Focused Passage

Hebrews 1:1-4

The Son Who Speaks, Reigns, and Surpasses the Angels

God has spoken climactically in his Son, whose divine identity, saving work, enthronement, and superiority over angels establish the foundation for the whole exhortation of Hebrews.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1 On many past occasions and in many different ways, God spoke to our fathers through the prophets.

2 But in these last days He has spoken to us by His Son, whom He appointed heir of all things, and through whom He made the universe.

3 The Son is the radiance of God’s glory and the exact representation of His nature, upholding all things by His powerful word. After He had provided purification for sins, He sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high.

4 So He became as far superior to the angels as the name He has inherited is excellent beyond theirs.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Cross-references

Colossians 1:15 BSB references 2 Peter 1:20 Classic cross-references Hebrews 2:1 Classic cross-references Joel 2:28 Classic cross-references Numbers 12:6 Classic cross-references Luke 24:27 Classic cross-references 1 Peter 2:24 OliveGrove study links 2 Corinthians 4:6 OliveGrove study links Colossians 1:15-20 OliveGrove study links

Original words

{On many} past πάλαι G3819 Adverb occasions Πολυμερῶς G4181 Adverb and καὶ G2532 Conjunction in many different ways πολυτρόπως G4187 Adverb - ὁ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular God Θεὸς G2316 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular spoke λαλήσας G2980 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular to [our] τοῖς G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Plural fathers πατράσιν G3962 Noun - Dative Masculine Plural through ἐν G1722 Preposition the τοῖς G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Plural prophets προφήταις G4396 Noun - Dative Masculine Plural

Verse 2

Cross-references

Genesis 1:1 Classic cross-references John 1:3 Classic cross-references 1 Corinthians 8:6 Classic cross-references Colossians 1:16 Classic cross-references John 1:14 Classic cross-references 1 Peter 2:24 OliveGrove study links 2 Corinthians 4:6 OliveGrove study links Colossians 1:15-20 OliveGrove study links

Original words

But in ἐπ’ G1909 Preposition these τούτων G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Genitive Feminine Plural last ἐσχάτου G2078 Adjective - Genitive Neuter Singular - τῶν G3588 Article - Genitive Feminine Plural days ἡμερῶν G2250 Noun - Genitive Feminine Plural He has spoken ἐλάλησεν G2980 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular to us ἡμῖν G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative 1st Person Plural by ἐν G1722 Preposition [His] Son Υἱῷ G5207 Noun - Dative Masculine Singular whom ὃν G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singular He appointed ἔθηκεν G5087 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular heir κληρονόμον G2818 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular of all things πάντων G3956 Adjective - Genitive Neuter Plural and καὶ G2532 Conjunction through δι’ G1223 Preposition whom οὗ G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Genitive Masculine Singular He made ἐποίησεν G4160 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular the τοὺς G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Plural universe αἰῶνας G165 Noun - Accusative Masculine Plural

BSB notes

Or in His Son
Or the world; literally the ages

Verse 3

Cross-references

Colossians 1:15 Classic cross-references John 1:14 Classic cross-references Hebrews 12:2 Classic cross-references Psalms 110:1 Classic cross-references 1 Chronicles 29:11 Classic cross-references 1 Peter 2:24 OliveGrove study links 2 Corinthians 4:6 OliveGrove study links Colossians 1:15-20 OliveGrove study links

Original words

[The Son] ὃς G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular is ὢν G1510 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular [the] radiance ἀπαύγασμα G541 Noun - Nominative Neuter Singular of [God’s] τῆς G3588 Article - Genitive Feminine Singular glory δόξης G1391 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction [the] exact representation χαρακτὴρ G5481 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular of τῆς G3588 Article - Genitive Feminine Singular His αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular nature ὑποστάσεως G5287 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular - τε G5037 Conjunction upholding φέρων G5342 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular - τὰ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Plural all things πάντα G3956 Adjective - Accusative Neuter Plural by τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Neuter Singular vvv τῆς G3588 Article - Genitive Feminine Singular His αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular powerful δυνάμεως G1411 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular word ῥήματι G4487 Noun - Dative Neuter Singular [After] δι’ G1223 Preposition He had provided ποιησάμενος G4160 Verb - Aorist Participle Middle - Nominative Masculine Singular purification καθαρισμὸν G2512 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular - τῶν G3588 Article - Genitive Feminine Plural for sins ἁμαρτιῶν G266 Noun - Genitive Feminine Plural He sat down ἐκάθισεν G2523 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular at ἐν G1722 Preposition [the] right hand δεξιᾷ G1188 Adjective - Dative Feminine Singular of the τῆς G3588 Article - Genitive Feminine Singular Majesty Μεγαλωσύνης G3172 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular on ἐν G1722 Preposition high ὑψηλοῖς G5308 Adjective - Dative Masculine Plural

Verse 4

Cross-references

Ephesians 1:21 Classic cross-references Philippians 2:9 Classic cross-references 1 Peter 3:22 Classic cross-references Hebrews 2:9 Classic cross-references Revelation 5:11 Classic cross-references 1 Peter 2:24 OliveGrove study links 2 Corinthians 4:6 OliveGrove study links Colossians 1:15-20 OliveGrove study links

Original words

[So] He became γενόμενος G1096 Verb - Aorist Participle Middle - Nominative Masculine Singular as far τοσούτῳ G5118 Demonstrative Pronoun - Dative Neuter Singular superior κρείττων G2909 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular - Comparative to the τῶν G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Plural angels ἀγγέλων G32 Noun - Genitive Masculine Plural as ὅσῳ G3745 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Dative Neuter Singular [the] name ὄνομα G3686 Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular He has inherited κεκληρονόμηκεν G2816 Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular [is] excellent διαφορώτερον G1313 Adjective - Accusative Neuter Singular - Comparative beyond παρ’ G3844 Preposition theirs αὐτοὺς G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Plural

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