Focused Passage

Jeremiah 38:1-6

Jeremiah in the Cistern and Zedekiah’s Fearful Refusal

The chapter moves from Jeremiah's public word of life through surrender, to the officials' demand for his death, to his lowering into the cistern, to Ebed-Melek's courageous rescue, to Zedekiah's secret consultation, to Jeremiah's final warning, and finally to Jeremiah's guarded confinement until Jerusalem falls.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1Now Shephatiah son of Mattan, Gedaliah son of Pashhur, Jucal son of Shelemiah, and Pashhur son of Malchijah heard that Jeremiah had been telling all the people:

2“This is what the LORD says: Whoever stays in this city will die by sword and famine and plague, but whoever surrenders to the Chaldeans will live; he will retain his life like a spoil of war, and he will live.

3This is what the LORD says: This city will surely be delivered into the hands of the army of the king of Babylon, and he will capture it.”

4Then the officials said to the king, “This man ought to die, for he is discouraging the warriors who remain in this city, as well as all the people, by speaking such words to them; this man is not seeking the well-being of these people, but their ruin.”

5“Here he is,” replied King Zedekiah. “He is in your hands, since the king can do nothing to stop you.”

6So they took Jeremiah and dropped him into the cistern of Malchiah, the king’s son, which was in the courtyard of the guard. They lowered Jeremiah with ropes into the cistern, which had no water but only mud, and Jeremiah sank down into the mud.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Original words

Now Shephatiahשְׁפַטְיָ֣הH8203Noun - proper - masculine singularsonבֶן־H1121Noun - masculine singular constructof Mattanמַתָּ֗ןH4977Noun - proper - masculine singularGedaliahוּגְדַלְיָ֙הוּ֙H1436Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singularsonבֶּן־H1121Noun - masculine singular constructof Pashhurפַּשְׁח֔וּרH6583Noun - proper - masculine singularJucalוְיוּכַל֙H3116Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singularsonבֶּן־H1121Noun - masculine singular constructof Shelemiahשֶׁ֣לֶמְיָ֔הוּH8018Noun - proper - masculine singularand Pashhurוּפַשְׁח֖וּרH6583Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singularsonבֶּן־H1121Noun - masculine singular constructof Malchijahמַלְכִּיָּ֑הH4441Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֶ֨ת־H853Direct object markerheardוַיִּשְׁמַ֞עH8085Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular-הַדְּבָרִ֔יםH1697Article | Noun - masculine pluralthatאֲשֶׁ֧רH834Pronoun - relativeJeremiahיִרְמְיָ֛הוּH3414Noun - proper - masculine singularhad been tellingמְדַבֵּ֥רH1696Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine singular. . .אֶל־H413Prepositionallכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructthe peopleהָעָ֖םH5971Article | Noun - masculine singular-לֵאמֹֽר׃סH559Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct

BSB notes

  • Jucal is a variant of Jehucal; see Jeremiah 37:3.
Verse 2

Original words

This is whatכֹּה֮H3541Adverbthe LORDיְהוָה֒H3068Noun - proper - masculine singularsaysאָמַ֣רH559Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularWhoever staysהַיֹּשֵׁב֙H3427Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularin thisהַזֹּ֔אתH2063Article | Pronoun - feminine singularcityבָּעִ֣ירH5892Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singularwill dieיָמ֕וּתH4191Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singularby swordבַּחֶ֖רֶבH2719Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singularand famineבָּרָעָ֣בH7458Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singularand plagueוּבַדָּ֑בֶרH1698Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singularbut whoever surrendersוְהַיֹּצֵ֤אH3318Conjunctive waw, Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singulartoאֶל־H413Prepositionthe Chaldeansהַכַּשְׂדִּים֙H3778Article | Noun - proper - masculine pluralwill liveיִחְיֶהH2421Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singularhe will retainוְהָיְתָה־H1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person feminine singularhis lifeנַפְשׁ֛וֹH5315Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singularlike a spoil of warלְשָׁלָ֖לH7998Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singularand he will liveוָחָֽי׃סH2421Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular

BSB notes

  • That is, the Babylonians; also in verses 18, 19, and 23
Verse 3

Original words

This is whatכֹּ֖הH3541Adverbthe LORDיְהוָ֑הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularsaysאָמַ֣רH559Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularThisהַזֹּ֗אתH2063Article | Pronoun - feminine singularcityהָעִ֣ירH5892Article | Noun - feminine singularwill surely be deliveredהִנָּתֹ֨ןH5414Verb - Nifal - Infinitive absolute. . .תִּנָּתֵ֜ןH5414Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person feminine singularinto the handsבְּיַ֛דH3027Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular constructof the armyחֵ֥ילH2428Noun - masculine singular constructof the kingמֶֽלֶךְ־H4428Noun - masculine singularof Babylonבָּבֶ֖לH894Noun - proper - feminine singularand he will capture itוּלְכָדָֽהּ׃H3920Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular | third person feminine singular
Verse 4

Original words

Then the officialsהַשָּׂרִ֜יםH8269Article | Noun - masculine pluralsaidוַיֹּאמְר֨וּH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluraltoאֶל־H413Prepositionthe kingהַמֶּ֗לֶךְH4428Article | Noun - masculine singularThisהַזֶּה֒H2088Article | Pronoun - masculine singularmanהָאִ֣ישׁH376Article | Noun - masculine singularought to dieי֣וּמַתH4191Verb - Hofal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .נָא֮H4994Interjection-אֶת־H853Direct object markerforכִּֽי־H3588Conjunction. . .עַל־H5921Preposition. . .כֵּ֡ןH3651Adverbheהֽוּא־H1931Pronoun - third person masculine singularis discouragingמְרַפֵּ֡אH7503Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object marker-יְדֵי֩H3027Noun - feminine dual constructthe warriorsאַנְשֵׁ֨יH582Noun - masculine plural construct. . .הַמִּלְחָמָ֜הH4421Article | Noun - feminine singularwho remainהַֽנִּשְׁאָרִ֣ים׀H7604Article | Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine pluralin thisהַזֹּ֗אתH2063Article | Pronoun - feminine singular-וְאֵת֙H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker-יְדֵ֣יH3027Noun - feminine dual constructcityבָּעִ֣ירH5892Preposition, Article | Noun - feminine singularas well as allכָל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructthe peopleהָעָ֔םH5971Article | Noun - masculine singularby speakingלְדַבֵּ֣רH1696Preposition | Verb - Piel - Infinitive constructsuchהָאֵ֑לֶּהH428Article | Pronoun - common pluralwordsכַּדְּבָרִ֖יםH1697Preposition, Article | Noun - masculine pluralto themאֲלֵיהֶ֔םH413Preposition | third person masculine pluralכִּ֣י׀כִּ֣י׀H3588Conjunctionthisהַזֶּ֗הH2088Article | Pronoun - masculine singularmanהָאִ֣ישׁH376Article | Noun - masculine singularis notאֵינֶ֨נּוּH369Adverb | third person masculine singularseekingדֹרֵ֧שׁH1875Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularthe well-beingלְשָׁל֛וֹםH7965Preposition | Noun - masculine singularof theseהַזֶּ֖הH2088Article | Pronoun - masculine singularpeopleלָעָ֥םH5971Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singularbutכִּ֥יH3588Conjunction. . .אִם־H518Conjunctiontheir ruinלְרָעָֽה׃H7451Preposition-l | Adjective - feminine singular
Verse 5

Original words

Hereהִנֵּה־H2009Interjectionhe isה֖וּאH1931Pronoun - third person masculine singularrepliedוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙H559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularKingהַמֶּ֣לֶךְH4428Article | Noun - masculine singularZedekiahצִדְקִיָּ֔הוּH6667Noun - proper - masculine singularHe is in your handsבְּיֶדְכֶ֑םH3027Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine pluralsinceכִּֽי־H3588Conjunctionthe kingהַמֶּ֔לֶךְH4428Article | Noun - masculine singularcan do nothingאֵ֣יןH369Adverb. . .יוּכַ֥לH3201Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular-אֶתְכֶ֖םH853Preposition | second person masculine pluralto stop youדָּבָֽר׃H1697Noun - masculine singular
Verse 6

Original words

So they tookוַיִּקְח֣וּH3947Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural-אֶֽת־H853Direct object markerJeremiahיִרְמְיָ֗הוּH3414Noun - proper - masculine singularand droppedוַיַּשְׁלִ֨כוּH7993Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralhimאֹת֜וֹH853Direct object marker | third person masculine singularintoאֶל־H413Prepositionthe cisternהַבּ֣וֹר׀H953Article | Noun - masculine singular constructof Malchiahמַלְכִּיָּ֣הוּH4441Noun - proper - masculine singularthe king’sהַמֶּ֗לֶךְH4428Article | Noun - masculine singularsonבֶן־H1121Noun - masculine singular constructwhichאֲשֶׁר֙H834Pronoun - relativewas in the courtyardבַּחֲצַ֣רH2691Preposition-b | Noun - common singular constructof the guardהַמַּטָּרָ֔הH4307Article | Noun - feminine singularThey loweredוַיְשַׁלְּח֥וּH7971Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural-אֶֽת־H853Direct object markerJeremiahיִרְמְיָ֖הוּH3414Noun - proper - masculine singularwith ropesבַּחֲבָלִ֑יםH2256Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine pluralinto the cisternוּבַבּ֤וֹרH953Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singularwhich had noאֵֽין־H369Adverbwaterמַ֙יִם֙H4325Noun - masculine pluralbut onlyכִּ֣יH3588Conjunction. . .אִם־H518Conjunctionmudטִ֔יטH2916Noun - masculine singularand Jeremiahיִרְמְיָ֖הוּH3414Noun - proper - masculine singularsank downוַיִּטְבַּ֥עH2883Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularinto the mudבַּטִּֽיט׃סH2916Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular

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