Focused Passage

Exodus 32:30-35

The Golden Calf: Covenant Rebellion, Intercession, Judgment, and Mercy

The chapter moves from Israel’s demand for a visible god, to Aaron’s making of the golden calf, to idolatrous worship and revelry, to the LORD’s declaration of Israel’s corruption, to Moses’ intercession, to Moses’ descent and shattering of the tablets, to judgment in the camp, to Moses’ second intercession, and finally to the LORD’s warning that sin will be punished even as Israel continues forward.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

30The next day Moses said to the people, “You have committed a great sin. Now I will go up to the LORD; perhaps I can make atonement for your sin.”

31So Moses returned to the LORD and said, “Oh, what a great sin these people have committed! They have made gods of gold for themselves.

32Yet now, if You would only forgive their sin.... But if not, please blot me out of the book that You have written.”

33The LORD replied to Moses, “Whoever has sinned against Me, I will blot out of My book.

34Now go, lead the people to the place I described. Behold, My angel shall go before you. But on the day I settle accounts, I will punish them for their sin.”

35And the LORD sent a plague on the people because of what they had done with the calf that Aaron had made.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 30

Original words

-וַיְהִי֙H1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularThe next dayמִֽמָּחֳרָ֔תH4283Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singularMosesמֹשֶׁה֙H4872Noun - proper - masculine singularsaidוַיֹּ֤אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singulartoאֶל־H413Prepositionthe peopleהָעָ֔םH5971Article | Noun - masculine singularYouאַתֶּ֥םH859Pronoun - second person masculine pluralhave committedחֲטָאתֶ֖םH2398Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine plurala greatגְדֹלָ֑הH1419Adjective - feminine singularsinחֲטָאָ֣הH2401Noun - feminine singularNowוְעַתָּה֙H6258Conjunctive waw | AdverbI will go upאֶֽעֱלֶ֣הH5927Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singulartoאֶל־H413Prepositionthe LORDיְהוָ֔הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularperhapsאוּלַ֥יH194AdverbI can make atonementאֲכַפְּרָ֖הH3722Verb - Piel - Imperfect Cohortative - first person common singularforבְּעַ֥דH1157Prepositionyour sinחַטַּאתְכֶֽם׃H2403Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine plural
Verse 31

Original words

So Mosesמֹשֶׁ֛הH4872Noun - proper - masculine singularreturnedוַיָּ֧שָׁבH7725Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singulartoאֶל־H413Prepositionthe LORDיְהוָ֖הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularand saidוַיֹּאמַ֑רH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularOhאָ֣נָּ֗אH577Interjectionwhat a greatגְדֹלָ֔הH1419Adjective - feminine singularsinחֲטָאָ֣הH2401Noun - feminine singulartheseהַזֶּה֙H2088Article | Pronoun - masculine singularpeopleהָעָ֤םH5971Article | Noun - masculine singularhave committedחָטָ֞אH2398Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularThey have madeוַיַּֽעֲשׂ֥וּH6213Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralgodsאֱלֹהֵ֥יH430Noun - masculine plural constructof goldזָהָֽב׃H2091Noun - masculine singularfor themselvesלָהֶ֖םPreposition | third person masculine plural
Verse 32

Original words

Yet nowוְעַתָּ֖הH6258Conjunctive waw | Adverbifאִם־H518ConjunctionYou would only forgiveתִּשָּׂ֣אH5375Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singulartheir sinחַטָּאתָ֑םH2403Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine pluralBut ifוְאִם־H518Conjunctionnotאַ֕יִןH369Adverbpleaseנָ֔אH4994Interjectionblot meמְחֵ֣נִיH4229Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular | first person common singularout of the bookמִֽסִּפְרְךָ֖H5612Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singularthatאֲשֶׁ֥רH834Pronoun - relativeYou have writtenכָּתָֽבְתָּ׃H3789Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singular
Verse 33

Original words

The LORDיְהוָ֖הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularrepliedוַיֹּ֥אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singulartoאֶל־H413PrepositionMosesמֹשֶׁ֑הH4872Noun - proper - masculine singularWhoeverמִ֚יH4310Interrogative-אֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relativehas sinnedחָֽטָא־H2398Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularagainst Meלִ֔יPreposition | first person common singularI will blot outאֶמְחֶ֖נּוּH4229Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singular | third person masculine singularof My bookמִסִּפְרִֽי׃H5612Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular
Verse 34

Original words

Nowוְעַתָּ֞הH6258Conjunctive waw | Adverbgoלֵ֣ךְ׀H1980Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singularleadנְחֵ֣הH5148Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe peopleהָעָ֗םH5971Article | Noun - masculine singularto [the place]אֶ֤לH413Preposition-אֲשֶׁר־H834Pronoun - relativeI describedדִּבַּ֙רְתִּי֙H1696Verb - Piel - Perfect - first person common singular-לָ֔ךְPreposition | second person masculine singularBeholdהִנֵּ֥הH2009InterjectionMy angelמַלְאָכִ֖יH4397Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singularshall goיֵלֵ֣ךְH1980Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singularbefore youלְפָנֶ֑יךָH6440Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct | second person masculine singularBut on the dayוּבְי֣וֹםH3117Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular constructI settle accountsפָּקְדִ֔יH6485Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | first person common singularI will punish themוּפָקַדְתִּ֥יH6485Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular. . .עֲלֵיהֶ֖םH5921Preposition | third person masculine pluralfor their sinחַטָּאתָֽם׃H2403Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine plural
Verse 35

Original words

And the LORDיְהוָ֖הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markersent a plagueוַיִּגֹּ֥ףH5062Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularon the peopleהָעָ֑םH5971Article | Noun - masculine singularbecause ofעַ֚לH5921Prepositionwhatאֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relativethey had doneעָשׂ֣וּH6213Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markerwith the calfהָעֵ֔גֶלH5695Article | Noun - masculine singularthatאֲשֶׁ֥רH834Pronoun - relativeAaronאַהֲרֹֽן׃סH175Noun - proper - masculine singularhad madeעָשָׂ֖הH6213Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.