Focused Passage

Jeremiah 41:4-10

Mizpah Betrayed: Murder, Fear, and the Drift Toward Egypt

The chapter moves from assassination at Mizpah, to mass slaughter and captivity, to a partial rescue at Gibeon, and finally to the remnant's fear-driven movement toward Egypt.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

4On the second day after the murder of Gedaliah, when no one yet knew about it,

5eighty men who had shaved off their beards, torn their garments, and cut themselves came from Shechem, Shiloh, and Samaria, carrying grain offerings and frankincense for the house of the LORD.

6And Ishmael son of Nethaniah went out from Mizpah to meet them, weeping as he went. When Ishmael encountered the men, he said, “Come to Gedaliah son of Ahikam.”

7And when they came into the city, Ishmael son of Nethaniah and the men with him slaughtered them and threw them into a cistern.

8But ten of the men among them said to Ishmael, “Do not kill us, for we have hidden treasure in the field—wheat, barley, oil, and honey!” So he refrained from killing them with the others.

9Now the cistern into which Ishmael had thrown all the bodies of the men he had struck down along with Gedaliah was a large one that King Asa had made for fear of Baasha king of Israel. Ishmael son of Nethaniah filled it with the slain.

10Then Ishmael took captive all the remnant of the people of Mizpah—the daughters of the king along with all the others who remained in Mizpah—over whom Nebuzaradan captain of the guard had appointed Gedaliah son of Ahikam. Ishmael son of Nethaniah took them captive and set off to cross over to the Ammonites.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 4

Original words

-וַיְהִ֛יH1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularOn the secondהַשֵּׁנִ֖יH8145Article | Number - ordinal masculine singulardayבַּיּ֥וֹםH3117Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singularafter the murderלְהָמִ֣יתH4191Preposition-l | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct-אֶת־H853Direct object markerof Gedaliahגְּדַלְיָ֑הוּH1436Noun - proper - masculine singularwhen noלֹ֥אH3808Adverb - Negative particleoneוְאִ֖ישׁH376Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singularyet knew about itיָדָֽע׃H3045Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular

Verse 5

Cross-references

1 Kings 16:24Classic cross-references 2 Kings 25:9Classic cross-references Deuteronomy 14:1Classic cross-references Jeremiah 16:6Classic cross-references Joshua 18:1Classic cross-references

Original words

eightyשְׁמֹנִ֣יםH8084Number - common plural. . .אִ֔ישׁH376Noun - masculine singularmenאֲ֠נָשִׁיםH582Noun - masculine pluralwho had shaved offמְגֻלְּחֵ֥יH1548Verb - Pual - Participle - masculine plural constructtheir beardsזָקָ֛ןH2206Noun - common singulartornוּקְרֻעֵ֥יH7167Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine plural constructtheir garmentsבְגָדִ֖יםH899Noun - masculine pluraland cut themselvesוּמִתְגֹּֽדְדִ֑יםH1413Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hitpael - Participle - masculine pluralcameוַיָּבֹ֣אוּH935Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralfrom Shechemמִשְּׁכֶ֞םH7927Preposition-m | Noun - proper - feminine singularShilohמִשִּׁל֤וֹH7887Preposition-m | Noun - proper - feminine singularand Samariaוּמִשֹּֽׁמְרוֹן֙H8111Conjunctive waw, Preposition-m | Noun - proper - feminine singularvvvבְּיָדָ֔םH3027Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine pluralcarryingלְהָבִ֖יאH935Preposition-l | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive constructgrain offeringsוּמִנְחָ֤הH4503Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singularand frankincenseוּלְבוֹנָה֙H3828Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singularfor the houseבֵּ֥יתH1004Noun - masculine singular constructof the LORDיְהוָֽה׃H3068Noun - proper - masculine singular

Verse 6

Cross-references

2 Samuel 3:16Classic cross-references Jeremiah 50:4Classic cross-references

Original words

And Ishmaelיִשְׁמָעֵ֨אלH3458Noun - proper - masculine singularsonבֶּן־H1121Noun - masculine singular constructof Nethaniahנְתַנְיָ֤הH5418Noun - proper - masculine singularwent outוַ֠יֵּצֵאH3318Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularfromמִן־H4480PrepositionMizpahהַמִּצְפָּ֔הH4709Article | Noun - proper - feminine singularto meet themלִקְרָאתָם֙H7122Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | third person masculine pluralweepingוּבֹכֶ֑הH1058Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular. . .וַֽיְהִי֙H1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularas he wentהֹלֵ֥ךְH1980Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular. . .הָלֹ֖ךְH1980Verb - Qal - Infinitive absoluteWhen [Ishmael] encountered [the men]כִּפְגֹ֣שׁH6298Preposition-k | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct-אֹתָ֔םH853Direct object marker | third person masculine pluralhe saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularComeבֹּ֖אוּH935Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural. . .אֶל־H413Prepositiontoאֲלֵיהֶ֔םH413Preposition | third person masculine pluralGedaliahגְּדַלְיָ֥הוּH1436Noun - proper - masculine singularsonבֶן־H1121Noun - masculine singular constructof Ahikamאֲחִיקָֽם׃סH296Noun - proper - masculine singular

Verse 7

Cross-references

Isaiah 14:19Classic cross-references Ezekiel 22:27Classic cross-references Isaiah 59:7Classic cross-references Psalms 55:23Classic cross-references

Original words

-וַיְהִ֕יH1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularAnd when they cameכְּבוֹאָ֖םH935Preposition-k | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | third person masculine pluralintoאֶל־H413Preposition. . .תּ֣וֹךְH8432Noun - masculine singular constructthe cityהָעִ֑ירH5892Article | Noun - feminine singularIshmaelיִשְׁמָעֵ֤אלH3458Noun - proper - masculine singularsonבֶּן־H1121Noun - masculine singular constructof Nethaniahנְתַנְיָה֙H5418Noun - proper - masculine singularand the menוְהָאֲנָשִׁ֥יםH582Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - masculine plural-אֲשֶׁר־H834Pronoun - relativewith himאִתּֽוֹ׃H854Preposition | third person masculine singularslaughtered themוַיִּשְׁחָטֵ֞םH7819Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine pluraland threw them intoאֶל־H413Preposition. . .תּ֣וֹךְH8432Noun - masculine singular constructa cisternהַבּ֔וֹרH953Article | Noun - masculine singular. . .ה֖וּאH1931Pronoun - third person masculine singular

Verse 8

Cross-references

Isaiah 45:3Classic cross-references Job 2:4Classic cross-references Proverbs 21:20Classic cross-references Proverbs 13:8Classic cross-references

Original words

But tenוַעֲשָׂרָ֨הH6235Conjunctive waw | Number - masculine singularof the menאֲנָשִׁ֜יםH582Noun - masculine pluralנִמְצְאוּ־נִמְצְאוּ־H4672Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common pluralamong themבָ֗םPreposition | third person masculine pluralsaidוַיֹּאמְר֤וּH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluraltoאֶל־H413PrepositionIshmaelיִשְׁמָעֵאל֙H3458Noun - proper - masculine singularDo notאַל־H408Adverbkill usתְּמִתֵ֔נוּH4191Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - second person masculine singular | first person common pluralforכִּֽי־H3588Conjunctionwe haveיֶשׁ־H3426Adverbhidden treasureמַטְמֹנִים֙H4301Noun - masculine pluralin the fieldבַּשָּׂדֶ֔הH7704Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singularwheatחִטִּ֥יםH2406Noun - feminine pluralbarleyוּשְׂעֹרִ֖יםH8184Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine pluraloilוְשֶׁ֣מֶןH8081Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singularand honeyוּדְבָ֑שׁH1706Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singularSo he refrainedוַיֶּחְדַּ֕לH2308Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .וְלֹ֥אH3808Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particlefrom killing themהֱמִיתָ֖םH4191Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine pluralwithבְּת֥וֹךְH8432Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular constructthe othersאֲחֵיהֶֽם׃H251Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural

Verse 9

Cross-references

Isaiah 14:19Classic cross-references 1 Kings 15:17Classic cross-references 1 Samuel 13:6Classic cross-references 2 Chronicles 16:1Classic cross-references 2 Samuel 17:9Classic cross-references

Original words

Now the cisternוְהַבּ֗וֹרH953Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - masculine singularinto whichאֲשֶׁר֩H834Pronoun - relativeIshmaelיִשְׁמָעֵאל֙H3458Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֵ֣ת׀H853Direct object markerhad thrownהִשְׁלִ֨יךְH7993Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular. . .שָׁ֤םH8033Adverballכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructthe bodiesפִּגְרֵ֣יH6297Noun - masculine plural constructof the menהָאֲנָשִׁ֗יםH582Article | Noun - masculine pluralhe had struck downהִכָּה֙H5221Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singularalong withבְּיַד־H3027Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular constructGedaliahגְּדַלְיָ֔הוּH1436Noun - proper - masculine singular. . .ה֗וּאH1931Pronoun - third person masculine singular-אֲשֶׁ֤רH834Pronoun - relativewas a large one thatאֲשֶׁ֤רH834Pronoun - relativeKingהַמֶּ֣לֶךְH4428Article | Noun - masculine singularAsaאָסָ֔אH609Noun - proper - masculine singularhad madeעָשָׂה֙H6213Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularfor fearמִפְּנֵ֖יH6440Preposition-m | Noun - common plural constructof Baashaבַּעְשָׁ֣אH1201Noun - proper - masculine singularkingמֶֽלֶךְ־H4428Noun - masculine singular constructof Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֑לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֹת֗וֹH853Direct object marker | third person masculine singularIshmaelיִשְׁמָעֵ֥אלH3458Noun - proper - masculine singularsonבֶּן־H1121Noun - masculine singular constructof Nethaniahנְתַנְיָ֖הוּH5418Noun - proper - masculine singularfilled itמִלֵּ֛אH4390Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singularwith the slainחֲלָלִֽים׃H2491Noun - masculine plural

Verse 10

Cross-references

Jeremiah 40:14Classic cross-references Jeremiah 38:23Classic cross-references Jeremiah 40:7Classic cross-references Jeremiah 40:11Classic cross-references Jeremiah 43:6Classic cross-references

Original words

Then Ishmaelיִ֠שְׁמָעֵאלH3458Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markertook captiveוַיִּ֣שְׁבְּ׀H7617Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularallכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructthe remnantשְׁאֵרִ֨יתH7611Noun - feminine singular constructof the peopleהָעָ֜םH5971Article | Noun - masculine singularאֲשֶׁ֣ראֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relativeof Mizpahבַּמִּצְפָּ֗הH4709Preposition-b, Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe daughtersבְּנ֤וֹתH1323Noun - feminine plural constructof the kingהַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙H4428Article | Noun - masculine singularalong withוְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerallכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructthe othersהָעָם֙H5971Article | Noun - masculine singularwho remainedהַנִּשְׁאָרִ֣יםH7604Article | Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine pluralin Mizpahבַּמִּצְפָּ֔הH4709Preposition-b, Article | Noun - proper - feminine singularover whomאֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relativeNebuzaradanנְבֽוּזַרְאֲדָן֙H5018Noun - proper - masculine singularcaptainרַב־H7227Noun - masculine singular constructof the guardטַבָּחִ֔יםH2876Noun - masculine plural. . .אֶת־H854Direct object markerhad appointedהִפְקִ֗ידH6485Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singularGedaliahגְּדַלְיָ֖הוּH1436Noun - proper - masculine singularsonבֶּן־H1121Noun - masculine singular constructof Ahikamאֲחִיקָ֑םH296Noun - proper - masculine singularIshmaelיִשְׁמָעֵ֣אלH3458Noun - proper - masculine singularsonבֶּן־H1121Noun - masculine singular constructof Nethaniahנְתַנְיָ֔הH5418Noun - proper - masculine singulartook them captiveוַיִּשְׁבֵּם֙H7617Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine pluraland set offוַיֵּ֕לֶךְH1980Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularto cross overלַעֲבֹ֖רH5674Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructtoאֶל־H413Prepositionthe Ammonitesבְּנֵ֥יH1121Noun - masculine plural construct. . .עַמּֽוֹן׃סH5983Noun - proper - masculine singular

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