Focused Passage

Exodus 5:1-9

Pharaoh Rejects the LORD and Increases Israel’s Burdens

Moses and Aaron declare the LORD’s demand, Pharaoh rejects the LORD’s authority, Israel’s labor is intensified, the people’s officers blame Moses and Aaron, and Moses brings the crisis back to the LORD in anguished prayer.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1After that, Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and said, “This is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: ‘Let My people go, so that they may hold a feast to Me in the wilderness.’”

2But Pharaoh replied, “Who is the LORD that I should obey His voice and let Israel go? I do not know the LORD, and I will not let Israel go.”

3“The God of the Hebrews has met with us,” they answered. “Please let us go on a three-day journey into the wilderness to sacrifice to the LORD our God, or He may strike us with plagues or with the sword.”

4But the king of Egypt said to them, “Moses and Aaron, why do you draw the people away from their work? Get back to your labor!”

5Pharaoh also said, “Look, the people of the land are now numerous, and you would be stopping them from their labor.”

6That same day Pharaoh commanded the taskmasters of the people and their foremen:

7“You shall no longer supply the people with straw for making bricks. They must go and gather their own straw.

8But require of them the same quota of bricks as before; do not reduce it. For they are lazy; that is why they are crying out, ‘Let us go and sacrifice to our God.’

9Make the work harder on the men so they will be occupied and pay no attention to these lies.”

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Original words

After thatוְאַחַ֗רH310Conjunctive waw | AdverbMosesמֹשֶׁ֣הH4872Noun - proper - masculine singularand Aaronוְאַהֲרֹ֔ןH175Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singularwentבָּ֚אוּH935Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluraltoאֶל־H413PrepositionPharaohפַּרְעֹ֑הH6547Noun - proper - masculine singularand saidוַיֹּאמְר֖וּH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralThis is whatכֹּֽה־H3541Adverbthe LORDיְהוָה֙H3068Noun - proper - masculine singularthe Godאֱלֹהֵ֣יH430Noun - masculine plural constructof Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singularsaysאָמַ֤רH559Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularLet My peopleעַמִּ֔יH5971Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singulargoשַׁלַּח֙H7971Verb - Piel - Imperative - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerso that they may hold a feastוְיָחֹ֥גּוּH2287Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine pluralto Meלִ֖יPreposition | first person common singularin the wildernessבַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃H4057Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 2

Original words

But Pharaohפַּרְעֹ֔הH6547Noun - proper - masculine singularrepliedוַיֹּ֣אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularWhoמִ֤יH4310Interrogativeis the LORDיְהוָה֙H3068Noun - proper - masculine singularthatאֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relativeI should obeyאֶשְׁמַ֣עH8085Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singularHis voiceבְּקֹל֔וֹH6963Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular[and] let Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֑לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singulargoלְשַׁלַּ֖חH7971Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct-אֶת־H853Direct object markerI do notלֹ֤אH3808Adverb - Negative particleknowיָדַ֙עְתִּי֙H3045Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe LORDיְהוָ֔הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularandוְגַ֥םH1571Conjunction-אֶת־H853Direct object markerI will notלֹ֥אH3808Adverb - Negative particlelet Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֖לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singulargoאֲשַׁלֵּֽחַ׃H7971Verb - Piel - Imperfect - first person common singular
Verse 3

Original words

The Godאֱלֹהֵ֥יH430Noun - masculine plural constructof the Hebrewsהָעִבְרִ֖יםH5680Article | Noun - proper - masculine pluralhas metנִקְרָ֣אH7122Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singularwith usעָלֵ֑ינוּH5921Preposition | first person common pluralthey answeredוַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralPleaseנָּ֡אH4994Interjectionlet us go onנֵ֣לֲכָהH1980Verb - Qal - Imperfect Cohortative - first person common plurala three-dayשְׁלֹ֨שֶׁתH7969Number - masculine singular construct. . .יָמִ֜יםH3117Noun - masculine pluraljourneyדֶּרֶךְ֩H1870Noun - common singular constructinto the wildernessבַּמִּדְבָּ֗רH4057Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singularto sacrificeוְנִזְבְּחָה֙H2076Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative - first person common pluralto the LORDלַֽיהוָ֣הH3068Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singularour Godאֱלֹהֵ֔ינוּH430Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common pluralorפֶּ֨ן־H6435ConjunctionHe may strike usיִפְגָּעֵ֔נוּH6293Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | first person common pluralwith plaguesבַּדֶּ֖בֶרH1698Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singularorא֥וֹH176Conjunctionwith the swordבֶחָֽרֶב׃H2719Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singular
Verse 4

Original words

But the kingמֶ֣לֶךְH4428Noun - masculine singular constructof Egyptמִצְרַ֔יִםH4714Noun - proper - feminine singularsaidוַיֹּ֤אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularto themאֲלֵהֶם֙H413Preposition | third person masculine pluralMosesמֹשֶׁ֣הH4872Noun - proper - masculine singularand Aaronוְאַהֲרֹ֔ןH175Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singularwhyלָ֚מָּהH4100Interrogativedo you drawתַּפְרִ֥יעוּH6544Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - second person masculine pluralthe peopleהָעָ֖םH5971Article | Noun - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markeraway from their workמִמַּֽעֲשָׂ֑יוH4639Preposition-m | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singularGet backלְכ֖וּH1980Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine pluralto your laborלְסִבְלֹתֵיכֶֽם׃H5450Preposition-l | Noun - feminine plural construct | second person masculine plural
Verse 5

Original words

Pharaohפַּרְעֹ֔הH6547Noun - proper - masculine singularalso saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularLookהֵן־H2005Interjectionthe peopleעַ֣םH5971Noun - masculine singular constructof the landהָאָ֑רֶץH776Article | Noun - feminine singularare now numerousרַבִּ֥יםH7227Adjective - masculine plural. . .עַתָּ֖הH6258Adverband you would be stoppingוְהִשְׁבַּתֶּ֥םH7673Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine pluralthemאֹתָ֖םH853Direct object marker | third person masculine pluralfrom their laborמִסִּבְלֹתָֽם׃H5450Preposition-m | Noun - feminine plural construct | third person masculine plural
Verse 6

Original words

That sameהַה֑וּאH1931Article | Pronoun - third person masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerdayבַּיּ֣וֹםH3117Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singularPharaohפַּרְעֹ֖הH6547Noun - proper - masculine singularcommandedוַיְצַ֥וH6680Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularthe taskmastersהַנֹּגְשִׂ֣יםH5065Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralof the peopleבָּעָ֔םH5971Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerand their foremenשֹׁטְרָ֖יוH7860Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular. . .לֵאמֹֽר׃H559Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Verse 7

Original words

You shall noלֹ֣אH3808Adverb - Negative particlelongerתֹאסִפ֞וּןH3254Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - second person masculine plural | Paragogic nunsupplyלָתֵ֨תH5414Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructthe peopleלָעָ֛םH5971Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singularwith strawתֶּ֧בֶןH8401Noun - masculine singularfor makingלִלְבֹּ֥ןH3835Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructbricksהַלְּבֵנִ֖יםH3843Article | Noun - feminine plural-כִּתְמ֣וֹלH8543Preposition-k | Adverb-שִׁלְשֹׁ֑םH8032AdverbTheyהֵ֚םH1992Pronoun - third person masculine pluralmust goיֵֽלְכ֔וּH1980Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine pluraland gatherוְקֹשְׁשׁ֥וּH7197Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Conjunctive perfect - third person common pluraltheir ownלָהֶ֖םPreposition | third person masculine pluralstrawתֶּֽבֶן׃H8401Noun - masculine singular
Verse 8

Original words

-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerBut requireתָּשִׂ֣ימוּH7760Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine pluralof themעֲלֵיהֶ֔םH5921Preposition | third person masculine pluralthe same quotaמַתְכֹּ֨נֶתH4971Noun - feminine singular constructof bricksהַלְּבֵנִ֜יםH3843Article | Noun - feminine plural-אֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relativeasהֵם֩H1992Pronoun - third person masculine plural-עֹשִׂ֨יםH6213Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralbeforeתְּמ֤וֹלH8543Adverb. . .שִׁלְשֹׁם֙H8032Adverbdo notלֹ֥אH3808Adverb - Negative particlereduce itתִגְרְע֖וּH1639Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural. . .מִמֶּ֑נּוּH4480Preposition | third person masculine singularForכִּֽי־H3588Conjunctiontheyהֵ֔םH1992Pronoun - third person masculine pluralare lazyנִרְפִּ֣יםH7503Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine pluralthat is whyעַל־H5921Preposition. . .כֵּ֗ןH3651Adverbtheyהֵ֤םH1992Pronoun - third person masculine pluralare crying outצֹֽעֲקִים֙H6817Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural. . .לֵאמֹ֔רH559Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructLet us goנֵלְכָ֖הH1980Verb - Qal - Imperfect Cohortative - first person common pluraland sacrificeנִזְבְּחָ֥הH2076Verb - Qal - Imperfect Cohortative - first person common pluralto our Godלֵאלֹהֵֽינוּ׃H430Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common plural
Verse 9

Original words

Make the work harderתִּכְבַּ֧דH3513Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine singular. . .הָעֲבֹדָ֛הH5656Article | Noun - feminine singularonעַל־H5921Prepositionthe menהָאֲנָשִׁ֖יםH582Article | Noun - masculine pluralso they will be occupiedוְיַעֲשׂוּ־H6213Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine plural. . .בָ֑הּPreposition | third person feminine singularvvvוְאַל־H408Conjunctive waw | Adverband pay no attentionיִשְׁע֖וּH8159Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine pluralto [these] liesשָֽׁקֶר׃H8267Noun - masculine singular. . .בְּדִבְרֵי־H1697Preposition-b | Noun - masculine plural construct

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