Focused Passage

Judges 19:10-14

Gibeah's Outrage: Covenant Hospitality Collapses into Horror

Judges 19 descends from attempted household reconciliation into national moral horror, showing that when there is no righteous covenant rule, Israelite society can become unsafe for the vulnerable, brutal toward women, and numb to the LORD's holy standards.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

10But the man was unwilling to spend the night. He got up and departed, and arrived opposite Jebus (that is, Jerusalem), with his two saddled donkeys and his concubine.

11When they were near Jebus and the day was almost gone, the servant said to his master, “Please, let us stop at this Jebusite city and spend the night here.”

12But his master replied, “We will not turn aside to the city of foreigners, where there are no Israelites. We will go on to Gibeah.”

13He continued, “Come, let us try to reach one of these towns to spend the night in Gibeah or Ramah.”

14So they continued on their journey, and the sun set as they neared Gibeah in Benjamin.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 10

Original words

But the manהָאִישׁ֙H376Article | Noun - masculine singularwas unwillingוְלֹֽא־H3808Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle. . .אָבָ֤הH14Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularto spend the nightלָל֔וּןH3885Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructHe got upוַיָּ֣קָםH6965Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularand departedוַיֵּ֗לֶךְH1980Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularand arrivedוַיָּבֹא֙H935Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .עַד־H5704Prepositionoppositeנֹ֣כַחH5227PrepositionJebusיְב֔וּסH2982Noun - proper - feminine singular(that isהִ֖יאH1931Pronoun - third person feminine singularJerusalem)יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑םH3389Noun - proper - feminine singularwithוְעִמּ֗וֹH5973Conjunctive waw | Preposition | third person masculine singularhis twoצֶ֤מֶדH6776Noun - masculine singular constructsaddledחֲבוּשִׁ֔יםH2280Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine pluraldonkeysחֲמוֹרִים֙H2543Noun - masculine pluraland his concubineוּפִילַגְשׁ֖וֹH6370Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular-עִמּֽוֹ׃H5973Preposition | third person masculine singular
Verse 11

Original words

When theyהֵ֣םH1992Pronoun - third person masculine pluralwere nearעִם־H5973PrepositionJebusיְב֔וּסH2982Noun - proper - feminine singularand the dayוְהַיּ֖וֹםH3117Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - masculine singularwas almostמְאֹ֑דH3966Adverbgoneרַ֣דH3381Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularthe servantהַנַּ֜עַרH5288Article | Noun - masculine singularsaidוַיֹּ֨אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singulartoאֶל־H413Prepositionhis masterאֲדֹנָ֗יוH113Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular. . .לְכָה־H1980Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular | third person feminine singularPleaseנָּ֛אH4994Interjectionlet us stopוְנָס֛וּרָהH5493Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative - first person common pluralatאֶל־H413Prepositionthisהַזֹּ֖אתH2063Article | Pronoun - feminine singularJebusiteהַיְבוּסִ֥יH2983Article | Noun - proper - masculine singularcityעִֽיר־H5892Noun - feminine singular constructand spend the nightוְנָלִ֥יןH3885Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative if contextual - first person common pluralhereבָּֽהּ׃Preposition | third person feminine singular
Verse 12

Original words

But his masterאֲדֹנָ֔יוH113Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singularrepliedוַיֹּ֤אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular-אֵלָיו֙H413Preposition | third person masculine singularWe will notלֹ֤אH3808Adverb - Negative particleturn asideנָסוּר֙H5493Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common pluraltoאֶל־H413Prepositionthe cityעִ֣ירH5892Noun - feminine singularof foreignersנָכְרִ֔יH5237Adjective - masculine singularwhereאֲשֶׁ֛רH834Pronoun - relativethere are noלֹֽא־H3808Adverb - Negative particleIsraelitesמִבְּנֵ֥יH1121Preposition-m | Noun - masculine plural construct. . .יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singular. . .הֵ֑נָּהH2007Pronoun - third person feminine pluralWe will go onוְעָבַ֖רְנוּH5674Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - first person common pluraltoעַד־H5704PrepositionGibeahגִּבְעָֽה׃H1390Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 13

Original words

He continuedוַיֹּ֣אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular-לְנַעֲר֔וֹH5288Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularComeלְךָ֥H1980Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singularlet us try to reachוְנִקְרְבָ֖הH7126Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative - first person common pluraloneבְּאַחַ֣דH259Preposition-b | Number - masculine singular constructof these townsהַמְּקֹמ֑וֹתH4725Article | Noun - masculine pluralto spend the nightוְלַ֥נּוּH3885Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - first person common pluralin Gibeahבַגִּבְעָ֖הH1390Preposition-b, Article | Noun - proper - feminine singularorא֥וֹH176ConjunctionRamahבָרָמָֽה׃H7414Preposition-b, Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 14

Original words

So they continuedוַיֵּלֵ֑כוּH1980Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralon their journeyוַיַּעַבְר֖וּH5674Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluraland the sunהַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁH8121Article | Noun - common singularsetוַתָּבֹ֤אH935Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singularas they nearedאֵ֥צֶלH681PrepositionGibeahהַגִּבְעָ֖הH1390Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular-אֲשֶׁ֥רH834Pronoun - relativein Benjaminלְבִנְיָמִֽן׃H1144Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular

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