Focused Passage

Jeremiah 38:1-6

Jeremiah in the Cistern and Zedekiah’s Fearful Refusal

The chapter moves from Jeremiah's public word of life through surrender, to the officials' demand for his death, to his lowering into the cistern, to Ebed-Melek's courageous rescue, to Zedekiah's secret consultation, to Jeremiah's final warning, and finally to Jeremiah's guarded confinement until Jerusalem falls.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1 Now Shephatiah son of Mattan, Gedaliah son of Pashhur, Jucal son of Shelemiah, and Pashhur son of Malchijah heard that Jeremiah had been telling all the people:

2 “This is what the LORD says: Whoever stays in this city will die by sword and famine and plague, but whoever surrenders to the Chaldeans will live; he will retain his life like a spoil of war, and he will live.

3 This is what the LORD says: This city will surely be delivered into the hands of the army of the king of Babylon, and he will capture it.”

4 Then the officials said to the king, “This man ought to die, for he is discouraging the warriors who remain in this city, as well as all the people, by speaking such words to them; this man is not seeking the well-being of these people, but their ruin.”

5 “Here he is,” replied King Zedekiah. “He is in your hands, since the king can do nothing to stop you.”

6 So they took Jeremiah and dropped him into the cistern of Malchiah, the king’s son, which was in the courtyard of the guard. They lowered Jeremiah with ropes into the cistern, which had no water but only mud, and Jeremiah sank down into the mud.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Original words

Now Shephatiah שְׁפַטְיָ֣ה H8203 Noun - proper - masculine singular son בֶן־ H1121 Noun - masculine singular construct of Mattan מַתָּ֗ן H4977 Noun - proper - masculine singular Gedaliah וּגְדַלְיָ֙הוּ֙ H1436 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular son בֶּן־ H1121 Noun - masculine singular construct of Pashhur פַּשְׁח֔וּר H6583 Noun - proper - masculine singular Jucal וְיוּכַל֙ H3116 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular son בֶּן־ H1121 Noun - masculine singular construct of Shelemiah שֶׁ֣לֶמְיָ֔הוּ H8018 Noun - proper - masculine singular and Pashhur וּפַשְׁח֖וּר H6583 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular son בֶּן־ H1121 Noun - masculine singular construct of Malchijah מַלְכִּיָּ֑ה H4441 Noun - proper - masculine singular - אֶ֨ת־ H853 Direct object marker heard וַיִּשְׁמַ֞ע H8085 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular - הַדְּבָרִ֔ים H1697 Article | Noun - masculine plural that אֲשֶׁ֧ר H834 Pronoun - relative Jeremiah יִרְמְיָ֛הוּ H3414 Noun - proper - masculine singular had been telling מְדַבֵּ֥ר H1696 Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine singular . . . אֶל־ H413 Preposition all כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct the people הָעָ֖ם H5971 Article | Noun - masculine singular - לֵאמֹֽר׃ס H559 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct

BSB notes

  • Jucal is a variant of Jehucal; see Jeremiah 37:3.
Verse 2

Original words

This is what כֹּה֮ H3541 Adverb the LORD יְהוָה֒ H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular says אָמַ֣ר H559 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular Whoever stays הַיֹּשֵׁב֙ H3427 Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular in this הַזֹּ֔את H2063 Article | Pronoun - feminine singular city בָּעִ֣יר H5892 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singular will die יָמ֕וּת H4191 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular by sword בַּחֶ֖רֶב H2719 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singular and famine בָּרָעָ֣ב H7458 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular and plague וּבַדָּ֑בֶר H1698 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular but whoever surrenders וְהַיֹּצֵ֤א H3318 Conjunctive waw, Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular to אֶל־ H413 Preposition the Chaldeans הַכַּשְׂדִּים֙ H3778 Article | Noun - proper - masculine plural will live יִחְיֶה H2421 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular he will retain וְהָיְתָה־ H1961 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person feminine singular his life נַפְשׁ֛וֹ H5315 Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular like a spoil of war לְשָׁלָ֖ל H7998 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular and he will live וָחָֽי׃ס H2421 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular

BSB notes

  • That is, the Babylonians; also in verses 18, 19, and 23
Verse 3

Original words

This is what כֹּ֖ה H3541 Adverb the LORD יְהוָ֑ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular says אָמַ֣ר H559 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular This הַזֹּ֗את H2063 Article | Pronoun - feminine singular city הָעִ֣יר H5892 Article | Noun - feminine singular will surely be delivered הִנָּתֹ֨ן H5414 Verb - Nifal - Infinitive absolute . . . תִּנָּתֵ֜ן H5414 Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person feminine singular into the hands בְּיַ֛ד H3027 Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct of the army חֵ֥יל H2428 Noun - masculine singular construct of the king מֶֽלֶךְ־ H4428 Noun - masculine singular of Babylon בָּבֶ֖ל H894 Noun - proper - feminine singular and he will capture it וּלְכָדָֽהּ׃ H3920 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular | third person feminine singular
Verse 4

Original words

Then the officials הַשָּׂרִ֜ים H8269 Article | Noun - masculine plural said וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural to אֶל־ H413 Preposition the king הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ H4428 Article | Noun - masculine singular This הַזֶּה֒ H2088 Article | Pronoun - masculine singular man הָאִ֣ישׁ H376 Article | Noun - masculine singular ought to die י֣וּמַת H4191 Verb - Hofal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular . . . נָא֮ H4994 Interjection - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker for כִּֽי־ H3588 Conjunction . . . עַל־ H5921 Preposition . . . כֵּ֡ן H3651 Adverb he הֽוּא־ H1931 Pronoun - third person masculine singular is discouraging מְרַפֵּ֡א H7503 Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker - יְדֵי֩ H3027 Noun - feminine dual construct the warriors אַנְשֵׁ֨י H582 Noun - masculine plural construct . . . הַמִּלְחָמָ֜ה H4421 Article | Noun - feminine singular who remain הַֽנִּשְׁאָרִ֣ים׀ H7604 Article | Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine plural in this הַזֹּ֗את H2063 Article | Pronoun - feminine singular - וְאֵת֙ H853 Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker - יְדֵ֣י H3027 Noun - feminine dual construct city בָּעִ֣יר H5892 Preposition, Article | Noun - feminine singular as well as all כָל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct the people הָעָ֔ם H5971 Article | Noun - masculine singular by speaking לְדַבֵּ֣ר H1696 Preposition | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct such הָאֵ֑לֶּה H428 Article | Pronoun - common plural words כַּדְּבָרִ֖ים H1697 Preposition, Article | Noun - masculine plural to them אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם H413 Preposition | third person masculine plural כִּ֣י׀ כִּ֣י׀ H3588 Conjunction this הַזֶּ֗ה H2088 Article | Pronoun - masculine singular man הָאִ֣ישׁ H376 Article | Noun - masculine singular is not אֵינֶ֨נּוּ H369 Adverb | third person masculine singular seeking דֹרֵ֧שׁ H1875 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular the well-being לְשָׁל֛וֹם H7965 Preposition | Noun - masculine singular of these הַזֶּ֖ה H2088 Article | Pronoun - masculine singular people לָעָ֥ם H5971 Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular but כִּ֥י H3588 Conjunction . . . אִם־ H518 Conjunction their ruin לְרָעָֽה׃ H7451 Preposition-l | Adjective - feminine singular
Verse 5

Original words

Here הִנֵּה־ H2009 Interjection he is ה֖וּא H1931 Pronoun - third person masculine singular replied וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular King הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ H4428 Article | Noun - masculine singular Zedekiah צִדְקִיָּ֔הוּ H6667 Noun - proper - masculine singular He is in your hands בְּיֶדְכֶ֑ם H3027 Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine plural since כִּֽי־ H3588 Conjunction the king הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ H4428 Article | Noun - masculine singular can do nothing אֵ֣ין H369 Adverb . . . יוּכַ֥ל H3201 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular - אֶתְכֶ֖ם H853 Preposition | second person masculine plural to stop you דָּבָֽר׃ H1697 Noun - masculine singular
Verse 6

Original words

So they took וַיִּקְח֣וּ H3947 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural - אֶֽת־ H853 Direct object marker Jeremiah יִרְמְיָ֗הוּ H3414 Noun - proper - masculine singular and dropped וַיַּשְׁלִ֨כוּ H7993 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural him אֹת֜וֹ H853 Direct object marker | third person masculine singular into אֶל־ H413 Preposition the cistern הַבּ֣וֹר׀ H953 Article | Noun - masculine singular construct of Malchiah מַלְכִּיָּ֣הוּ H4441 Noun - proper - masculine singular the king’s הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ H4428 Article | Noun - masculine singular son בֶן־ H1121 Noun - masculine singular construct which אֲשֶׁר֙ H834 Pronoun - relative was in the courtyard בַּחֲצַ֣ר H2691 Preposition-b | Noun - common singular construct of the guard הַמַּטָּרָ֔ה H4307 Article | Noun - feminine singular They lowered וַיְשַׁלְּח֥וּ H7971 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural - אֶֽת־ H853 Direct object marker Jeremiah יִרְמְיָ֖הוּ H3414 Noun - proper - masculine singular with ropes בַּחֲבָלִ֑ים H2256 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine plural into the cistern וּבַבּ֤וֹר H953 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular which had no אֵֽין־ H369 Adverb water מַ֙יִם֙ H4325 Noun - masculine plural but only כִּ֣י H3588 Conjunction . . . אִם־ H518 Conjunction mud טִ֔יט H2916 Noun - masculine singular and Jeremiah יִרְמְיָ֖הוּ H3414 Noun - proper - masculine singular sank down וַיִּטְבַּ֥ע H2883 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular into the mud בַּטִּֽיט׃ס H2916 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular

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