Focused Passage

Judges 9:34-41

Abimelech's Anti-Kingship: Bloodshed, Treachery, and the Curse Fulfilled

Abimelech turns Gideon's legacy into bloody ambition, kills his brothers, is made king by Shechem, is warned by Jotham's fable, rules three unstable years, destroys the city that enthroned him, and dies under God's retributive judgment as Jotham's curse comes upon Abimelech and Shechem.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

34So Abimelech and all his troops set out by night and lay in wait against Shechem in four companies.

35Now Gaal son of Ebed went out and stood at the entrance of the city gate just as Abimelech and his men came out from their hiding places.

36When Gaal saw the people, he said to Zebul, “Look, people are coming down from the mountains!” But Zebul replied, “The shadows of the mountains look like men to you.”

37Then Gaal spoke up again, “Look, people are coming down from the center of the land, and one company is coming by way of the Diviners’ Oak.”

38“Where is your gloating now?” Zebul replied. “You said, ‘Who is Abimelech that we should serve him?’ Are these not the people you ridiculed? Go out now and fight them!”

39So Gaal went out before the leaders of Shechem and fought against Abimelech,

40but Abimelech pursued him, and Gaal fled before him. And many Shechemites fell wounded all the way to the entrance of the gate.

41Abimelech stayed in Arumah, and Zebul drove Gaal and his brothers out of Shechem.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 34

Original words

So Abimelechאֲבִימֶ֛לֶךְH40Noun - proper - masculine singularand allוְכָל־H3605Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular constructhis troopsהָעָ֥םH5971Article | Noun - masculine singular-אֲשֶׁר־H834Pronoun - relative-עִמּ֖וֹH5973Preposition | third person masculine singularset outוַיָּ֧קָםH6965Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularby nightלָ֑יְלָהH3915Noun - masculine singularand lay in waitוַיֶּאֶרְב֣וּH693Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralagainstעַל־H5921PrepositionShechemשְׁכֶ֔םH7927Noun - proper - feminine singularin fourאַרְבָּעָ֖הH702Number - masculine singularcompaniesרָאשִֽׁים׃H7218Noun - masculine plural
Verse 35

Original words

Now Gaalגַּ֣עַלH1603Noun - proper - masculine singularsonבֶּן־H1121Noun - masculine singular constructof Ebedעֶ֔בֶדH5651Noun - proper - masculine singularwent outוַיֵּצֵא֙H3318Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularand stoodוַיַּעֲמֹ֕דH5975Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularat the entranceפֶּ֖תַחH6607Noun - masculine singular constructof the cityהָעִ֑ירH5892Article | Noun - feminine singulargateשַׁ֣עַרH8179Noun - masculine singular constructjust as Abimelechאֲבִימֶ֛לֶךְH40Noun - proper - masculine singularand his menוְהָעָ֥םH5971Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - masculine singular-אֲשֶׁר־H834Pronoun - relative-אִתּ֖וֹH854Preposition | third person masculine singularcame outוַיָּ֧קָםH6965Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularfromמִן־H4480Prepositiontheir hiding placesהַמַּאְרָֽב׃H3993Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 36

Original words

When Gaalגַּעַל֮H1603Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markersawוַיַּרְא־H7200Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularthe peopleהָעָם֒H5971Article | Noun - masculine singularhe saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singulartoאֶל־H413PrepositionZebulזְבֻ֔לH2083Noun - proper - masculine singularLookהִנֵּה־H2009Interjectionpeopleעָ֣םH5971Noun - masculine singularare coming downיוֹרֵ֔דH3381Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularfrom the mountainsמֵרָאשֵׁ֖יH7218Preposition-m | Noun - masculine plural construct. . .הֶהָרִ֑יםH2022Article | Noun - masculine pluralBut Zebulזְבֻ֔לH2083Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֵ֣תH853Direct object markerrepliedוַיֹּ֤אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .אֵלָיו֙H413Preposition | third person masculine singularThe shadowsצֵ֧לH6738Noun - masculine singular constructof the mountainsהֶהָרִ֛יםH2022Article | Noun - masculine plurallookרֹאֶ֖הH7200Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularlike menכָּאֲנָשִֽׁים׃סH582Preposition-k, Article | Noun - masculine pluralto youאַתָּ֥הH859Pronoun - second person masculine singular
Verse 37

Original words

Then Gaalגַּעַל֮H1603Noun - proper - masculine singularspoke upלְדַבֵּר֒H1696Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct. . .וַיֹּ֕אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularagainוַיֹּ֨סֶףH3254Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .ע֣וֹדH5750AdverbLookהִנֵּה־H2009Interjectionpeopleעָם֙H5971Noun - masculine singularare coming downיֽוֹרְדִ֔יםH3381Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralfromמֵעִ֖םH5973Preposition-mthe centerטַבּ֣וּרH2872Noun - masculine singular constructof the landהָאָ֑רֶץH776Article | Noun - feminine singularand oneאֶחָ֣דH259Number - masculine singularcompanyוְרֹאשׁ־H7218Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singularis comingבָּ֔אH935Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularby way ofמִדֶּ֖רֶךְH1870Preposition-m | Noun - common singular constructthe Diviners’מְעוֹנְנִֽים׃H6049Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine pluralOakאֵל֥וֹןH436Noun - masculine singular construct

BSB notes

  • Literally the navel of the earth
  • Or the Diviners’ Terebinth or the diviners’ tree
Verse 38

Original words

Whereאַיֵּ֨הH346Interrogativeis your gloatingפִ֙יךָ֙H6310Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular-אֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relativenowאֵפ֥וֹאH645ConjunctionZebulזְבֻ֗לH2083Noun - proper - masculine singularrepliedוַיֹּ֨אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .אֵלָ֜יוH413Preposition | third person masculine singularYou saidתֹּאמַ֔רH559Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singularWhoמִ֥יH4310Interrogativeis Abimelechאֲבִימֶ֖לֶךְH40Noun - proper - masculine singularthatכִּ֣יH3588Conjunctionwe should serve himנַעַבְדֶ֑נּוּH5647Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common plural | third person masculine singularAre these notהֲלֹ֨אH3808Adverb - Negative particle. . .זֶ֤הH2088Pronoun - masculine singularthe peopleהָעָם֙H5971Article | Noun - masculine singular-אֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relativeyou ridiculedמָאַ֣סְתָּהH3988Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singularGo outצֵא־H3318Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singularnowעַתָּ֖הH6258Adverb. . .נָ֥אH4994Interjectionand fightוְהִלָּ֥חֶםH3898Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Imperative - masculine singularthemבּֽוֹ׃סPreposition | third person masculine singular
Verse 39

Original words

So Gaalגַ֔עַלH1603Noun - proper - masculine singularwent outוַיֵּ֣צֵאH3318Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularbeforeלִפְנֵ֖יH6440Preposition-l | Noun - common plural constructthe leadersבַּעֲלֵ֣יH1167Noun - masculine plural constructof Shechemשְׁכֶ֑םH7927Noun - proper - feminine singularand foughtוַיִּלָּ֖חֶםH3898Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularagainst Abimelechבַּאֲבִימֶֽלֶךְ׃H40Preposition-b | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Verse 40

Original words

but Abimelechאֲבִימֶ֔לֶךְH40Noun - proper - masculine singularpursued himוַיִּרְדְּפֵ֣הוּH7291Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singularand Gaal fledוַיָּ֖נָסH5127Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularbefore himמִפָּנָ֑יוH6440Preposition-m | Noun - common plural construct | third person masculine singularAnd many [Shechemites]רַבִּ֖יםH7227Adjective - masculine pluralfellוַֽיִּפְּל֛וּH5307Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralwoundedחֲלָלִ֥יםH2491Noun - masculine pluralall the wayעַד־H5704Prepositionto the entranceפֶּ֥תַחH6607Noun - masculine singular constructof the gateהַשָּֽׁעַר׃H8179Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 41

Original words

Abimelechאֲבִימֶ֖לֶךְH40Noun - proper - masculine singularstayedוַיֵּ֥שֶׁבH3427Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularin Arumahבָּארוּמָ֑הH725Preposition-b, Article | Noun - proper - feminine singularand Zebulזְבֻ֛לH2083Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerdroveוַיְגָ֧רֶשׁH1644Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularGaalגַּ֥עַלH1603Noun - proper - masculine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerand his brothersאֶחָ֖יוH251Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singularout ofמִשֶּׁ֥בֶתH3427Preposition-m | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructShechemבִּשְׁכֶֽם׃H7927Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.