Focused Passage

Leviticus 23:1-8

The LORD's Appointed Times: Holy Time, Sacred Assembly, Harvest, Atonement, and Covenant Remembrance

The LORD commands Moses to announce His appointed festivals as sacred assemblies. The weekly Sabbath is established first. Then the annual calendar unfolds: Passover and the Festival of Unleavened Bread, Firstfruits, the Festival of Weeks, the Feast of Trumpets, the Day of Atonement, and the Festival of Tabernacles. The chapter concludes by summarizing the appointed offerings and commanding Israel to live in booths so future generations remember that the LORD made Israel dwell in temporary shelters when He brought them out of Egypt.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1Then the LORD said to Moses,

2“Speak to the Israelites and say to them, ‘These are My appointed feasts, the feasts of the LORD that you are to proclaim as sacred assemblies.

3For six days work may be done, but the seventh day is a Sabbath of complete rest, a day of sacred assembly. You must not do any work; wherever you live, it is a Sabbath to the LORD.

4These are the LORD’s appointed feasts, the sacred assemblies you are to proclaim at their appointed times.

5The Passover to the LORD begins at twilight on the fourteenth day of the first month.

6On the fifteenth day of the same month begins the Feast of Unleavened Bread to the LORD. For seven days you must eat unleavened bread.

7On the first day you are to hold a sacred assembly; you are not to do any regular work.

8For seven days you are to present a food offering to the LORD. On the seventh day there shall be a sacred assembly; you must not do any regular work.’”

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Cross-references

Exodus 23:14BSB references 2 Chronicles 2:4Classic cross-references 2 Chronicles 8:13Classic cross-references Colossians 2:16Classic cross-references Ezekiel 45:17Classic cross-references Galatians 4:10Classic cross-references

Original words

Then the LORDיְהוָ֖הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularsaidוַיְדַבֵּ֥רH1696Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singulartoאֶל־H413PrepositionMosesמֹשֶׁ֥הH4872Noun - proper - masculine singular. . .לֵּאמֹֽר׃H559Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct

Verse 2

Cross-references

John 5:1Classic cross-references Leviticus 23:37Classic cross-references Leviticus 23:4Classic cross-references Leviticus 23:21Classic cross-references Numbers 29:39Classic cross-references

Original words

Speakדַּבֵּ֞רH1696Verb - Piel - Imperative - masculine singulartoאֶל־H413Prepositionthe Israelitesבְּנֵ֤יH1121Noun - masculine plural construct. . .יִשְׂרָאֵל֙H3478Noun - proper - masculine singularand sayוְאָמַרְתָּ֣H559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singularto themאֲלֵהֶ֔םH413Preposition | third person masculine pluralTheseאֵ֥לֶּהH428Pronoun - common pluralareהֵ֖םH1992Pronoun - third person masculine pluralMy appointed feastsמוֹעֲדָֽי׃H4150Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singularthe feastsמוֹעֲדֵ֣יH4150Noun - masculine plural constructof the LORDיְהוָ֔הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularthatאֲשֶׁר־H834Pronoun - relativeyou are to proclaimתִּקְרְא֥וּH7121Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural-אֹתָ֖םH853Direct object marker | third person masculine pluralas sacredקֹ֑דֶשׁH6944Noun - masculine singularassembliesמִקְרָאֵ֣יH4744Noun - masculine plural construct

Verse 3

Cross-references

Genesis 2:3Classic cross-references Exodus 20:8Classic cross-references Exodus 16:23Classic cross-references Leviticus 19:3Classic cross-references Nehemiah 10:31Classic cross-references

Original words

For sixשֵׁ֣שֶׁתH8337Number - masculine singular constructdaysיָמִים֮H3117Noun - masculine pluralworkמְלָאכָה֒H4399Noun - feminine singularmay be doneתֵּעָשֶׂ֣הH6213Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person feminine singularbut the seventhהַשְּׁבִיעִ֗יH7637Article | Number - ordinal masculine singulardayוּבַיּ֣וֹםH3117Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singularis a Sabbathשַׁבַּ֤תH7676Noun - common singular constructof complete restשַׁבָּתוֹן֙H7677Noun - masculine singulara day of sacredקֹ֔דֶשׁH6944Noun - masculine singularassemblyמִקְרָא־H4744Noun - masculine singular constructYou must notלֹ֣אH3808Adverb - Negative particledoתַעֲשׂ֑וּH6213Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine pluralanyכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructworkמְלָאכָ֖הH4399Noun - feminine singularwhereverבְּכֹ֖לH3605Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular constructyou liveמֽוֹשְׁבֹתֵיכֶֽם׃פH4186Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine pluralitהִוא֙H1931Pronoun - third person feminine singularis a Sabbathשַׁבָּ֥תH7676Noun - common singularto the LORDלַֽיהוָ֔הH3068Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular

Verse 4

Cross-references

Exodus 12:14BSB references Numbers 28:16BSB references Deuteronomy 16BSB references Exodus 23:14Classic cross-references Leviticus 23:2Classic cross-references Leviticus 23:37Classic cross-references Nehemiah 8:15Classic cross-references

Original words

Theseאֵ֚לֶּהH428Pronoun - common pluralare the LORD’sיְהוָ֔הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularappointed feastsמוֹעֲדֵ֣יH4150Noun - masculine plural constructthe sacredקֹ֑דֶשׁH6944Noun - masculine singular-אֲשֶׁר־H834Pronoun - relativeassembliesמִקְרָאֵ֖יH4744Noun - masculine plural constructyou are to proclaimתִּקְרְא֥וּH7121Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural-אֹתָ֖םH853Direct object marker | third person masculine pluralat their appointed timesבְּמוֹעֲדָֽם׃H4150Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine plural

Verse 5

Cross-references

Exodus 12:6Classic cross-references Deuteronomy 16:1Classic cross-references Joshua 5:10Classic cross-references Exodus 12:18Classic cross-references Exodus 12:2Classic cross-references

Original words

The Passoverפֶּ֖סַחH6453Noun - masculine singularto the LORDלַיהוָֽה׃H3068Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singularbegins atבֵּ֣יןH996Prepositiontwilightהָעַרְבָּ֑יִםH6153Article | Noun - mdon the fourteenthבְּאַרְבָּעָ֥הH702Preposition-b | Number - masculine singular. . .עָשָׂ֛רH6240Number - masculine singulardayלַחֹ֖דֶשׁH2320Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singularof the firstהָרִאשׁ֗וֹןH7223Article | Adjective - masculine singularmonthבַּחֹ֣דֶשׁH2320Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular

BSB notes

Hebrew begins between the two evenings of the fourteenth

Verse 6

Cross-references

Acts 12:3Classic cross-references Numbers 28:17Classic cross-references 1 Corinthians 5:8Classic cross-references Exodus 34:18Classic cross-references Deuteronomy 16:8Classic cross-references

Original words

On the fifteenthוּבַחֲמִשָּׁ֨הH2568Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b, Article | Number - masculine singular. . .עָשָׂ֥רH6240Number - masculine singulardayיוֹם֙H3117Noun - masculine singularof the sameהַזֶּ֔הH2088Article | Pronoun - masculine singularmonth [begins]לַחֹ֣דֶשׁH2320Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singularthe Feastחַ֥גH2282Noun - masculine singular constructof Unleavened Breadהַמַּצּ֖וֹתH4682Article | Noun - feminine pluralto the LORDלַיהוָ֑הH3068Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singularFor sevenשִׁבְעַ֥תH7651Number - masculine singular constructdaysיָמִ֖יםH3117Noun - masculine pluralyou must eatתֹּאכֵֽלוּ׃H398Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine pluralunleavened breadמַצּ֥וֹתH4682Noun - feminine plural

BSB notes

That is, the seven-day period after the Passover during which no leaven may be eaten; see Exodus 12:14–20.

Verse 7

Cross-references

Exodus 12:16Classic cross-references Leviticus 16:29Classic cross-references John 19:31Classic cross-references Leviticus 23:35Classic cross-references Leviticus 23:8Classic cross-references

Original words

On the firstהָֽרִאשׁ֔וֹןH7223Article | Adjective - masculine singulardayבַּיּוֹם֙H3117Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singularyou are to holdיִהְיֶ֣הH1961Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singulara sacredקֹ֖דֶשׁH6944Noun - masculine singularassemblyמִקְרָא־H4744Noun - masculine singular constructyou are notלֹ֥אH3808Adverb - Negative particleto doתַעֲשֽׂוּ׃H6213Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine pluralanyכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructregularעֲבֹדָ֖הH5656Noun - feminine singularworkמְלֶ֥אכֶתH4399Noun - feminine singular construct

Verse 8

Cross-references

Numbers 28:25Classic cross-references Ezekiel 45:23Classic cross-references Leviticus 23:7Classic cross-references

Original words

For sevenשִׁבְעַ֣תH7651Number - masculine singular constructdaysיָמִ֑יםH3117Noun - masculine pluralyou are to presentוְהִקְרַבְתֶּ֥םH7126Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine plurala food offeringאִשֶּׁ֛הH801Noun - masculine singularto the LORDלַיהוָ֖הH3068Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singularOn the seventhהַשְּׁבִיעִי֙H7637Article | Number - ordinal masculine singulardayבַּיּ֤וֹםH3117Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singularthere shall be a sacredקֹ֔דֶשׁH6944Noun - masculine singularassemblyמִקְרָא־H4744Noun - masculine singular constructyou must notלֹ֥אH3808Adverb - Negative particledoתַעֲשֽׂוּ׃פH6213Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine pluralanyכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructregularעֲבֹדָ֖הH5656Noun - feminine singularworkמְלֶ֥אכֶתH4399Noun - feminine singular construct

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