Focused Passage

Exodus 7:14-25

The LORD Begins to Answer Pharaoh: Signs, Hardening, and the Nile Turned to Blood

The LORD defines Moses’ and Aaron’s roles, foretells Pharaoh’s hardened resistance, authenticates His messengers with the staff sign, and begins judgment by turning the Nile to blood.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

14 Then the LORD said to Moses, “Pharaoh’s heart is unyielding; he refuses to let the people go.

15 Go to Pharaoh in the morning as you see him walking out to the water. Wait on the bank of the Nile to meet him, and take in your hand the staff that was changed into a snake.

16 Then say to him, ‘The LORD, the God of the Hebrews, has sent me to tell you: Let My people go, so that they may worship Me in the wilderness. But until now you have not listened.

17 This is what the LORD says: By this you will know that I am the LORD. Behold, with the staff in my hand I will strike the water of the Nile, and it will turn to blood.

18 The fish in the Nile will die, the river will stink, and the Egyptians will be unable to drink its water.’”

19 And the LORD said to Moses, “Tell Aaron, ‘Take your staff and stretch out your hand over the waters of Egypt—over their rivers and canals and ponds and all the reservoirs—that they may become blood.’ There will be blood throughout the land of Egypt, even in the vessels of wood and stone.”

20 Moses and Aaron did just as the LORD had commanded; in the presence of Pharaoh and his officials, Aaron raised the staff and struck the water of the Nile, and all the water was turned to blood.

21 The fish in the Nile died, and the river smelled so bad that the Egyptians could not drink its water. And there was blood throughout the land of Egypt.

22 But the magicians of Egypt did the same things by their magic arts. So Pharaoh’s heart was hardened, and he would not listen to Moses and Aaron, just as the LORD had said.

23 Instead, Pharaoh turned around, went into his palace, and did not take any of this to heart.

24 So all the Egyptians dug around the Nile for water to drink, because they could not drink the water from the river.

25 And seven full days passed after the LORD had struck the Nile.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 14

Original words

Then the LORD יְהוָה֙ H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular said וַיֹּ֤אמֶר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular to אֶל־ H413 Preposition Moses מֹשֶׁ֔ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular Pharaoh’s פַּרְעֹ֑ה H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular heart לֵ֣ב H3820 Noun - masculine singular construct [is] unyielding כָּבֵ֖ד H3515 Adjective - masculine singular he refuses מֵאֵ֖ן H3985 Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular to let the people הָעָֽם׃ H5971 Article | Noun - masculine singular go לְשַׁלַּ֥ח H7971 Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct

BSB notes

  • Or heavy or stubborn
Verse 15

Original words

Go לֵ֣ךְ H1980 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular to אֶל־ H413 Preposition Pharaoh פַּרְעֹ֞ה H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular in the morning בַּבֹּ֗קֶר H1242 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular as you see him הִנֵּה֙ H2009 Interjection walking out יֹצֵ֣א H3318 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular to the water הַמַּ֔יְמָה H4325 Article | Noun - masculine plural | third person feminine singular Wait וְנִצַּבְתָּ֥ H5324 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singular on עַל־ H5921 Preposition the bank שְׂפַ֣ת H8193 Noun - feminine singular construct of the Nile הַיְאֹ֑ר H2975 Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular to meet him לִקְרָאת֖וֹ H7122 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | third person masculine singular and take תִּקַּ֥ח H3947 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular in your hand בְּיָדֶֽךָ׃ H3027 Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine singular the staff וְהַמַּטֶּ֛ה H4294 Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - masculine singular that אֲשֶׁר־ H834 Pronoun - relative was changed נֶהְפַּ֥ךְ H2015 Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singular into a snake לְנָחָ֖שׁ H5175 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 16

Original words

Then say וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singular to him אֵלָ֗יו H413 Preposition | third person masculine singular The LORD יְהוָ֞ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular the God אֱלֹהֵ֤י H430 Noun - masculine plural construct of the Hebrews הָעִבְרִים֙ H5680 Article | Noun - proper - masculine plural has sent me שְׁלָחַ֤נִי H7971 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | first person common singular . . . אֵלֶ֙יךָ֙ H413 Preposition | second person masculine singular to tell you לֵאמֹ֔ר H559 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct Let My people עַמִּ֔י H5971 Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular go שַׁלַּח֙ H7971 Verb - Piel - Imperative - masculine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker so that they may worship Me וְיַֽעַבְדֻ֖נִי H5647 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine plural | first person common singular in the wilderness בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר H4057 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular But וְהִנֵּ֥ה H2009 Conjunctive waw | Interjection until עַד־ H5704 Preposition now כֹּֽה׃ H3541 Adverb you have not לֹא־ H3808 Adverb - Negative particle listened שָׁמַ֖עְתָּ H8085 Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singular
Verse 17

Original words

This is what כֹּ֚ה H3541 Adverb the LORD יְהוָ֔ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular says אָמַ֣ר H559 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular By this בְּזֹ֣את H2063 Preposition-b | Pronoun - feminine singular you will know תֵּדַ֔ע H3045 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular that כִּ֖י H3588 Conjunction I אֲנִ֣י H589 Pronoun - first person common singular am the LORD יְהוָ֑ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular Behold הִנֵּ֨ה H2009 Interjection with the staff בַּמַּטֶּ֣ה H4294 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular - אֲשֶׁר־ H834 Pronoun - relative in my hand בְּיָדִ֗י H3027 Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singular I אָנֹכִ֜י H595 Pronoun - first person common singular will strike מַכֶּ֣ה׀ H5221 Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine singular the water הַמַּ֛יִם H4325 Article | Noun - masculine plural - אֲשֶׁ֥ר H834 Pronoun - relative of the Nile בַּיְאֹ֖ר H2975 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular . . . עַל־ H5921 Preposition and it will turn וְנֶהֶפְכ֥וּ H2015 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural to blood לְדָֽם׃ H1818 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 18

Original words

The fish וְהַדָּגָ֧ה H1710 Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - feminine singular - אֲשֶׁר־ H834 Pronoun - relative in the Nile בַּיְאֹ֛ר H2975 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular will die תָּמ֖וּת H4191 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine singular the river הַיְאֹ֑ר H2975 Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular will stink וּבָאַ֣שׁ H887 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular and the Egyptians מִצְרַ֔יִם H4713 Noun - proper - feminine singular will be unable וְנִלְא֣וּ H3811 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural to drink לִשְׁתּ֥וֹת H8354 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct vvv מִן־ H4480 Preposition its הַיְאֹֽר׃ס H2975 Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular water מַ֖יִם H4325 Noun - masculine plural
Verse 19

Original words

And the LORD יְהוָ֜ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular said וַיֹּ֨אמֶר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular to אֶל־ H413 Preposition Moses מֹשֶׁ֗ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular Tell אֱמֹ֣ר H559 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular . . . אֶֽל־ H413 Preposition Aaron אַהֲרֹ֡ן H175 Noun - proper - masculine singular Take קַ֣ח H3947 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular your staff מַטְּךָ֣ H4294 Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular and stretch out וּנְטֵֽה־ H5186 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular your hand יָדְךָ֩ H3027 Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine singular over עַל־ H5921 Preposition the waters מֵימֵ֨י H4325 Noun - masculine plural construct of Egypt מִצְרַ֜יִם H4714 Noun - proper - feminine singular over עַֽל־ H5921 Preposition their rivers נַהֲרֹתָ֣ם׀ H5104 Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural . . . עַל־ H5921 Preposition [and] canals יְאֹרֵיהֶ֣ם H2975 Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural . . . וְעַל־ H5921 Conjunctive waw | Preposition and ponds אַגְמֵיהֶ֗ם H98 Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural and וְעַ֛ל H5921 Conjunctive waw | Preposition all כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct vvv מֵימֵיהֶ֖ם H4325 Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural the reservoirs מִקְוֵ֥ה H4723 Noun - masculine singular construct that they may become וְיִֽהְיוּ־ H1961 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine plural blood דָ֑ם H1818 Noun - masculine singular There will be וְהָ֤יָה H1961 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular blood דָם֙ H1818 Noun - masculine singular throughout בְּכָל־ H3605 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct the land אֶ֣רֶץ H776 Noun - feminine singular construct of Egypt מִצְרַ֔יִם H4714 Noun - proper - feminine singular even in the vessels of wood וּבָעֵצִ֖ים H6086 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine plural and stone וּבָאֲבָנִֽים׃ H68 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine plural
Verse 20

Original words

Moses מֹשֶׁ֨ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular and Aaron וְאַהֲרֹ֜ן H175 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular did וַיַּֽעֲשׂוּ־ H6213 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural . . . כֵן֩ H3651 Adverb just as כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר׀ H834 Preposition-k | Pronoun - relative the LORD יְהוָ֗ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular had commanded צִוָּ֣ה H6680 Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular in the presence לְעֵינֵ֣י H5869 Preposition-l | Noun - cdc of Pharaoh פַרְעֹ֔ה H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular . . . וּלְעֵינֵ֖י H5869 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Noun - cdc and his officials עֲבָדָ֑יו H5650 Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular [Aaron] raised וַיָּ֤רֶם H7311 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular the staff בַּמַּטֶּה֙ H4294 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular and struck וַיַּ֤ךְ H5221 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker the water הַמַּ֙יִם֙ H4325 Article | Noun - masculine plural - אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834 Pronoun - relative of the Nile בַּיְאֹ֔ר H2975 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular and all כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct the water הַמַּ֥יִם H4325 Article | Noun - masculine plural - אֲשֶׁר־ H834 Pronoun - relative - בַּיְאֹ֖ר H2975 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular was turned וַיֵּהָֽפְכ֛וּ H2015 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural to blood לְדָֽם׃ H1818 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular

BSB notes

  • Hebrew he raised the staff; see verse 19; some translators Moses raised the staff.
Verse 21

Original words

The fish וְהַדָּגָ֨ה H1710 Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - feminine singular - אֲשֶׁר־ H834 Pronoun - relative in the Nile בַּיְאֹ֥ר H2975 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular died מֵ֙תָה֙ H4191 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular and the river הַיְאֹ֔ר H2975 Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular smelled so bad וַיִּבְאַ֣שׁ H887 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular that the Egyptians מִצְרַ֔יִם H4713 Noun - proper - feminine singular could יָכְל֣וּ H3201 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural not וְלֹא־ H3808 Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle drink לִשְׁתּ֥וֹת H8354 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct vvv מִן־ H4480 Preposition its הַיְאֹ֑ר H2975 Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular water מַ֖יִם H4325 Noun - masculine plural And there was וַיְהִ֥י H1961 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular blood הַדָּ֖ם H1818 Article | Noun - masculine singular throughout בְּכָל־ H3605 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct the land אֶ֥רֶץ H776 Noun - feminine singular construct of Egypt מִצְרָֽיִם׃ H4714 Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 22

Original words

But the magicians חַרְטֻמֵּ֥י H2748 Noun - masculine plural construct of Egypt מִצְרַ֖יִם H4714 Noun - proper - feminine singular did וַיַּֽעֲשׂוּ־ H6213 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural the same things כֵ֛ן H3651 Adverb by their magic arts בְּלָטֵיהֶ֑ם H3909 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural So Pharaoh’s פַּרְעֹה֙ H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular heart לֵב־ H3820 Noun - masculine singular construct was hardened וַיֶּחֱזַ֤ק H2388 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular and he would not וְלֹא־ H3808 Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle listen שָׁמַ֣ע H8085 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular to [Moses and Aaron] אֲלֵהֶ֔ם H413 Preposition | third person masculine plural just as כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר H834 Preposition-k | Pronoun - relative the LORD יְהוָֽה׃ H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular had said דִּבֶּ֥ר H1696 Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Verse 23

Original words

Instead, Pharaoh פַּרְעֹ֔ה H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular turned around וַיִּ֣פֶן H6437 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular went וַיָּבֹ֖א H935 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular into אֶל־ H413 Preposition his palace בֵּית֑וֹ H1004 Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular and did not וְלֹא־ H3808 Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle take שָׁ֥ת H7896 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular any גַּם־ H1571 Conjunction of this לָזֹֽאת׃ H2063 Preposition-l | Pronoun - feminine singular to heart לִבּ֖וֹ H3820 Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Verse 24

Original words

So all כָל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct the Egyptians מִצְרַ֛יִם H4713 Noun - proper - feminine singular dug וַיַּחְפְּר֧וּ H2658 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural around סְבִיבֹ֥ת H5439 Adverb the Nile הַיְאֹ֖ר H2975 Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular for water מַ֣יִם H4325 Noun - masculine plural to drink לִשְׁתּ֑וֹת H8354 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct because כִּ֣י H3588 Conjunction they could יָֽכְלוּ֙ H3201 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural not לֹ֤א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle drink לִשְׁתֹּ֔ת H8354 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct the water מִמֵּימֵ֖י H4325 Preposition-m | Noun - masculine plural construct from the river הַיְאֹֽר׃ H2975 Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 25

Original words

And seven שִׁבְעַ֣ת H7651 Number - masculine singular construct full days יָמִ֑ים H3117 Noun - masculine plural passed וַיִּמָּלֵ֖א H4390 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular after אַחֲרֵ֥י H310 Preposition the LORD יְהוָ֖ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker had struck הַכּוֹת־ H5221 Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct the Nile הַיְאֹֽר׃פ H2975 Article | Noun - masculine singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.