Focused Passage

Isaiah 5:1-7

The Song of the Vineyard and the Woes Against Covenant Corruption

The chapter moves from the beloved’s vineyard song, to the LORD’s interpretation of Judah as the failed vineyard, to six woes exposing the vineyard’s bad fruit, to the rejection of the LORD’s instruction, and finally to the summoned instrument of judgment.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1 I will sing for my beloved a song of his vineyard: My beloved had a vineyard on a very fertile hill.

2 He dug it up and cleared the stones and planted the finest vines. He built a watchtower in the middle and dug out a winepress as well. He waited for the vineyard to yield good grapes, but the fruit it produced was sour!

3 “And now, O dwellers of Jerusalem and men of Judah, I exhort you to judge between Me and My vineyard.

4 What more could have been done for My vineyard than I have done for it? Why, when I expected sweet grapes, did it bring forth sour fruit?

5 Now I will tell you what I am about to do to My vineyard: I will take away its hedge, and it will be consumed; I will tear down its wall, and it will be trampled.

6 I will make it a wasteland, neither pruned nor cultivated, and thorns and briers will grow up. I will command the clouds that rain shall not fall on it.”

7 For the vineyard of the LORD of Hosts is the house of Israel, and the men of Judah are the plant of His delight. He looked for justice, but saw bloodshed; for righteousness, but heard a cry of distress.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Cross-references

Luke 13:6 BSB references John 15:1 Classic cross-references Matthew 21:33 Classic cross-references Mark 12:1 Classic cross-references Luke 20:9 Classic cross-references Galatians 5:22-23 OliveGrove study links John 15:1-8 OliveGrove study links Matthew 21:33-43 OliveGrove study links

Original words

I will sing אָשִׁ֤ירָה H7891 Verb - Qal - Imperfect Cohortative - first person common singular . . . נָּא֙ H4994 Interjection for my beloved לִֽידִידִ֔י H3039 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular a song שִׁירַ֥ת H7892 Noun - feminine singular construct of [his] דּוֹדִ֖י H1730 Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular vineyard לְכַרְמ֑וֹ H3754 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular My beloved לִֽידִידִ֖י H3039 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular had הָיָ֥ה H1961 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular a vineyard כֶּ֛רֶם H3754 Noun - masculine singular on a very fertile בֶּן־ H1121 Noun - masculine singular construct . . . שָֽׁמֶן׃ H8081 Noun - masculine singular hill בְּקֶ֥רֶן H7161 Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct

Verse 2

Cross-references

Jeremiah 2:21 Classic cross-references Deuteronomy 32:32 Classic cross-references Isaiah 1:2 Classic cross-references Mark 4:19 Classic cross-references 1 Corinthians 9:7 Classic cross-references Galatians 5:22-23 OliveGrove study links John 15:1-8 OliveGrove study links Matthew 21:33-43 OliveGrove study links

Original words

He dug it up וַֽיְעַזְּקֵ֣הוּ H5823 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular and cleared the stones וַֽיְסַקְּלֵ֗הוּ H5619 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular and planted וַיִּטָּעֵ֙הוּ֙ H5193 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular the finest vines שֹׂרֵ֔ק H8321 Noun - masculine singular He built וַיִּ֤בֶן H1129 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular a watchtower מִגְדָּל֙ H4026 Noun - masculine singular in the middle בְּתוֹכ֔וֹ H8432 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular and וְגַם־ H1571 Conjunction dug out חָצֵ֣ב H2672 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular a winepress {as well} יֶ֖קֶב H3342 Noun - masculine singular He waited for [the vineyard] וַיְקַ֛ו H6960 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular to yield לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת H6213 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct good grapes עֲנָבִ֖ים H6025 Noun - masculine plural but the fruit it produced וַיַּ֥עַשׂ H6213 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular was sour בְּאֻשִֽׁים׃ H891 Noun - masculine plural

Verse 3

Cross-references

Matthew 7:17 Classic cross-references Psalms 46:3 Classic cross-references 1 Samuel 12:7 Classic cross-references Jeremiah 2:5 Classic cross-references Micah 6:2 Classic cross-references Galatians 5:22-23 OliveGrove study links John 15:1-8 OliveGrove study links Matthew 21:33-43 OliveGrove study links

Original words

And now וְעַתָּ֛ה H6258 Conjunctive waw | Adverb O dwellers יוֹשֵׁ֥ב H3427 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular construct of Jerusalem יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם H3389 Noun - proper - feminine singular and men וְאִ֣ישׁ H376 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct of Judah יְהוּדָ֑ה H3063 Noun - proper - masculine singular I exhort נָ֕א H4994 Interjection you to judge שִׁפְטוּ־ H8199 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural between Me בֵּינִ֖י H996 Preposition | first person common singular . . . וּבֵ֥ין H996 Conjunctive waw | Preposition and My vineyard כַּרְמִֽי׃ H3754 Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular

Verse 4

Cross-references

Jeremiah 2:21 Classic cross-references Luke 6:43 Classic cross-references Matthew 21:19 Classic cross-references Mark 4:19 Classic cross-references Matthew 13:12 Classic cross-references Galatians 5:22-23 OliveGrove study links John 15:1-8 OliveGrove study links Matthew 21:33-43 OliveGrove study links

Original words

What מַה־ H4100 Interrogative more עוֹד֙ H5750 Adverb could have been done לַּעֲשׂ֥וֹת H6213 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct for My vineyard לְכַרְמִ֔י H3754 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular than וְלֹ֥א H3808 Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle I have done עָשִׂ֖יתִי H6213 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular for it בּ֑וֹ Preposition | third person masculine singular Why מַדּ֧וּעַ H4069 Interrogative when I expected קִוֵּ֛יתִי H6960 Verb - Piel - Perfect - first person common singular - לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת H6213 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct [sweet] grapes עֲנָבִ֖ים H6025 Noun - masculine plural did it bring forth וַיַּ֥עַשׂ H6213 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular sour fruit בְּאֻשִֽׁים׃ H891 Noun - masculine plural

Verse 5

Cross-references

Luke 21:24 Classic cross-references Psalms 80:12 Classic cross-references Ecclesiastes 3:3 Classic cross-references Proverbs 24:31 Classic cross-references Jeremiah 21:4 Classic cross-references Galatians 5:22-23 OliveGrove study links John 15:1-8 OliveGrove study links Matthew 21:33-43 OliveGrove study links

Original words

Now וְעַתָּה֙ H6258 Conjunctive waw | Adverb I will tell you אוֹדִֽיעָה־ H3045 Verb - Hifil - Imperfect Cohortative - first person common singular . . . נָּ֣א H4994 Interjection - אֶתְכֶ֔ם H853 Direct object marker | second person masculine plural - אֵ֛ת H853 Direct object marker what אֲשֶׁר־ H834 Pronoun - relative I אֲנִ֥י H589 Pronoun - first person common singular am about to do עֹשֶׂ֖ה H6213 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular to My vineyard לְכַרְמִ֑י H3754 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular I will take away הָסֵ֤ר H5493 Verb - Hifil - Infinitive absolute its hedge מְשׂוּכָּתוֹ֙ H4881 Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular and it will be וְהָיָ֣ה H1961 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular consumed לְבָעֵ֔ר H1197 Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct I will tear down פָּרֹ֥ץ H6555 Verb - Qal - Infinitive absolute its wall גְּדֵר֖וֹ H1447 Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular and it will be וְהָיָ֥ה H1961 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular trampled לְמִרְמָֽס׃ H4823 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular

Verse 6

Cross-references

Amos 8:11 Classic cross-references Jeremiah 3:3 Classic cross-references Acts 14:17 Classic cross-references Hosea 10:12 Classic cross-references Hosea 9:6 Classic cross-references Galatians 5:22-23 OliveGrove study links John 15:1-8 OliveGrove study links Matthew 21:33-43 OliveGrove study links

Original words

I will make וַאֲשִׁיתֵ֣הוּ H7896 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - first person common singular | third person masculine singular it a wasteland בָתָ֗ה H1326 Noun - feminine singular neither לֹ֤א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle pruned יִזָּמֵר֙ H2168 Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular nor וְלֹ֣א H3808 Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle cultivated יֵעָדֵ֔ר H5737 Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular and thorns וָשָׁ֑יִת H7898 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular and briers שָׁמִ֖יר H8068 Noun - masculine singular will grow up וְעָלָ֥ה H5927 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular I will command אֲצַוֶּ֔ה H6680 Verb - Piel - Imperfect - first person common singular - וְעַ֤ל H5921 Conjunctive waw | Preposition the clouds הֶעָבִים֙ H5645 Article | Noun - common plural that rain מָטָֽר׃ H4306 Noun - masculine singular shall not fall מֵהַמְטִ֥יר H4305 Preposition-m | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct on it עָלָ֖יו H5921 Preposition | third person masculine singular

Verse 7

Cross-references

Genesis 4:10 Classic cross-references Psalms 80:8 Classic cross-references Ecclesiastes 4:1 Classic cross-references Isaiah 59:8 Classic cross-references Psalms 82:5 Classic cross-references Galatians 5:22-23 OliveGrove study links John 15:1-8 OliveGrove study links Matthew 21:33-43 OliveGrove study links

Original words

For כִּ֣י H3588 Conjunction the vineyard כֶ֜רֶם H3754 Noun - masculine singular construct of the LORD יְהוָ֤ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular of Hosts צְבָאוֹת֙ H6635 Noun - common plural is the house בֵּ֣ית H1004 Noun - masculine singular construct of Israel יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular and the men וְאִ֣ישׁ H376 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct of Judah יְהוּדָ֔ה H3063 Noun - proper - masculine singular are the plant נְטַ֖ע H5194 Noun - masculine singular construct of His delight שַׁעֲשׁוּעָ֑יו H8191 Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular He looked וַיְקַ֤ו H6960 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular for justice לְמִשְׁפָּט֙ H4941 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular but saw וְהִנֵּ֣ה H2009 Conjunctive waw | Interjection bloodshed מִשְׂפָּ֔ח H4939 Noun - masculine singular for righteousness לִצְדָקָ֖ה H6666 Preposition-l | Noun - feminine singular but heard וְהִנֵּ֥ה H2009 Conjunctive waw | Interjection a cry of distress צְעָקָֽה׃ס H6818 Noun - feminine singular

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