Focused Passage

Judges 9:26-33

Abimelech's Anti-Kingship: Bloodshed, Treachery, and the Curse Fulfilled

Abimelech turns Gideon's legacy into bloody ambition, kills his brothers, is made king by Shechem, is warned by Jotham's fable, rules three unstable years, destroys the city that enthroned him, and dies under God's retributive judgment as Jotham's curse comes upon Abimelech and Shechem.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

26Meanwhile, Gaal son of Ebed came with his brothers and crossed into Shechem, and the leaders of Shechem put their confidence in him.

27And after they had gone out into the fields, gathered grapes from their vineyards, and trodden them, they held a festival and went into the house of their god; and as they ate and drank, they cursed Abimelech.

28Then Gaal son of Ebed said, “Who is Abimelech, and who is Shechem, that we should serve him? Is he not the son of Jerubbaal, and is not Zebul his officer? You are to serve the men of Hamor, the father of Shechem. Why should we serve Abimelech?

29If only this people were under my authority, I would remove Abimelech; I would say to him, ‘Muster your army and come out!’”

30When Zebul the governor of the city heard the words of Gaal son of Ebed, he burned with anger.

31So he covertly sent messengers to Abimelech to say, “Look, Gaal son of Ebed and his brothers have come to Shechem and are stirring up the city against you.

32Now then, tonight you and the people with you are to come and lie in wait in the fields.

33And in the morning at sunrise, get up and advance against the city. When Gaal and his men come out against you, do to them whatever you are able.”

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 26

Original words

Meanwhile, Gaalגַּ֤עַלH1603Noun - proper - masculine singularsonבֶּן־H1121Noun - masculine singular constructof Ebedעֶ֙בֶד֙H5651Noun - proper - masculine singularcameוַיָּבֹ֞אH935Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularwith his brothersוְאֶחָ֔יוH251Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singularand crossedוַיַּעַבְר֖וּH5674Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralinto Shechemבִּשְׁכֶ֑םH7927Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singularand the leadersבַּעֲלֵ֥יH1167Noun - masculine plural constructof Shechemשְׁכֶֽם׃H7927Noun - proper - feminine singularput their confidenceוַיִּבְטְחוּ־H982Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralin himב֖וֹPreposition | third person masculine singular
Verse 27

Original words

And after they had gone outוַיֵּצְא֨וּH3318Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralinto the fieldsהַשָּׂדֶ֜הH7704Article | Noun - masculine singulargathered [grapes]וַֽיִּבְצְר֤וּH1219Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markerfrom their vineyardsכַּרְמֵיהֶם֙H3754Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine pluraland trodden [them]וַֽיִּדְרְכ֔וּH1869Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralthey heldוַֽיַּעֲשׂ֖וּH6213Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plurala festivalהִלּוּלִ֑יםH1974Noun - masculine pluraland wentוַיָּבֹ֙אוּ֙H935Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralinto the houseבֵּ֣יתH1004Noun - masculine singular constructof their godאֱ‍ֽלֹֽהֵיהֶ֔םH430Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine pluraland as they ateוַיֹּֽאכְלוּ֙H398Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluraland drankוַיִּשְׁתּ֔וּH8354Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralthey cursedוַֽיְקַלְל֖וּH7043Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markerAbimelechאֲבִימֶֽלֶךְ׃H40Noun - proper - masculine singular
Verse 28

Original words

Then Gaalגַּ֣עַלH1603Noun - proper - masculine singularsonבֶּן־H1121Noun - masculine singular constructof Ebedעֶ֗בֶדH5651Noun - proper - masculine singularsaidוַיֹּ֣אמֶר׀H559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularWhoמִֽי־H4310Interrogativeis Abimelechאֲבִימֶ֤לֶךְH40Noun - proper - masculine singularand whoוּמִֽי־H4310Conjunctive waw | Interrogativeis Shechemשְׁכֶם֙H7927Noun - proper - feminine singularthatכִּ֣יH3588Conjunctionwe should serve himנַעַבְדֶ֔נּוּH5647Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common plural | third person masculine singularIs he notהֲלֹ֥אH3808Adverb - Negative particlethe sonבֶן־H1121Noun - masculine singular constructof Jerubbaalיְרֻבַּ֖עַלH3378Noun - proper - masculine singularand is not Zebulוּזְבֻ֣לH2083Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singularhis officerפְּקִיד֑וֹH6496Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularYou are to serveעִבְד֗וּH5647Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe menאַנְשֵׁ֤יH582Noun - masculine plural constructof Hamorחֲמוֹר֙H2544Noun - proper - masculine singularthe fatherאֲבִ֣יH1Noun - masculine singular constructof Shechemשְׁכֶ֔םH7927Noun - proper - feminine singularWhyוּמַדּ֖וּעַH4069Conjunctive waw | Interrogativeshould weאֲנָֽחְנוּ׃H587Pronoun - first person common pluralserve Abimelechנַעַבְדֶ֥נּוּH5647Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common plural | third person masculine singular
Verse 29

Original words

If onlyוּמִ֨יH4310Conjunctive waw | Interjection. . .יִתֵּ֜ןH5414Direct object marker-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthisהַזֶּה֙H2088Article | Pronoun - masculine singularpeopleהָעָ֤םH5971Article | Noun - masculine singularwere under my authorityבְּיָדִ֔יH3027Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singularI would removeוְאָסִ֖ירָהH5493Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative - first person common singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerAbimelechאֲבִימֶ֑לֶךְH40Noun - proper - masculine singularI would sayוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙H559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularto [him]לַאֲבִימֶ֔לֶךְH40Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singularMusterרַבֶּ֥הH7235Verb - Piel - Imperative - masculine singularyour armyצְבָאֲךָ֖H6635Noun - common singular construct | second person masculine singularand come outוָצֵֽאָה׃H3318Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular | third person feminine singular

BSB notes

  • LXX; Hebrew I would remove Abimelech.” And he said to him, “Muster your army and come out!”
Verse 30

Original words

When Zebulזְבֻל֙H2083Noun - proper - masculine singularthe governorשַׂר־H8269Noun - masculine singular constructof the cityהָעִ֔ירH5892Article | Noun - feminine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerheardוַיִּשְׁמַ֗עH8085Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularthe wordsדִּבְרֵ֖יH1697Noun - masculine plural constructof Gaalגַּ֣עַלH1603Noun - proper - masculine singularsonבֶּן־H1121Noun - masculine singular constructof Ebedעָ֑בֶדH5651Noun - proper - masculine singularhe burnedוַיִּ֖חַרH2734Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularwith angerאַפּֽוֹ׃H639Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Verse 31

Original words

So he covertly sentוַיִּשְׁלַ֧חH7971Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .בְּתָרְמָ֣הH8649Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singularmessengersמַלְאָכִ֛יםH4397Noun - masculine pluraltoאֶל־H413PrepositionAbimelechאֲבִימֶ֖לֶךְH40Noun - proper - masculine singularto sayלֵאמֹ֑רH559Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructLookהִנֵּה֩H2009InterjectionGaalגַ֨עַלH1603Noun - proper - masculine singularsonבֶּן־H1121Noun - masculine singular constructof Ebedעֶ֤בֶדH5651Noun - proper - masculine singularand his brothersוְאֶחָיו֙H251Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singularhave comeבָּאִ֣יםH935Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralto Shechemשְׁכֶ֔מָהH7927Noun - proper - feminine singular | third person feminine singular. . .וְהִנָּ֛םH2009Conjunctive waw | Interjection | third person masculine pluraland are stirring upצָרִ֥יםH6696Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe cityהָעִ֖ירH5892Article | Noun - feminine singularagainst youעָלֶֽיךָ׃H5921Preposition | second person masculine singular

BSB notes

  • Or he sent messengers to Abimelech in Arumah; see verse 41.
  • Or besieging or closing up
Verse 32

Original words

Now thenוְעַתָּה֙H6258Conjunctive waw | Adverbtonightלַ֔יְלָהH3915Noun - masculine singularyouאַתָּ֖הH859Pronoun - second person masculine singularand the peopleוְהָעָ֣םH5971Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - masculine singular-אֲשֶׁר־H834Pronoun - relativewith youאִתָּ֑ךְH854Preposition | second person masculine singularare to comeק֣וּםH6965Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singularand lie in waitוֶאֱרֹ֖בH693Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singularin the fieldsבַּשָּׂדֶֽה׃H7704Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 33

Original words

Andוְהָיָ֤הH1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singularin the morningבַבֹּ֙קֶר֙H1242Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singularat sunriseכִּזְרֹ֣חַH2224Preposition-k | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct. . .הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁH8121Article | Noun - common singularget upתַּשְׁכִּ֖יםH7925Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - second person masculine singularand advanceוּפָשַׁטְתָּ֣H6584Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singularagainstעַל־H5921Prepositionthe cityהָעִ֑ירH5892Article | Noun - feminine singular. . .וְהִנֵּה־H2009Conjunctive waw | InterjectionWhen [Gaal]ה֞וּאH1931Pronoun - third person masculine singularand his menוְהָעָ֤םH5971Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - masculine singular-אֲשֶׁר־H834Pronoun - relative-אִתּוֹ֙H854Preposition | third person masculine singularcome outיֹצְאִ֣יםH3318Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralagainst youאֵלֶ֔יךָH413Preposition | second person masculine singulardoוְעָשִׂ֣יתָH6213Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singularto themלּ֔וֹPreposition | third person masculine singularwhateverכַּאֲשֶׁ֖רH834Preposition-k | Pronoun - relativeyou are ableתִּמְצָ֥אH4672Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine singular. . .יָדֶֽךָ׃סH3027Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine singular

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