Focused Passage

Exodus 5:1-9

Pharaoh Rejects the LORD and Increases Israel’s Burdens

Moses and Aaron declare the LORD’s demand, Pharaoh rejects the LORD’s authority, Israel’s labor is intensified, the people’s officers blame Moses and Aaron, and Moses brings the crisis back to the LORD in anguished prayer.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1 After that, Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and said, “This is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: ‘Let My people go, so that they may hold a feast to Me in the wilderness.’”

2 But Pharaoh replied, “Who is the LORD that I should obey His voice and let Israel go? I do not know the LORD, and I will not let Israel go.”

3 “The God of the Hebrews has met with us,” they answered. “Please let us go on a three-day journey into the wilderness to sacrifice to the LORD our God, or He may strike us with plagues or with the sword.”

4 But the king of Egypt said to them, “Moses and Aaron, why do you draw the people away from their work? Get back to your labor!”

5 Pharaoh also said, “Look, the people of the land are now numerous, and you would be stopping them from their labor.”

6 That same day Pharaoh commanded the taskmasters of the people and their foremen:

7 “You shall no longer supply the people with straw for making bricks. They must go and gather their own straw.

8 But require of them the same quota of bricks as before; do not reduce it. For they are lazy; that is why they are crying out, ‘Let us go and sacrifice to our God.’

9 Make the work harder on the men so they will be occupied and pay no attention to these lies.”

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Original words

After that וְאַחַ֗ר H310 Conjunctive waw | Adverb Moses מֹשֶׁ֣ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular and Aaron וְאַהֲרֹ֔ן H175 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular went בָּ֚אוּ H935 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural to אֶל־ H413 Preposition Pharaoh פַּרְעֹ֑ה H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular and said וַיֹּאמְר֖וּ H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural This is what כֹּֽה־ H3541 Adverb the LORD יְהוָה֙ H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular the God אֱלֹהֵ֣י H430 Noun - masculine plural construct of Israel יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular says אָמַ֤ר H559 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular Let My people עַמִּ֔י H5971 Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular go שַׁלַּח֙ H7971 Verb - Piel - Imperative - masculine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker so that they may hold a feast וְיָחֹ֥גּוּ H2287 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine plural to Me לִ֖י Preposition | first person common singular in the wilderness בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃ H4057 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 2

Original words

But Pharaoh פַּרְעֹ֔ה H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular replied וַיֹּ֣אמֶר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular Who מִ֤י H4310 Interrogative is the LORD יְהוָה֙ H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular that אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834 Pronoun - relative I should obey אֶשְׁמַ֣ע H8085 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singular His voice בְּקֹל֔וֹ H6963 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular [and] let Israel יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular go לְשַׁלַּ֖ח H7971 Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker I do not לֹ֤א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle know יָדַ֙עְתִּי֙ H3045 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker the LORD יְהוָ֔ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular and וְגַ֥ם H1571 Conjunction - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker I will not לֹ֥א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle let Israel יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular go אֲשַׁלֵּֽחַ׃ H7971 Verb - Piel - Imperfect - first person common singular
Verse 3

Original words

The God אֱלֹהֵ֥י H430 Noun - masculine plural construct of the Hebrews הָעִבְרִ֖ים H5680 Article | Noun - proper - masculine plural has met נִקְרָ֣א H7122 Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singular with us עָלֵ֑ינוּ H5921 Preposition | first person common plural they answered וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural Please נָּ֡א H4994 Interjection let us go on נֵ֣לֲכָה H1980 Verb - Qal - Imperfect Cohortative - first person common plural a three-day שְׁלֹ֨שֶׁת H7969 Number - masculine singular construct . . . יָמִ֜ים H3117 Noun - masculine plural journey דֶּרֶךְ֩ H1870 Noun - common singular construct into the wilderness בַּמִּדְבָּ֗ר H4057 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular to sacrifice וְנִזְבְּחָה֙ H2076 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative - first person common plural to the LORD לַֽיהוָ֣ה H3068 Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular our God אֱלֹהֵ֔ינוּ H430 Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common plural or פֶּ֨ן־ H6435 Conjunction He may strike us יִפְגָּעֵ֔נוּ H6293 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | first person common plural with plagues בַּדֶּ֖בֶר H1698 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular or א֥וֹ H176 Conjunction with the sword בֶחָֽרֶב׃ H2719 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singular
Verse 4

Original words

But the king מֶ֣לֶךְ H4428 Noun - masculine singular construct of Egypt מִצְרַ֔יִם H4714 Noun - proper - feminine singular said וַיֹּ֤אמֶר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular to them אֲלֵהֶם֙ H413 Preposition | third person masculine plural Moses מֹשֶׁ֣ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular and Aaron וְאַהֲרֹ֔ן H175 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular why לָ֚מָּה H4100 Interrogative do you draw תַּפְרִ֥יעוּ H6544 Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - second person masculine plural the people הָעָ֖ם H5971 Article | Noun - masculine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker away from their work מִמַּֽעֲשָׂ֑יו H4639 Preposition-m | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular Get back לְכ֖וּ H1980 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural to your labor לְסִבְלֹתֵיכֶֽם׃ H5450 Preposition-l | Noun - feminine plural construct | second person masculine plural
Verse 5

Original words

Pharaoh פַּרְעֹ֔ה H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular also said וַיֹּ֣אמֶר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular Look הֵן־ H2005 Interjection the people עַ֣ם H5971 Noun - masculine singular construct of the land הָאָ֑רֶץ H776 Article | Noun - feminine singular are now numerous רַבִּ֥ים H7227 Adjective - masculine plural . . . עַתָּ֖ה H6258 Adverb and you would be stopping וְהִשְׁבַּתֶּ֥ם H7673 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine plural them אֹתָ֖ם H853 Direct object marker | third person masculine plural from their labor מִסִּבְלֹתָֽם׃ H5450 Preposition-m | Noun - feminine plural construct | third person masculine plural
Verse 6

Original words

That same הַה֑וּא H1931 Article | Pronoun - third person masculine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker day בַּיּ֣וֹם H3117 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular Pharaoh פַּרְעֹ֖ה H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular commanded וַיְצַ֥ו H6680 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular the taskmasters הַנֹּגְשִׂ֣ים H5065 Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural of the people בָּעָ֔ם H5971 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular - וְאֶת־ H853 Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker and their foremen שֹׁטְרָ֖יו H7860 Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular . . . לֵאמֹֽר׃ H559 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Verse 7

Original words

You shall no לֹ֣א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle longer תֹאסִפ֞וּן H3254 Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - second person masculine plural | Paragogic nun supply לָתֵ֨ת H5414 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct the people לָעָ֛ם H5971 Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular with straw תֶּ֧בֶן H8401 Noun - masculine singular for making לִלְבֹּ֥ן H3835 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct bricks הַלְּבֵנִ֖ים H3843 Article | Noun - feminine plural - כִּתְמ֣וֹל H8543 Preposition-k | Adverb - שִׁלְשֹׁ֑ם H8032 Adverb They הֵ֚ם H1992 Pronoun - third person masculine plural must go יֵֽלְכ֔וּ H1980 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural and gather וְקֹשְׁשׁ֥וּ H7197 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural their own לָהֶ֖ם Preposition | third person masculine plural straw תֶּֽבֶן׃ H8401 Noun - masculine singular
Verse 8

Original words

- וְאֶת־ H853 Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker But require תָּשִׂ֣ימוּ H7760 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural of them עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם H5921 Preposition | third person masculine plural the same quota מַתְכֹּ֨נֶת H4971 Noun - feminine singular construct of bricks הַלְּבֵנִ֜ים H3843 Article | Noun - feminine plural - אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834 Pronoun - relative as הֵם֩ H1992 Pronoun - third person masculine plural - עֹשִׂ֨ים H6213 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural before תְּמ֤וֹל H8543 Adverb . . . שִׁלְשֹׁם֙ H8032 Adverb do not לֹ֥א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle reduce it תִגְרְע֖וּ H1639 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural . . . מִמֶּ֑נּוּ H4480 Preposition | third person masculine singular For כִּֽי־ H3588 Conjunction they הֵ֔ם H1992 Pronoun - third person masculine plural are lazy נִרְפִּ֣ים H7503 Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine plural that is why עַל־ H5921 Preposition . . . כֵּ֗ן H3651 Adverb they הֵ֤ם H1992 Pronoun - third person masculine plural are crying out צֹֽעֲקִים֙ H6817 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural . . . לֵאמֹ֔ר H559 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct Let us go נֵלְכָ֖ה H1980 Verb - Qal - Imperfect Cohortative - first person common plural and sacrifice נִזְבְּחָ֥ה H2076 Verb - Qal - Imperfect Cohortative - first person common plural to our God לֵאלֹהֵֽינוּ׃ H430 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common plural
Verse 9

Original words

Make the work harder תִּכְבַּ֧ד H3513 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine singular . . . הָעֲבֹדָ֛ה H5656 Article | Noun - feminine singular on עַל־ H5921 Preposition the men הָאֲנָשִׁ֖ים H582 Article | Noun - masculine plural so they will be occupied וְיַעֲשׂוּ־ H6213 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine plural . . . בָ֑הּ Preposition | third person feminine singular vvv וְאַל־ H408 Conjunctive waw | Adverb and pay no attention יִשְׁע֖וּ H8159 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural to [these] lies שָֽׁקֶר׃ H8267 Noun - masculine singular . . . בְּדִבְרֵי־ H1697 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine plural construct

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.