Focused Passage

Isaiah 5:18-23

The Song of the Vineyard and the Woes Against Covenant Corruption

The chapter moves from the beloved’s vineyard song, to the LORD’s interpretation of Judah as the failed vineyard, to six woes exposing the vineyard’s bad fruit, to the rejection of the LORD’s instruction, and finally to the summoned instrument of judgment.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

18Woe to those who draw iniquity with cords of deceit and pull sin along with cart ropes,

19to those who say, “Let Him hurry and hasten His work so that we may see it! Let the plan of the Holy One of Israel come so that we may know it!”

20Woe to those who call evil good and good evil, who turn darkness to light and light to darkness, who replace bitter with sweet and sweet with bitter.

21Woe to those who are wise in their own eyes and clever in their own sight.

22Woe to those who are heroes in drinking wine and champions in mixing strong drink,

23who acquit the guilty for a bribe and deprive the innocent of justice.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 18

Original words

Woeה֛וֹיH1945Interjectionto those who drawמֹשְׁכֵ֥יH4900Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural constructiniquityהֶֽעָוֺ֖ןH5771Article | Noun - common singularwith cordsבְּחַבְלֵ֣יH2256Preposition-b | Noun - masculine plural constructof deceitהַשָּׁ֑וְאH7723Article | Noun - masculine singularand pull sin alongחַטָּאָֽה׃H2403Noun - feminine singularwith cartהָעֲגָלָ֖הH5699Article | Noun - feminine singularropesוְכַעֲב֥וֹתH5688Conjunctive waw, Preposition-k | Noun - common singular construct
Verse 19

Original words

to those who sayהָאֹמְרִ֗יםH559Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralLet Him hurryיְמַהֵ֧ר׀H4116Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singularand hasten His workמַעֲשֵׂ֖הוּH4639Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular. . .יָחִ֛ישָׁהH2363Verb - Hifil - Imperfect Cohortative - third person masculine singularso thatלְמַ֣עַןH4616Conjunctionwe may see itנִרְאֶ֑הH7200Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common plural. . .וְתִקְרַ֣בH7126Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person feminine singularLet the planעֲצַ֛תH6098Noun - feminine singular constructof the Holyקְד֥וֹשׁH6918Adjective - masculine singular constructOne of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֖לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singularcomeוְתָב֗וֹאָהH935Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperfect Cohortative - third person feminine singularso that we may know itוְנֵדָֽעָה׃סH3045Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative - first person common plural
Verse 20

Original words

Woeה֣וֹיH1945Interjectionto those who callהָאֹמְרִ֥יםH559Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralevilלָרַ֛עH7451Preposition-l, Article | Adjective - masculine singulargoodט֖וֹבH2896Noun - masculine singularand goodוְלַטּ֣וֹבH2896Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singularevilרָ֑עH7451Adjective - masculine singularwho turnשָׂמִ֨יםH7760Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluraldarknessחֹ֤שֶׁךְH2822Noun - masculine singularto lightלְאוֹר֙H216Preposition-l | Noun - common singularand lightוְא֣וֹרH216Conjunctive waw | Noun - common singularto darknessלְחֹ֔שֶׁךְH2822Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singularwho replaceשָׂמִ֥יםH7760Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralbitterמַ֛רH4751Adjective - masculine singularwith sweetלְמָת֖וֹקH4966Preposition-l | Adjective - masculine singularand sweetוּמָת֥וֹקH4966Conjunctive waw | Adjective - masculine singularwith bitterלְמָֽר׃סH4751Preposition-l | Adjective - masculine singular
Verse 21

Original words

Woeה֖וֹיH1945Interjectionto those who are wiseחֲכָמִ֣יםH2450Adjective - masculine pluralin their own eyesבְּעֵֽינֵיהֶ֑םH5869Preposition-b | Noun - cdc | third person masculine pluraland cleverנְבֹנִֽים׃H995Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine pluralinוְנֶ֥גֶדH5048Conjunctive waw | Prepositiontheir own sightפְּנֵיהֶ֖םH6440Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural
Verse 22

Original words

Woeה֕וֹיH1945Interjectionto those who are heroesגִּבּוֹרִ֖יםH1368Adjective - masculine pluralin drinkingלִשְׁתּ֣וֹתH8354Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructwineיָ֑יִןH3196Noun - masculine singularand championsוְאַנְשֵׁי־H582Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct. . .חַ֖יִלH2428Noun - masculine singularin mixingלִמְסֹ֥ךְH4537Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructstrong drinkשֵׁכָֽר׃H7941Noun - masculine singular
Verse 23

Original words

who acquitמַצְדִּיקֵ֥יH6663Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine plural constructthe guiltyרָשָׁ֖עH7563Adjective - masculine singularforעֵ֣קֶבH6118Noun - masculine singular constructa bribeשֹׁ֑חַדH7810Noun - masculine singularand depriveיָסִ֥ירוּH5493Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine pluralthe innocentצַדִּיקִ֖יםH6662Adjective - masculine plural. . .מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃סH4480Preposition | third person masculine singularof justiceוְצִדְקַ֥תH6666Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular construct

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.