Focused Passage

Leviticus 23:1-8

The LORD's Appointed Times: Holy Time, Sacred Assembly, Harvest, Atonement, and Covenant Remembrance

The LORD commands Moses to announce His appointed festivals as sacred assemblies. The weekly Sabbath is established first. Then the annual calendar unfolds: Passover and the Festival of Unleavened Bread, Firstfruits, the Festival of Weeks, the Feast of Trumpets, the Day of Atonement, and the Festival of Tabernacles. The chapter concludes by summarizing the appointed offerings and commanding Israel to live in booths so future generations remember that the LORD made Israel dwell in temporary shelters when He brought them out of Egypt.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1 Then the LORD said to Moses,

2 “Speak to the Israelites and say to them, ‘These are My appointed feasts, the feasts of the LORD that you are to proclaim as sacred assemblies.

3 For six days work may be done, but the seventh day is a Sabbath of complete rest, a day of sacred assembly. You must not do any work; wherever you live, it is a Sabbath to the LORD.

4 These are the LORD’s appointed feasts, the sacred assemblies you are to proclaim at their appointed times.

5 The Passover to the LORD begins at twilight on the fourteenth day of the first month.

6 On the fifteenth day of the same month begins the Feast of Unleavened Bread to the LORD. For seven days you must eat unleavened bread.

7 On the first day you are to hold a sacred assembly; you are not to do any regular work.

8 For seven days you are to present a food offering to the LORD. On the seventh day there shall be a sacred assembly; you must not do any regular work.’”

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Cross-references

Exodus 23:14 BSB references 2 Chronicles 2:4 Classic cross-references 2 Chronicles 8:13 Classic cross-references Colossians 2:16 Classic cross-references Ezekiel 45:17 Classic cross-references Galatians 4:10 Classic cross-references

Original words

Then the LORD יְהוָ֖ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular said וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר H1696 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular to אֶל־ H413 Preposition Moses מֹשֶׁ֥ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular . . . לֵּאמֹֽר׃ H559 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct

Verse 2

Cross-references

John 5:1 Classic cross-references Leviticus 23:37 Classic cross-references Leviticus 23:4 Classic cross-references Leviticus 23:21 Classic cross-references Numbers 29:39 Classic cross-references

Original words

Speak דַּבֵּ֞ר H1696 Verb - Piel - Imperative - masculine singular to אֶל־ H413 Preposition the Israelites בְּנֵ֤י H1121 Noun - masculine plural construct . . . יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular and say וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singular to them אֲלֵהֶ֔ם H413 Preposition | third person masculine plural These אֵ֥לֶּה H428 Pronoun - common plural are הֵ֖ם H1992 Pronoun - third person masculine plural My appointed feasts מוֹעֲדָֽי׃ H4150 Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singular the feasts מוֹעֲדֵ֣י H4150 Noun - masculine plural construct of the LORD יְהוָ֔ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular that אֲשֶׁר־ H834 Pronoun - relative you are to proclaim תִּקְרְא֥וּ H7121 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural - אֹתָ֖ם H853 Direct object marker | third person masculine plural as sacred קֹ֑דֶשׁ H6944 Noun - masculine singular assemblies מִקְרָאֵ֣י H4744 Noun - masculine plural construct

Verse 3

Cross-references

Genesis 2:3 Classic cross-references Exodus 20:8 Classic cross-references Exodus 16:23 Classic cross-references Leviticus 19:3 Classic cross-references Nehemiah 10:31 Classic cross-references

Original words

For six שֵׁ֣שֶׁת H8337 Number - masculine singular construct days יָמִים֮ H3117 Noun - masculine plural work מְלָאכָה֒ H4399 Noun - feminine singular may be done תֵּעָשֶׂ֣ה H6213 Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person feminine singular but the seventh הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י H7637 Article | Number - ordinal masculine singular day וּבַיּ֣וֹם H3117 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular is a Sabbath שַׁבַּ֤ת H7676 Noun - common singular construct of complete rest שַׁבָּתוֹן֙ H7677 Noun - masculine singular a day of sacred קֹ֔דֶשׁ H6944 Noun - masculine singular assembly מִקְרָא־ H4744 Noun - masculine singular construct You must not לֹ֣א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle do תַעֲשׂ֑וּ H6213 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural any כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct work מְלָאכָ֖ה H4399 Noun - feminine singular wherever בְּכֹ֖ל H3605 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct you live מֽוֹשְׁבֹתֵיכֶֽם׃פ H4186 Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine plural it הִוא֙ H1931 Pronoun - third person feminine singular is a Sabbath שַׁבָּ֥ת H7676 Noun - common singular to the LORD לַֽיהוָ֔ה H3068 Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular

Verse 4

Cross-references

Exodus 12:14 BSB references Numbers 28:16 BSB references Deuteronomy 16 BSB references Exodus 23:14 Classic cross-references Leviticus 23:2 Classic cross-references Leviticus 23:37 Classic cross-references Nehemiah 8:15 Classic cross-references

Original words

These אֵ֚לֶּה H428 Pronoun - common plural are the LORD’s יְהוָ֔ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular appointed feasts מוֹעֲדֵ֣י H4150 Noun - masculine plural construct the sacred קֹ֑דֶשׁ H6944 Noun - masculine singular - אֲשֶׁר־ H834 Pronoun - relative assemblies מִקְרָאֵ֖י H4744 Noun - masculine plural construct you are to proclaim תִּקְרְא֥וּ H7121 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural - אֹתָ֖ם H853 Direct object marker | third person masculine plural at their appointed times בְּמוֹעֲדָֽם׃ H4150 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine plural

Verse 5

Cross-references

Exodus 12:6 Classic cross-references Deuteronomy 16:1 Classic cross-references Joshua 5:10 Classic cross-references Exodus 12:18 Classic cross-references Exodus 12:2 Classic cross-references

Original words

The Passover פֶּ֖סַח H6453 Noun - masculine singular to the LORD לַיהוָֽה׃ H3068 Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular begins at בֵּ֣ין H996 Preposition twilight הָעַרְבָּ֑יִם H6153 Article | Noun - md on the fourteenth בְּאַרְבָּעָ֥ה H702 Preposition-b | Number - masculine singular . . . עָשָׂ֛ר H6240 Number - masculine singular day לַחֹ֖דֶשׁ H2320 Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular of the first הָרִאשׁ֗וֹן H7223 Article | Adjective - masculine singular month בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ H2320 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular

BSB notes

Hebrew begins between the two evenings of the fourteenth

Verse 6

Cross-references

Acts 12:3 Classic cross-references Numbers 28:17 Classic cross-references 1 Corinthians 5:8 Classic cross-references Exodus 34:18 Classic cross-references Deuteronomy 16:8 Classic cross-references

Original words

On the fifteenth וּבַחֲמִשָּׁ֨ה H2568 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b, Article | Number - masculine singular . . . עָשָׂ֥ר H6240 Number - masculine singular day יוֹם֙ H3117 Noun - masculine singular of the same הַזֶּ֔ה H2088 Article | Pronoun - masculine singular month [begins] לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ H2320 Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular the Feast חַ֥ג H2282 Noun - masculine singular construct of Unleavened Bread הַמַּצּ֖וֹת H4682 Article | Noun - feminine plural to the LORD לַיהוָ֑ה H3068 Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular For seven שִׁבְעַ֥ת H7651 Number - masculine singular construct days יָמִ֖ים H3117 Noun - masculine plural you must eat תֹּאכֵֽלוּ׃ H398 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural unleavened bread מַצּ֥וֹת H4682 Noun - feminine plural

BSB notes

That is, the seven-day period after the Passover during which no leaven may be eaten; see Exodus 12:14–20.

Verse 7

Cross-references

Exodus 12:16 Classic cross-references Leviticus 16:29 Classic cross-references John 19:31 Classic cross-references Leviticus 23:35 Classic cross-references Leviticus 23:8 Classic cross-references

Original words

On the first הָֽרִאשׁ֔וֹן H7223 Article | Adjective - masculine singular day בַּיּוֹם֙ H3117 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular you are to hold יִהְיֶ֣ה H1961 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular a sacred קֹ֖דֶשׁ H6944 Noun - masculine singular assembly מִקְרָא־ H4744 Noun - masculine singular construct you are not לֹ֥א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle to do תַעֲשֽׂוּ׃ H6213 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural any כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct regular עֲבֹדָ֖ה H5656 Noun - feminine singular work מְלֶ֥אכֶת H4399 Noun - feminine singular construct

Verse 8

Cross-references

Numbers 28:25 Classic cross-references Ezekiel 45:23 Classic cross-references Leviticus 23:7 Classic cross-references

Original words

For seven שִׁבְעַ֣ת H7651 Number - masculine singular construct days יָמִ֑ים H3117 Noun - masculine plural you are to present וְהִקְרַבְתֶּ֥ם H7126 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine plural a food offering אִשֶּׁ֛ה H801 Noun - masculine singular to the LORD לַיהוָ֖ה H3068 Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular On the seventh הַשְּׁבִיעִי֙ H7637 Article | Number - ordinal masculine singular day בַּיּ֤וֹם H3117 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular there shall be a sacred קֹ֔דֶשׁ H6944 Noun - masculine singular assembly מִקְרָא־ H4744 Noun - masculine singular construct you must not לֹ֥א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle do תַעֲשֽׂוּ׃פ H6213 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural any כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct regular עֲבֹדָ֖ה H5656 Noun - feminine singular work מְלֶ֥אכֶת H4399 Noun - feminine singular construct

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