Focused Passage

Isaiah 5:1-7

The Song of the Vineyard and the Woes Against Covenant Corruption

The chapter moves from the beloved’s vineyard song, to the LORD’s interpretation of Judah as the failed vineyard, to six woes exposing the vineyard’s bad fruit, to the rejection of the LORD’s instruction, and finally to the summoned instrument of judgment.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1I will sing for my beloved a song of his vineyard: My beloved had a vineyard on a very fertile hill.

2He dug it up and cleared the stones and planted the finest vines. He built a watchtower in the middle and dug out a winepress as well. He waited for the vineyard to yield good grapes, but the fruit it produced was sour!

3“And now, O dwellers of Jerusalem and men of Judah, I exhort you to judge between Me and My vineyard.

4What more could have been done for My vineyard than I have done for it? Why, when I expected sweet grapes, did it bring forth sour fruit?

5Now I will tell you what I am about to do to My vineyard: I will take away its hedge, and it will be consumed; I will tear down its wall, and it will be trampled.

6I will make it a wasteland, neither pruned nor cultivated, and thorns and briers will grow up. I will command the clouds that rain shall not fall on it.”

7For the vineyard of the LORD of Hosts is the house of Israel, and the men of Judah are the plant of His delight. He looked for justice, but saw bloodshed; for righteousness, but heard a cry of distress.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Original words

I will singאָשִׁ֤ירָהH7891Verb - Qal - Imperfect Cohortative - first person common singular. . .נָּא֙H4994Interjectionfor my belovedלִֽידִידִ֔יH3039Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singulara songשִׁירַ֥תH7892Noun - feminine singular constructof [his]דּוֹדִ֖יH1730Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singularvineyardלְכַרְמ֑וֹH3754Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularMy belovedלִֽידִידִ֖יH3039Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singularhadהָיָ֥הH1961Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singulara vineyardכֶּ֛רֶםH3754Noun - masculine singularon a very fertileבֶּן־H1121Noun - masculine singular construct. . .שָֽׁמֶן׃H8081Noun - masculine singularhillבְּקֶ֥רֶןH7161Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct
Verse 2

Original words

He dug it upוַֽיְעַזְּקֵ֣הוּH5823Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singularand cleared the stonesוַֽיְסַקְּלֵ֗הוּH5619Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singularand plantedוַיִּטָּעֵ֙הוּ֙H5193Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singularthe finest vinesשֹׂרֵ֔קH8321Noun - masculine singularHe builtוַיִּ֤בֶןH1129Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singulara watchtowerמִגְדָּל֙H4026Noun - masculine singularin the middleבְּתוֹכ֔וֹH8432Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularandוְגַם־H1571Conjunctiondug outחָצֵ֣בH2672Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singulara winepress {as well}יֶ֖קֶבH3342Noun - masculine singularHe waited for [the vineyard]וַיְקַ֛וH6960Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularto yieldלַעֲשׂ֥וֹתH6213Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructgood grapesעֲנָבִ֖יםH6025Noun - masculine pluralbut the fruit it producedוַיַּ֥עַשׂH6213Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularwas sourבְּאֻשִֽׁים׃H891Noun - masculine plural
Verse 3

Original words

And nowוְעַתָּ֛הH6258Conjunctive waw | AdverbO dwellersיוֹשֵׁ֥בH3427Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular constructof Jerusalemיְרוּשָׁלִַ֖םH3389Noun - proper - feminine singularand menוְאִ֣ישׁH376Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular constructof Judahיְהוּדָ֑הH3063Noun - proper - masculine singularI exhortנָ֕אH4994Interjectionyou to judgeשִׁפְטוּ־H8199Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine pluralbetween Meבֵּינִ֖יH996Preposition | first person common singular. . .וּבֵ֥יןH996Conjunctive waw | Prepositionand My vineyardכַּרְמִֽי׃H3754Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular
Verse 4

Original words

Whatמַה־H4100Interrogativemoreעוֹד֙H5750Adverbcould have been doneלַּעֲשׂ֥וֹתH6213Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructfor My vineyardלְכַרְמִ֔יH3754Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singularthanוְלֹ֥אH3808Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particleI have doneעָשִׂ֖יתִיH6213Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singularfor itבּ֑וֹPreposition | third person masculine singularWhyמַדּ֧וּעַH4069Interrogativewhen I expectedקִוֵּ֛יתִיH6960Verb - Piel - Perfect - first person common singular-לַעֲשׂ֥וֹתH6213Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct[sweet] grapesעֲנָבִ֖יםH6025Noun - masculine pluraldid it bring forthוַיַּ֥עַשׂH6213Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularsour fruitבְּאֻשִֽׁים׃H891Noun - masculine plural
Verse 5

Original words

Nowוְעַתָּה֙H6258Conjunctive waw | AdverbI will tell youאוֹדִֽיעָה־H3045Verb - Hifil - Imperfect Cohortative - first person common singular. . .נָּ֣אH4994Interjection-אֶתְכֶ֔םH853Direct object marker | second person masculine plural-אֵ֛תH853Direct object markerwhatאֲשֶׁר־H834Pronoun - relativeIאֲנִ֥יH589Pronoun - first person common singularam about to doעֹשֶׂ֖הH6213Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularto My vineyardלְכַרְמִ֑יH3754Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singularI will take awayהָסֵ֤רH5493Verb - Hifil - Infinitive absoluteits hedgeמְשׂוּכָּתוֹ֙H4881Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singularand it will beוְהָיָ֣הH1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singularconsumedלְבָעֵ֔רH1197Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive constructI will tear downפָּרֹ֥ץH6555Verb - Qal - Infinitive absoluteits wallגְּדֵר֖וֹH1447Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularand it will beוְהָיָ֥הH1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singulartrampledלְמִרְמָֽס׃H4823Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 6

Original words

I will makeוַאֲשִׁיתֵ֣הוּH7896Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - first person common singular | third person masculine singularit a wastelandבָתָ֗הH1326Noun - feminine singularneitherלֹ֤אH3808Adverb - Negative particleprunedיִזָּמֵר֙H2168Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singularnorוְלֹ֣אH3808Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particlecultivatedיֵעָדֵ֔רH5737Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singularand thornsוָשָׁ֑יִתH7898Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singularand briersשָׁמִ֖ירH8068Noun - masculine singularwill grow upוְעָלָ֥הH5927Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singularI will commandאֲצַוֶּ֔הH6680Verb - Piel - Imperfect - first person common singular-וְעַ֤לH5921Conjunctive waw | Prepositionthe cloudsהֶעָבִים֙H5645Article | Noun - common pluralthat rainמָטָֽר׃H4306Noun - masculine singularshall not fallמֵהַמְטִ֥ירH4305Preposition-m | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive constructon itעָלָ֖יוH5921Preposition | third person masculine singular
Verse 7

Original words

Forכִּ֣יH3588Conjunctionthe vineyardכֶ֜רֶםH3754Noun - masculine singular constructof the LORDיְהוָ֤הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularof Hostsצְבָאוֹת֙H6635Noun - common pluralis the houseבֵּ֣יתH1004Noun - masculine singular constructof Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singularand the menוְאִ֣ישׁH376Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular constructof Judahיְהוּדָ֔הH3063Noun - proper - masculine singularare the plantנְטַ֖עH5194Noun - masculine singular constructof His delightשַׁעֲשׁוּעָ֑יוH8191Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singularHe lookedוַיְקַ֤וH6960Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularfor justiceלְמִשְׁפָּט֙H4941Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singularbut sawוְהִנֵּ֣הH2009Conjunctive waw | Interjectionbloodshedמִשְׂפָּ֔חH4939Noun - masculine singularfor righteousnessלִצְדָקָ֖הH6666Preposition-l | Noun - feminine singularbut heardוְהִנֵּ֥הH2009Conjunctive waw | Interjectiona cry of distressצְעָקָֽה׃סH6818Noun - feminine singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.