Focused Passage

Exodus 12:37-42

Passover, Judgment, and the Exodus from Egypt

The LORD institutes Passover and Unleavened Bread, shelters Israel through the blood of the lamb, strikes Egypt’s firstborn, brings Israel out with provision, and commands the redeemed people to remember and observe this deliverance.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

37The Israelites journeyed from Rameses to Succoth with about 600,000 men on foot, besides women and children.

38And a mixed multitude also went up with them, along with great droves of livestock, both flocks and herds.

39Since their dough had no leaven, the people baked what they had brought out of Egypt into unleavened loaves. For when they had been driven out of Egypt, they could not delay and had not prepared any provisions for themselves.

40Now the duration of the Israelites’ stay in Egypt was 430 years.

41At the end of the 430 years, to the very day, all the LORD’s divisions went out of the land of Egypt.

42Because the LORD kept a vigil that night to bring them out of the land of Egypt, this same night is to be a vigil to the LORD, to be observed by all the Israelites for the generations to come.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 37

Original words

The Israelitesבְנֵֽי־H1121Noun - masculine plural construct. . .יִשְׂרָאֵ֛לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singularjourneyedוַיִּסְע֧וּH5265Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralfrom Ramesesמֵרַעְמְסֵ֖סH7486Preposition-m | Noun - proper - feminine singularto Succothסֻכֹּ֑תָהH5523Noun - proper - feminine singular | third person feminine singularwith about 600,000כְּשֵׁשׁ־H8337Preposition-k | Number - feminine singular construct. . .מֵא֨וֹתH3967Number - feminine plural construct. . .אֶ֧לֶףH505Number - masculine singularmenהַגְּבָרִ֖יםH1397Article | Noun - masculine pluralon footרַגְלִ֛יH7273Adjective - masculine singularbesidesלְבַ֥דH905Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singularwomen and childrenמִטָּֽף׃H2945Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular

BSB notes

  • Succoth means booths or shelters or tabernacles.
Verse 38

Original words

And a mixedעֵ֥רֶבH6154Noun - masculine singularmultitudeרַ֖בH7227Adjective - masculine singularalsoוְגַם־H1571Conjunctionwent upעָלָ֣הH5927Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularwith themאִתָּ֑םH854Preposition | third person masculine pluralalong with great droves ofכָּבֵ֥דH3515Adjective - masculine singular. . .מְאֹֽד׃H3966Adverblivestockמִקְנֶ֖הH4735Noun - masculine singularboth flocksוְצֹ֣אןH6629Conjunctive waw | Noun - common singularand herdsוּבָקָ֔רH1241Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 39

Original words

Sinceכִּ֣יH3588Conjunctiontheir doughהַבָּצֵ֜קH1217Article | Noun - masculine singularhad noלֹ֣אH3808Adverb - Negative particleleavenחָמֵ֑ץH2556Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularthe people bakedוַיֹּאפ֨וּH644Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural-אֶת־H853Direct object marker-אֲשֶׁ֨רH834Pronoun - relativewhat they had broughtהוֹצִ֧יאוּH3318Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person common pluralout of Egyptמִמִּצְרַ֛יִםH4714Preposition-m | Noun - proper - feminine singularinto unleavenedמַצּ֖וֹתH4682Noun - feminine pluralloavesעֻגֹ֥תH5692Noun - feminine pluralForכִּֽי־H3588Conjunctionwhen they had been driven outגֹרְשׁ֣וּH1644Verb - Pual - Perfect - third person common pluralof Egyptמִמִּצְרַ֗יִםH4714Preposition-m | Noun - proper - feminine singularthey couldיָֽכְלוּ֙H3201Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralnotוְלֹ֤אH3808Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particledelayלְהִתְמַהְמֵ֔הַּH4102Preposition-l | Verb - Hitpael - Infinitive constructandוְגַם־H1571Conjunctionhad notלֹא־H3808Adverb - Negative particlepreparedעָשׂ֥וּH6213Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralany provisionsצֵדָ֖הH6720Noun - feminine singularfor themselvesלָהֶֽם׃Preposition | third person masculine plural
Verse 40

Original words

Now the durationוּמוֹשַׁב֙H4186Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct-אֲשֶׁ֥רH834Pronoun - relativevvvבְּנֵ֣יH1121Noun - masculine plural constructof the Israelites’יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singularstayיָשְׁב֖וּH3427Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralin Egyptבְּמִצְרָ֑יִםH4714Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singularwas 430שְׁלֹשִׁ֣יםH7970Number - common plural. . .וְאַרְבַּ֥עH702Conjunctive waw | Number - feminine singular construct. . .מֵא֖וֹתH3967Number - feminine plural. . .שָׁנָֽה׃H8141Noun - feminine singularyearsשָׁנָ֔הH8141Noun - feminine singular

BSB notes

  • MT; SP in Canaan and Egypt; LXX in Egypt and Canaan
Verse 41

Original words

-וַיְהִ֗יH1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularAt the endמִקֵּץ֙H7093Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular constructof the 430שְׁלֹשִׁ֣יםH7970Number - common plural. . .וְאַרְבַּ֥עH702Conjunctive waw | Number - feminine singular construct. . .מֵא֖וֹתH3967Number - feminine plural. . .שָׁנָ֑הH8141Noun - feminine singular. . .וַיְהִ֗יH1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularyearsשָׁנָ֔הH8141Noun - feminine singularto theהַזֶּ֔הH2088Article | Pronoun - masculine singularveryבְּעֶ֙צֶם֙H6106Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular constructdayהַיּ֣וֹםH3117Article | Noun - masculine singularallכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructthe LORD’sיְהוָ֖הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singulardivisionsצִבְא֥וֹתH6635Noun - common plural constructwent outיָֽצְא֛וּH3318Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralof the landמֵאֶ֥רֶץH776Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singular constructof Egyptמִצְרָֽיִם׃H4714Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 42

Original words

Because the LORDלַֽיהוָ֔הH3068Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singularkept a vigilשִׁמֻּרִ֥יםH8107Noun - masculine pluralthatהוּא֙H1931Pronoun - third person masculine singularnightלֵ֣ילH3915Noun - masculine singular constructto bring themלְהוֹצִיאָ֖םH3318Preposition-l | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct | third person masculine pluralout of the landמֵאֶ֣רֶץH776Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singular constructof Egyptמִצְרָ֑יִםH4714Noun - proper - feminine singular. . .הֽוּא־H1931Pronoun - third person masculine singularthis sameהַזֶּה֙H2088Article | Pronoun - masculine singularnight [is to be a vigil ]הַלַּ֤יְלָהH3915Article | Noun - masculine singularto the LORDלַֽיהוָ֔הH3068Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singularto be observedשִׁמֻּרִ֛יםH8107Noun - masculine pluralby allלְכָל־H3605Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular constructthe Israelitesבְּנֵ֥יH1121Noun - masculine plural construct. . .יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singularfor the generations to comeלְדֹרֹתָֽם׃פH1755Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.