Focused Passage

Exodus 28:15-30

Priestly Garments for Glory, Beauty, Mediation, and Holiness

The LORD commands Moses to bring Aaron and his sons near to serve as priests, instructs skilled workers to make holy garments for Aaron, describes the ephod and its memorial stones, the breastpiece of decision with twelve tribal stones and the Urim and Thummim, the robe of the ephod with bells and pomegranates, the gold plate engraved 'Holy to the LORD,' and the tunics, sashes, caps, undergarments, and regulations for priestly service.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

15You are also to make a breastpiece of judgment with the same workmanship as the ephod. Construct it with gold, with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and with finely spun linen.

16It must be square when folded over double, a span long and a span wide.

17And mount on it a setting of gemstones, four rows of stones: In the first row there shall be a ruby, a topaz, and an emerald;

18in the second row a turquoise, a sapphire, and a diamond;

19in the third row a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst;

20and in the fourth row a beryl, an onyx, and a jasper. Mount these stones in gold filigree settings.

21The twelve stones are to correspond to the names of the sons of Israel, each engraved like a seal with the name of one of the twelve tribes.

22For the breastpiece, make braided chains like cords of pure gold.

23You are also to make two gold rings and fasten them to the two corners of the breastpiece.

24Then fasten the two gold chains to the two gold rings at the corners of the breastpiece,

25and fasten the other ends of the two chains to the two filigree settings, attaching them to the shoulder pieces of the ephod at the front.

26Make two more gold rings and attach them to the other two corners of the breastpiece, on the inside edge next to the ephod.

27Make two additional gold rings and attach them to the bottom of the two shoulder pieces of the ephod, on its front, near its seam just above its woven waistband.

28The rings of the breastpiece shall be tied to the rings of the ephod with a cord of blue yarn, so that the breastpiece is above the waistband of the ephod and does not swing out from the ephod.

29Whenever Aaron enters the Holy Place, he shall bear the names of the sons of Israel over his heart on the breastpiece of judgment, as a continual reminder before the LORD.

30And place the Urim and Thummim in the breastpiece of judgment, so that they will also be over Aaron’s heart whenever he comes before the LORD. Aaron will continually carry the judgment of the sons of Israel over his heart before the LORD.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 15

Original words

You are also to makeוְעָשִׂ֜יתָH6213Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singulara breastpieceחֹ֤שֶׁןH2833Noun - masculine singular constructof judgmentמִשְׁפָּט֙H4941Noun - masculine singular-תַּעֲשֶׂ֑נּוּH6213Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular | third person masculine singularwith the same workmanshipמַעֲשֵׂ֣הH4639Noun - masculine singular construct. . .חֹשֵׁ֔בH2803Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular. . .כְּמַעֲשֵׂ֥הH4639Preposition-k | Noun - masculine singular constructas the ephodאֵפֹ֖דH646Noun - masculine singularConstructתַּעֲשֶׂ֥הH6213Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singularitאֹתֽוֹ׃H853Direct object marker | third person masculine singularwith goldזָ֠הָבH2091Noun - masculine singularwith blueתְּכֵ֨לֶתH8504Noun - feminine singularpurpleוְאַרְגָּמָ֜ןH713Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singularand scarlet yarnוְתוֹלַ֧עַתH8438Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular construct. . .שָׁנִ֛יH8144Noun - masculine singularand with finely spunמָשְׁזָ֖רH7806Verb - Hofal - Participle - masculine singularlinenוְשֵׁ֥שׁH8336Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 16

Original words

It must beיִֽהְיֶ֖הH1961Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singularsquareרָב֥וּעַH7251Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine singularwhen folded over doubleכָּפ֑וּלH3717Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine singulara spanזֶ֥רֶתH2239Noun - feminine singularlongאָרְכּ֖וֹH753Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularand a spanוְזֶ֥רֶתH2239Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singularwideרָחְבּֽוֹ׃H7341Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular

BSB notes

  • The breastpiece, when folded over, was approximately 9 inches or 22.9 centimeters in both length and width.
Verse 17

Original words

And mountוּמִלֵּאתָ֥H4390Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singularon itבוֹ֙Preposition | third person masculine singulara settingמִלֻּ֣אַתH4396Noun - feminine singular constructof gemstonesאֶ֔בֶןH68Noun - feminine singularfourאַרְבָּעָ֖הH702Number - masculine singularrowsטוּרִ֣יםH2905Noun - masculine pluralof stonesאָ֑בֶןH68Noun - feminine singularIn the firstהָאֶחָֽד׃H259Article | Number - masculine singularrow there shall beט֗וּרH2905Noun - masculine singular construct-הַטּ֖וּרH2905Article | Noun - masculine singulara rubyאֹ֤דֶםH124Noun - masculine singulara topazפִּטְדָה֙H6357Noun - feminine singularand an emeraldוּבָרֶ֔קֶתH1304Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular

BSB notes

  • The precise identification of some of these gemstones is uncertain.
Verse 18

Original words

in the secondהַשֵּׁנִ֑יH8145Article | Number - ordinal masculine singularrowוְהַטּ֖וּרH2905Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - masculine singulara turquoiseנֹ֥פֶךְH5306Noun - masculine singulara sapphireסַפִּ֖ירH5601Noun - masculine singularand a diamondוְיָהֲלֹֽם׃H3095Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 19

Original words

in the thirdהַשְּׁלִישִׁ֑יH7992Article | Number - ordinal masculine singularrowוְהַטּ֖וּרH2905Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - masculine singulara jacinthלֶ֥שֶׁםH3958Noun - masculine singularan agateשְׁב֖וֹH7618Noun - masculine singularand an amethystוְאַחְלָֽמָה׃H306Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 20

Original words

and in the fourthהָרְבִיעִ֔יH7243Article | Number - ordinal masculine singularrowוְהַטּוּר֙H2905Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - masculine singulara berylתַּרְשִׁ֥ישׁH8658Noun - masculine singularan onyxוְשֹׁ֖הַםH7718Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singularand a jasperוְיָשְׁפֵ֑הH3471Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular. . .מְשֻׁבָּצִ֥יםH7660Verb - Pual - Participle - masculine pluralMount [these stones]יִהְי֖וּH1961Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine pluralin goldזָהָ֛בH2091Noun - masculine singularfiligree settingsבְּמִלּוּאֹתָֽם׃H4396Preposition-b | Noun - feminine plural construct | third person masculine plural
Verse 21

Original words

The twelveשְׁתֵּ֥יםH8147Number - fd. . .עֶשְׂרֵ֖הH6240Number - feminine singularstonesוְ֠הָאֲבָנִיםH68Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - feminine pluralareתִּֽהְיֶ֜יןָH1961Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine pluraltoעַל־H5921Prepositioncorrespond to the namesשְׁמֹ֧תH8034Noun - masculine plural constructof the sonsבְּנֵֽי־H1121Noun - masculine plural constructof Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֛לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singulareachאִ֣ישׁH376Noun - masculine singular. . .עַל־H5921Preposition. . .שְׁמ֔וֹH8034Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular. . .תִּֽהְיֶ֕יןָH1961Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine pluralengravedפִּתּוּחֵ֤יH6603Noun - masculine plural constructlike a sealחוֹתָם֙H2368Noun - masculine singularwithעַל־H5921Prepositionthe nameשְׁמֹתָ֑םH8034Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine pluralof one of the twelveלִשְׁנֵ֥יH8147Preposition-l | Number - masculine dual construct. . .עָשָׂ֖רH6240Number - masculine singulartribesשָֽׁבֶט׃H7626Noun - masculine singular
Verse 22

Original words

For the breastpieceהַחֹ֛שֶׁןH2833Article | Noun - masculine singular. . .שַֽׁרְשֹׁ֥תH8331Noun - feminine plural constructmakeוְעָשִׂ֧יתָH6213Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singular. . .עַל־H5921Prepositionbraided chainsגַּבְלֻ֖תH1383Noun - feminine singular. . .עֲבֹ֑תH5688Noun - common singularlike cordsמַעֲשֵׂ֣הH4639Noun - masculine singular constructof pureטָהֽוֹר׃H2889Adjective - masculine singulargoldזָהָ֖בH2091Noun - masculine singular
Verse 23

Original words

You are also to makeוְעָשִׂ֙יתָ֙H6213Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singular-עַל־H5921Preposition-הַחֹ֔שֶׁןH2833Article | Noun - masculine singulartwoשְׁתֵּ֖יH8147Number - feminine dual constructgoldזָהָ֑בH2091Noun - masculine singularringsטַבְּע֣וֹתH2885Noun - feminine plural constructand fastenוְנָתַתָּ֗H5414Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthemשְׁתֵּי֙H8147Number - feminine dual construct. . .הַטַּבָּע֔וֹתH2885Article | Noun - feminine pluraltoעַל־H5921Prepositionthe twoשְׁנֵ֖יH8147Number - masculine dual constructcornersקְצ֥וֹתH7098Noun - feminine plural constructof the breastpieceהַחֹֽשֶׁן׃H2833Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 24

Original words

Then fastenוְנָתַתָּ֗הH5414Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe twoשְׁתֵּי֙H8147Number - feminine dual constructgoldהַזָּהָ֔בH2091Article | Noun - masculine singularchainsעֲבֹתֹ֣תH5688Noun - common plural constructtoעַל־H5921Prepositionthe twoשְׁתֵּ֖יH8147Number - feminine dual constructgold ringsהַטַּבָּעֹ֑תH2885Article | Noun - feminine pluralatאֶל־H413Prepositionthe cornersקְצ֖וֹתH7098Noun - feminine plural constructof the breastpieceהַחֹֽשֶׁן׃H2833Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 25

Original words

-וְאֵ֨תH853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerand fastenתִּתֵּ֖ןH5414Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singularthe otherשְׁתֵּ֤יH8147Number - feminine dual constructendsקְצוֹת֙H7098Noun - feminine plural constructof the twoשְׁתֵּ֣יH8147Number - feminine dual constructchainsהָעֲבֹתֹ֔תH5688Article | Noun - common pluraltoעַל־H5921Prepositionthe twoשְׁתֵּ֣יH8147Number - feminine dual constructfiligree settingsהַֽמִּשְׁבְּצ֑וֹתH4865Article | Noun - feminine pluralattaching themוְנָתַתָּ֛הH5414Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singulartoעַל־H5921Prepositionthe shoulder piecesכִּתְפ֥וֹתH3802Noun - feminine plural constructof the ephodהָאֵפֹ֖דH646Article | Noun - masculine singularatאֶל־H413Prepositionthe frontמ֥וּלH4136Preposition. . .פָּנָֽיו׃H6440Noun - common plural construct | third person masculine singular
Verse 26

Original words

Makeוְעָשִׂ֗יתָH6213Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singulartwo [more]שְׁתֵּי֙H8147Number - feminine dual constructgoldזָהָ֔בH2091Noun - masculine singularringsטַבְּע֣וֹתH2885Noun - feminine plural constructand attachוְשַׂמְתָּ֣H7760Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singularthemאֹתָ֔םH853Direct object marker | third person masculine pluraltoעַל־H5921Prepositionthe other twoשְׁנֵ֖יH8147Number - masculine dual constructcornersקְצ֣וֹתH7098Noun - feminine plural constructof the breastpieceהַחֹ֑שֶׁןH2833Article | Noun - masculine singularonעַל־H5921Preposition. . .עֵ֥בֶרH5676Noun - masculine singular constructthe insideבָּֽיְתָה׃H1004Noun - masculine singular | third person feminine singularedgeשְׂפָת֕וֹH8193Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular-אֲשֶׁ֛רH834Pronoun - relativenext toאֶל־H413Prepositionthe ephodהָאֵפֹ֖דH646Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 27

Original words

Makeוְעָשִׂיתָ֮H6213Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singulartwo [additional]שְׁתֵּ֣יH8147Number - feminine dual constructgoldזָהָב֒H2091Noun - masculine singularringsטַבְּע֣וֹתH2885Noun - feminine plural constructand attachוְנָתַתָּ֣הH5414Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singularthemאֹתָ֡םH853Direct object marker | third person masculine pluraltoעַל־H5921Prepositionthe bottomמִלְּמַ֙טָּה֙H4295Preposition-m, Preposition-l | Adverbof the twoשְׁתֵּי֩H8147Number - feminine dual constructshoulder piecesכִתְפ֨וֹתH3802Noun - feminine plural constructof the ephodהָאֵפ֤וֹדH646Article | Noun - masculine singularon its frontמִמּ֣וּלH4136Preposition-m. . .פָּנָ֔יוH6440Noun - common plural construct | third person masculine singularnearלְעֻמַּ֖תH5980Preposition-lits seamמֶחְבַּרְתּ֑וֹH4225Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singularjust aboveמִמַּ֕עַלH4605Preposition-m | Adverbits woven waistbandלְחֵ֖שֶׁבH2805Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct. . .הָאֵפֽוֹד׃H646Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 28

Original words

The ringsמִטַּבְּעֹתוֹH2885Preposition-m | Noun - feminine plural construct | third person masculine singularof the breastpieceהַ֠חֹשֶׁןH2833Article | Noun - masculine singularshall be tiedוְיִרְכְּס֣וּH7405Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markertoאֶל־H413Prepositionthe ringsטַבְּעֹ֤תH2885Noun - feminine plural constructof the ephodהָאֵפֹד֙H646Article | Noun - masculine singularwith a cordבִּפְתִ֣ילH6616Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular constructof blue yarnתְּכֵ֔לֶתH8504Noun - feminine singularso that the breastpieceהַחֹ֔שֶׁןH2833Article | Noun - masculine singularisלִֽהְי֖וֹתH1961Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructaboveעַל־H5921Prepositionthe waistbandחֵ֣שֶׁבH2805Noun - masculine singular constructof the ephodהָאֵפ֑וֹדH646Article | Noun - masculine singularand does notוְלֹֽא־H3808Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particleswing outיִזַּ֣חH2118Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singularfromמֵעַ֖לH5921Preposition-mthe ephodהָאֵפֽוֹד׃H646Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 29

Original words

Whenever [Aaron] entersבְּבֹא֣וֹH935Preposition-b | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | third person masculine singular. . .אֶל־H413Prepositionthe Holy [Place]הַקֹּ֑דֶשׁH6944Article | Noun - masculine singular[he]אַ֠הֲרֹןH175Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markershall bearוְנָשָׂ֣אH5375Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singularthe namesשְׁמ֨וֹתH8034Noun - masculine plural constructof the sonsבְּנֵֽי־H1121Noun - masculine plural constructof Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֜לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singularoverעַל־H5921Prepositionhis heartלִבּ֖וֹH3820Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularon the breastpieceבְּחֹ֧שֶׁןH2833Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular constructof judgmentהַמִּשְׁפָּ֛טH4941Article | Noun - masculine singularas a continualתָּמִֽיד׃H8548Adverbreminderלְזִכָּרֹ֥ןH2146Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singularbeforeלִפְנֵֽי־H6440Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural constructthe LORDיְהוָ֖הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singular
Verse 30

Original words

And placeוְנָתַתָּ֞H5414Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singularthe Urimהָאוּרִים֙H224Article | Noun - masculine plural-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerand Thummimהַתֻּמִּ֔יםH8550Article | Noun - masculine pluralinאֶל־H413Prepositionthe breastpieceחֹ֣שֶׁןH2833Noun - masculine singular constructof judgmentהַמִּשְׁפָּ֗טH4941Article | Noun - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerso that they will also beוְהָיוּ֙H1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common pluraloverעַל־H5921PrepositionAaron’sאַהֲרֹ֔ןH175Noun - proper - masculine singularheartלֵ֣בH3820Noun - masculine singular constructwhenever he comesבְּבֹא֖וֹH935Preposition-b | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | third person masculine singularbeforeלִפְנֵ֣יH6440Preposition-l | Noun - common plural constructthe LORDיְהוָ֑הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularAaronאַ֠הֲרֹןH175Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerwill continuallyתָּמִֽיד׃סH8548Adverbcarryוְנָשָׂ֣אH5375Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singularthe judgmentמִשְׁפַּ֨טH4941Noun - masculine singular constructof the sonsבְּנֵי־H1121Noun - masculine plural constructof Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֧לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singularoverעַל־H5921Prepositionhis heartלִבּ֛וֹH3820Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularbeforeלִפְנֵ֥יH6440Preposition-l | Noun - common plural constructthe LORDיְהוָ֖הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singular

BSB notes

  • Literally Lights and Perfections

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.