Focused Passage

Genesis 32:22-32

Jacob Prepares to Meet Esau, Wrestles with God, and Is Renamed Israel

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

22During the night Jacob got up and took his two wives, his two maidservants, and his eleven sons, and crossed the ford of the Jabbok.

23He took them and sent them across the stream, along with all his possessions.

24So Jacob was left all alone, and there a man wrestled with him until daybreak.

25When the man saw that he could not overpower Jacob, he struck the socket of Jacob’s hip and dislocated it as they wrestled.

26Then the man said, “Let me go, for it is daybreak.” But Jacob replied, “I will not let you go unless you bless me.”

27“What is your name?” the man asked. “Jacob,” he replied.

28Then the man said, “Your name will no longer be Jacob, but Israel, because you have struggled with God and with men, and you have prevailed.”

29And Jacob requested, “Please tell me your name.” But he replied, “Why do you ask my name?” Then he blessed Jacob there.

30So Jacob named the place Peniel, saying, “Indeed, I have seen God face to face, and yet my life was spared.”

31The sun rose above him as he passed by Penuel, and he was limping because of his hip.

32Therefore to this day the Israelites do not eat the tendon attached to the socket of the hip, because the socket of Jacob’s hip was struck near that tendon.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 22

Original words

During the nightבַּלַּ֣יְלָהH3915Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular. . .ה֗וּאH1931Pronoun - third person masculine singularJacob got upוַיָּ֣קָם׀H6965Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularand tookוַיִּקַּ֞חH3947Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerhis twoשְׁתֵּ֤יH8147Number - feminine dual constructwivesנָשָׁיו֙H802Noun - feminine plural construct | third person masculine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerhis twoשְׁתֵּ֣יH8147Number - feminine dual constructmaidservantsשִׁפְחֹתָ֔יוH8198Noun - feminine plural construct | third person masculine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerand his elevenאַחַ֥דH259Number - masculine singular construct. . .עָשָׂ֖רH6240Number - masculine singularsonsיְלָדָ֑יוH3206Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singularand crossedוַֽיַּעֲבֹ֔רH5674Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular-אֵ֖תH853Direct object markerthe fordמַעֲבַ֥רH4569Noun - masculine singular constructof the Jabbokיַבֹּֽק׃H2999Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 23

Original words

He took themוַיִּקָּחֵ֔םH3947Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine pluraland sent them acrossוַיַּֽעֲבִרֵ֖םH5674Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe streamהַנָּ֑חַלH5158Article | Noun - masculine singular. . .וַֽיַּעֲבֵ֖רH5674Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markeralong with all his possessionsאֲשֶׁר־H834Pronoun - relative
Verse 24

Original words

So Jacobיַעֲקֹ֖בH3290Noun - proper - masculine singularwas leftוַיִּוָּתֵ֥רH3498Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularall aloneלְבַדּ֑וֹH905Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularand [there] a manאִישׁ֙H376Noun - masculine singularwrestledוַיֵּאָבֵ֥קH79Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularwith himעִמּ֔וֹH5973Preposition | third person masculine singularuntilעַ֖דH5704Prepositiondaybreakעֲל֥וֹתH5927Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct. . .הַשָּֽׁחַר׃H7837Article | Noun - masculine singular

BSB notes

  • Or Man; here and in verses 25–28; corresponding pronouns may also be capitalized
Verse 25

Original words

When the man sawוַיַּ֗רְאH7200Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularthatכִּ֣יH3588Conjunctionhe could notלֹ֤אH3808Adverb - Negative particleoverpowerיָכֹל֙H3201Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular[Jacob]ל֔וֹPreposition | third person masculine singularhe struckוַיִּגַּ֖עH5060Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularthe socketבְּכַף־H3709Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular constructof Jacob’s hipיְרֵכ֑וֹH3409Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singularand dislocatedוַתֵּ֙קַע֙H3363Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular. . .כַּף־H3709Noun - feminine singular construct[it]יַעֲקֹ֔בH3290Noun - proper - masculine singular. . .יֶ֣רֶךְH3409Noun - feminine singular constructas theyעִמּֽוֹ׃H5973Preposition | third person masculine singularwrestledבְּהֵֽאָבְק֖וֹH79Preposition-b | Verb - Nifal - Infinitive construct | third person masculine singular
Verse 26

Original words

Then [the man] saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularLet me goשַׁלְּחֵ֔נִיH7971Verb - Piel - Imperative - masculine singular | first person common singularforכִּ֥יH3588Conjunctionit is daybreakעָלָ֖הH5927Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular. . .הַשָּׁ֑חַרH7837Article | Noun - masculine singularBut Jacob repliedוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙H559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularI will notלֹ֣אH3808Adverb - Negative particlelet you goאֲשַֽׁלֵּחֲךָ֔H7971Verb - Piel - Imperfect - first person common singular | second person masculine singularunlessכִּ֖יH3588Conjunction. . .אִם־H518Conjunctionyou bless meבֵּרַכְתָּֽנִי׃H1288Verb - Piel - Perfect - second person masculine singular | first person common singular
Verse 27

Original words

Whatמַה־H4100Interrogativeis your nameשְּׁמֶ֑ךָH8034Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singularthe man askedוַיֹּ֥אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .אֵלָ֖יוH413Preposition | third person masculine singularJacobיַעֲקֹֽב׃H3290Noun - proper - masculine singularhe repliedוַיֹּ֖אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Verse 28

Original words

Then [the man] saidוַיֹּ֗אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularYour nameשִׁמְךָ֔H8034Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singularwill noלֹ֤אH3808Adverb - Negative particlelongerעוֹד֙H5750Adverbbeיֵאָמֵ֥רH559Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singularJacobיַעֲקֹב֙H3290Noun - proper - masculine singularbut Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֑לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singular. . .כִּֽי־H3588Conjunctionbecauseכִּ֖יH3588Conjunction. . .אִם־H518Conjunctionyou have struggledשָׂרִ֧יתָH8280Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singularwithעִם־H5973PrepositionGodאֱלֹהִ֛יםH430Noun - masculine pluraland withוְעִם־H5973Conjunctive waw | Prepositionmenאֲנָשִׁ֖יםH376Noun - masculine pluraland you have prevailedוַתּוּכָֽל׃H3201Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - second person masculine singular

BSB notes

  • Jacob means he grasps the heel or he deceives.
  • Israel means he struggles with God.
Verse 29

Original words

And Jacobיַעֲקֹ֗בH3290Noun - proper - masculine singularrequestedוַיִּשְׁאַ֣לH7592Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙H559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularPleaseנָּ֣אH4994Interjectiontell meהַגִּֽידָה־H5046Verb - Hifil - Imperative - masculine singular | third person feminine singularyour nameשְׁמֶ֔ךָH8034Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singularBut he repliedוַיֹּ֕אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularWhyלָ֥מָּהH4100Interrogative. . .זֶּ֖הH2088Pronoun - masculine singulardo you askתִּשְׁאַ֣לH7592Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singularmy nameלִשְׁמִ֑יH8034Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singularThen he blessedוַיְבָ֥רֶךְH1288Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular[Jacob]אֹת֖וֹH853Direct object marker | third person masculine singularthereשָֽׁם׃H8033Adverb
Verse 30

Original words

So Jacobיַעֲקֹ֛בH3290Noun - proper - masculine singularnamedוַיִּקְרָ֧אH7121Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .שֵׁ֥םH8034Noun - masculine singular constructthe placeהַמָּק֖וֹםH4725Article | Noun - masculine singularPenielפְּנִיאֵ֑לH6439Noun - proper - feminine singularsaying, “Indeedכִּֽי־H3588ConjunctionI have seenרָאִ֤יתִיH7200Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singularGodאֱלֹהִים֙H430Noun - masculine pluralfaceפָּנִ֣יםH6440Noun - masculine pluraltoאֶל־H413Prepositionfaceפָּנִ֔יםH6440Noun - masculine pluraland yet my lifeנַפְשִֽׁי׃H5315Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singularwas sparedוַתִּנָּצֵ֖לH5337Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular

BSB notes

  • Peniel means the face of God.
Verse 31

Original words

The sunהַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁH8121Article | Noun - common singularroseוַיִּֽזְרַֽח־H2224Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularabove himל֣וֹPreposition | third person masculine singularasכַּאֲשֶׁ֥רH834Preposition-k | Pronoun - relativehe passed byעָבַ֖רH5674Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerPenuelפְּנוּאֵ֑לH6439Noun - proper - feminine singularand heוְה֥וּאH1931Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - third person masculine singularwas limpingצֹלֵ֖עַH6760Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularbecause ofעַל־H5921Prepositionhis hipיְרֵכֽוֹ׃H3409Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular

BSB notes

  • Penuel is a variant of Peniel; see verse 30.
Verse 32

Original words

Thereforeעַל־H5921Preposition. . .כֵּ֡ןH3651Adverbtoעַ֖דH5704Prepositionthisהַזֶּ֑הH2088Article | Pronoun - masculine singulardayהַיּ֣וֹםH3117Article | Noun - masculine singularthe Israelitesבְנֵֽי־H1121Noun - masculine plural construct. . .יִשְׂרָאֵ֜לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerdo notלֹֽא־H3808Adverb - Negative particleeatיֹאכְל֨וּH398Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine pluralthe tendonגִּ֣ידH1517Noun - masculine singular construct. . .הַנָּשֶׁ֗הH5384Article | Noun - masculine singularattachedאֲשֶׁר֙H834Pronoun - relativetoעַל־H5921Prepositionthe socketכַּ֣ףH3709Noun - feminine singular constructof the hipהַיָּרֵ֔ךְH3409Article | Noun - feminine singularbecauseכִּ֤יH3588Conjunctionthe socketבְּכַף־H3709Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular constructof Jacob’sיַעֲקֹ֔בH3290Noun - proper - masculine singularhipיֶ֣רֶךְH3409Noun - feminine singular constructwas struckנָגַע֙H5060Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularnear that tendonבְּגִ֖ידH1517Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct. . .הַנָּשֶֽׁה׃H5384Article | Noun - masculine singular

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