Focused Passage

Psalms 22:12-18

The Forsaken Sufferer and the Worldwide Praise of the LORD

A cry of forsakenness moves through remembered trust, public humiliation, urgent petition, answered praise, and finally worldwide testimony to the LORD's righteous saving work.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

12 Many bulls surround me; strong bulls of Bashan encircle me.

13 They open their jaws against me like lions that roar and maul.

14 I am poured out like water, and all my bones are disjointed. My heart is like wax; it melts away within me.

15 My strength is dried up like a potsherd, and my tongue sticks to the roof of my mouth. You lay me in the dust of death.

16 For dogs surround me; a band of evil men encircles me; they have pierced my hands and feet.

17 I can count all my bones; they stare and gloat over me.

18 They divide my garments among them and cast lots for my clothing.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 12

Cross-references

Amos 4:1 Classic cross-references Acts 4:27 Classic cross-references Psalms 68:30 Classic cross-references Isaiah 53:8 Classic cross-references Luke 22:44 Classic cross-references

Original words

Many רַבִּ֑ים H7227 Adjective - masculine plural bulls פָּרִ֣ים H6499 Noun - masculine plural surround me סְ֭בָבוּנִי H5437 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural | first person common singular strong אַבִּירֵ֖י H47 Adjective - masculine plural construct [bulls] of Bashan בָשָׁ֣ן H1316 Noun - proper - feminine singular encircle me כִּתְּרֽוּנִי׃ H3803 Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person common plural | first person common singular

Verse 13

Cross-references

Job 16:10 Classic cross-references 1 Peter 5:8 Classic cross-references Psalms 35:21 Classic cross-references Lamentations 2:16 Classic cross-references Lamentations 3:46 Classic cross-references

Original words

They open פָּצ֣וּ H6475 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural their jaws פִּיהֶ֑ם H6310 Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine plural against me עָלַ֣י H5921 Preposition | first person common singular like lions אַ֝רְיֵ֗ה H738 Noun - masculine singular that roar וְשֹׁאֵֽג׃ H7580 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular and maul טֹרֵ֥ף H2963 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular

Verse 14

Cross-references

Psalms 119:28 Classic cross-references Daniel 5:6 Classic cross-references Job 30:16 Classic cross-references Psalms 22:17 Classic cross-references Psalms 31:10 Classic cross-references

Original words

I am poured out נִשְׁפַּכְתִּי֮ H8210 Verb - Nifal - Perfect - first person common singular like water כַּמַּ֥יִם H4325 Preposition-k, Article | Noun - masculine plural and all כָּֽל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct my bones עַצְמ֫וֹתָ֥י H6106 Noun - feminine plural construct | first person common singular are disjointed וְהִתְפָּֽרְד֗וּ H6504 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hitpael - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural My heart לִ֭בִּי H3820 Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular is הָיָ֣ה H1961 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular like wax כַּדּוֹנָ֑ג H1749 Preposition-k, Article | Noun - masculine singular it melts away נָ֝מֵ֗ס H4549 Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singular within בְּת֣וֹךְ H8432 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct me מֵעָֽי׃ H4578 Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singular

Verse 15

Cross-references

John 19:28 Classic cross-references Proverbs 17:22 Classic cross-references John 19:30 Classic cross-references Psalms 69:3 Classic cross-references Psalms 69:21 Classic cross-references

Original words

My strength כֹּחִ֗י H3581 Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular is dried up יָ֘בֵ֤שׁ H3001 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular like a potsherd כַּחֶ֨רֶשׂ׀ H2789 Preposition-k, Article | Noun - masculine singular and my tongue וּ֭לְשׁוֹנִי H3956 Conjunctive waw | Noun - common singular construct | first person common singular sticks מֻדְבָּ֣ק H1692 Verb - Hofal - Participle - masculine singular to the roof of my mouth מַלְקוֹחָ֑י H4455 Noun - masculine dual construct | first person common singular You lay me תִּשְׁפְּתֵֽנִי׃ H8239 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular | first person common singular in the dust וְֽלַעֲפַר־ H6083 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct of death מָ֥וֶת H4194 Noun - masculine singular

BSB notes

MT; or My mouth, a possible reading of the original Hebrew text

Verse 16

Cross-references

John 19:37 Classic cross-references Zechariah 12:10 Classic cross-references Matthew 27:35 Classic cross-references John 20:25 Classic cross-references John 19:23 Classic cross-references

Original words

For כִּ֥י H3588 Conjunction dogs כְּלָ֫בִ֥ים H3611 Noun - masculine plural surround me סְבָב֗וּנִי H5437 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural | first person common singular a band עֲדַ֣ת H5712 Noun - feminine singular construct of evil men מְ֭רֵעִים H7489 Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine plural encircles me הִקִּיפ֑וּנִי H5362 Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person common plural | first person common singular they have pierced כָּ֝אֲרִ֗י H738 Preposition-k, Article | Noun - masculine singular my hands יָדַ֥י H3027 Noun - feminine dual construct | first person common singular and feet וְרַגְלָֽי׃ H7272 Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine dual construct | first person common singular

BSB notes

DSS, LXX, Vulgate, and Syriac; most MT like a lion at my hands and feet

Verse 17

Cross-references

Luke 23:35 Classic cross-references Job 33:21 Classic cross-references Psalms 22:14 Classic cross-references Isaiah 52:14 Classic cross-references Luke 23:27 Classic cross-references

Original words

I can count אֲסַפֵּ֥ר H5608 Verb - Piel - Imperfect - first person common singular all כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct my bones עַצְמוֹתָ֑י H6106 Noun - feminine plural construct | first person common singular they הֵ֥מָּה H1992 Pronoun - third person masculine plural stare יַ֝בִּ֗יטוּ H5027 Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine plural and gloat יִרְאוּ־ H7200 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural over me בִֽי׃ Preposition | first person common singular

Verse 18

Cross-references

John 19:24 Classic cross-references Luke 23:34 Classic cross-references Matthew 27:35 Classic cross-references John 19:23 Classic cross-references Mark 15:24 Classic cross-references

Original words

They divide יְחַלְּק֣וּ H2505 Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine plural my garments בְגָדַ֣י H899 Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singular among them לָהֶ֑ם Preposition-l | Pronoun - third person masculine plural and cast יַפִּ֥ילוּ H5307 Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine plural lots גוֹרָֽל׃ H1486 Noun - masculine singular for וְעַל־ H5921 Conjunctive waw | Preposition my clothing לְ֝בוּשִׁ֗י H3830 Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular

BSB notes

Cited in John 19:24; see also Matthew 27:35, Mark 15:24, and Luke 23:34

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