Focused Passage

Jeremiah 52:1-11

Jerusalem Fallen, the Temple Burned, and Hope Preserved in Exile

The chapter moves from Zedekiah’s evil and rebellion, to Jerusalem’s siege and famine, to Zedekiah’s capture and humiliation, to the burning of the temple and city, to the carrying away of temple treasures, to the execution of leaders and deportation of survivors, and finally to Jehoiachin’s release and honored provision in Babylon.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1 Zedekiah was twenty-one years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eleven years. His mother’s name was Hamutal daughter of Jeremiah; she was from Libnah.

2 And Zedekiah did evil in the sight of the LORD, just as Jehoiakim had done.

3 For because of the anger of the LORD, all this happened in Jerusalem and Judah, until He finally banished them from His presence. And Zedekiah also rebelled against the king of Babylon.

4 So in the ninth year of Zedekiah’s reign, on the tenth day of the tenth month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon marched against Jerusalem with his entire army. They encamped outside the city and built a siege wall all around it.

5 And the city was kept under siege until King Zedekiah’s eleventh year.

6 By the ninth day of the fourth month, the famine in the city was so severe that the people of the land had no food.

7 Then the city was breached; and though the Chaldeans had surrounded the city, all the men of war fled the city by night by way of the gate between the two walls near the king’s garden. They headed toward the Arabah,

8 but the army of the Chaldeans pursued the king and overtook Zedekiah in the plains of Jericho, and his whole army deserted him.

9 The Chaldeans seized the king and brought him up to the king of Babylon at Riblah in the land of Hamath, where he pronounced judgment on Zedekiah.

10 There at Riblah the king of Babylon slaughtered the sons of Zedekiah before his eyes, and he also killed all the officials of Judah.

11 Then he put out Zedekiah’s eyes, bound him with bronze shackles, and took him to Babylon, where he kept him in custody until his dying day.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Original words

Zedekiah צִדְקִיָּ֣הוּ H6667 Noun - proper - masculine singular was twenty-one עֶשְׂרִ֨ים H6242 Number - common plural . . . וְאַחַ֤ת H259 Conjunctive waw | Number - feminine singular construct years שָׁנָה֙ H8141 Noun - feminine singular old בֶּן־ H1121 Noun - masculine singular construct when he became king בְמָלְכ֔וֹ H4427 Preposition-b | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | third person masculine singular and he reigned מָלַ֖ךְ H4427 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular in Jerusalem בִּירֽוּשָׁלִָ֑ם H3389 Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singular eleven וְאַחַ֤ת H259 Conjunctive waw | Number - feminine singular construct . . . עֶשְׂרֵה֙ H6240 Number - feminine singular years שָׁנָ֔ה H8141 Noun - feminine singular His mother’s אִמּ֔וֹ H517 Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular name וְשֵׁ֣ם H8034 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct was Hamutal חֲמִיטַל H2537 Noun - proper - feminine singular daughter בַּֽת־ H1323 Noun - feminine singular construct of Jeremiah יִרְמְיָ֖הוּ H3414 Noun - proper - masculine singular she was from Libnah מִלִּבְנָֽה׃ H3841 Preposition-m | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 2

Original words

And [Zedekiah] did וַיַּ֥עַשׂ H6213 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular evil הָרַ֖ע H7451 Article | Adjective - masculine singular in the sight בְּעֵינֵ֣י H5869 Preposition-b | Noun - cdc of the LORD יְהוָ֑ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular just as כְּכֹ֥ל H3605 Preposition-k | Noun - masculine singular - אֲשֶׁר־ H834 Pronoun - relative Jehoiakim יְהוֹיָקִֽים׃ H3079 Noun - proper - masculine singular had done עָשָׂ֖ה H6213 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Verse 3

Original words

For כִּ֣י׀ H3588 Conjunction because עַל־ H5921 Preposition of the anger אַ֣ף H639 Noun - masculine singular construct of the LORD יְהוָ֗ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular [all this] happened הָֽיְתָה֙ H1961 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular in Jerusalem בִּירוּשָׁלִַ֣ם H3389 Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singular and Judah וִֽיהוּדָ֔ה H3063 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular until עַד־ H5704 Preposition He finally banished הִשְׁלִיכ֥וֹ H7993 Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct | third person masculine singular them אוֹתָ֖ם H853 Direct object marker | third person masculine plural from מֵעַ֣ל H5921 Preposition-m His presence פָּנָ֑יו H6440 Noun - common plural construct | third person masculine singular And Zedekiah also צִדְקִיָּ֖הוּ H6667 Noun - proper - masculine singular rebelled וַיִּמְרֹ֥ד H4775 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular against the king בְּמֶ֥לֶךְ H4428 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct of Babylon בָּבֶֽל׃ H894 Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 4

Original words

So וַיְהִי֩ H1961 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular in the ninth הַתְּשִׁעִ֜ית H8671 Article | Number - ordinal feminine singular year בַשָּׁנָ֨ה H8141 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singular of Zedekiah’s reign לְמָלְכ֗וֹ H4427 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | third person masculine singular on the tenth בֶּעָשׂ֣וֹר H6218 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular . . . לַחֹדֶשׁ֒ H2320 Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular day of the tenth הָעֲשִׂירִי֮ H6224 Article | Number - ordinal masculine singular month בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ H2320 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular Nebuchadnezzar נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֨ר H5019 Noun - proper - masculine singular king מֶֽלֶךְ־ H4428 Noun - masculine singular construct of Babylon בָּבֶ֜ל H894 Noun - proper - feminine singular . . . ה֤וּא H1931 Pronoun - third person masculine singular marched בָּ֠א H935 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular against עַל־ H5921 Preposition Jerusalem יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם H3389 Noun - proper - feminine singular with his entire וְכָל־ H3605 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct army חֵילוֹ֙ H2428 Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular They encamped וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ H2583 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural outside [the city] עָלֶ֑יהָ H5921 Preposition | third person feminine singular and built וַיִּבְנ֥וּ H1129 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural a siege wall דָּיֵ֖ק H1785 Noun - masculine singular all סָבִֽיב׃ H5439 Adverb around it עָלֶ֛יהָ H5921 Preposition | third person feminine singular
Verse 5

Original words

And the city הָעִ֖יר H5892 Article | Noun - feminine singular was kept וַתָּבֹ֥א H935 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular under siege בַּמָּצ֑וֹר H4692 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular until עַ֚ד H5704 Preposition King לַמֶּ֖לֶךְ H4428 Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular Zedekiah’s צִדְקִיָּֽהוּ׃ H6667 Noun - proper - masculine singular eleventh עַשְׁתֵּ֣י H6249 Number - common singular construct . . . עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה H6240 Number - feminine singular year שָׁנָ֔ה H8141 Noun - feminine singular
Verse 6

Original words

By the ninth [day] בְּתִשְׁעָ֣ה H8672 Preposition-b | Number - masculine singular . . . לַחֹ֔דֶשׁ H2320 Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular of the fourth הָֽרְבִיעִי֙ H7243 Article | Number - ordinal masculine singular month בַּחֹ֤דֶשׁ H2320 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular the famine הָרָעָ֖ב H7458 Article | Noun - masculine singular in the city בָּעִ֑יר H5892 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singular was so severe וַיֶּחֱזַ֥ק H2388 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular that the people לְעַ֥ם H5971 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct of the land הָאָֽרֶץ׃ H776 Article | Noun - feminine singular had הָיָ֥ה H1961 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular no וְלֹא־ H3808 Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle food לֶ֖חֶם H3899 Noun - masculine singular
Verse 7

Original words

Then the city הָעִ֗יר H5892 Article | Noun - feminine singular was breached וַתִּבָּקַ֣ע H1234 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular and though the Chaldeans וְכַשְׂדִּ֥ים H3778 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine plural . . . עַל־ H5921 Preposition had surrounded סָבִ֑יב H5439 Adverb the city הָעִ֖יר H5892 Article | Noun - feminine singular all וְכָל־ H3605 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct the men אַנְשֵׁ֣י H582 Noun - masculine plural construct of war הַמִּלְחָמָ֡ה H4421 Article | Noun - feminine singular fled יִבְרְחוּ֩ H1272 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural - וַיֵּצְא֨וּ H3318 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural the city מֵהָעִ֜יר H5892 Preposition-m, Article | Noun - feminine singular by night לַ֗יְלָה H3915 Noun - masculine singular by way דֶּ֜רֶךְ H1870 Noun - common singular construct of the gate שַׁ֤עַר H8179 Noun - masculine singular between בֵּין־ H996 Preposition the two walls הַחֹמֹתַ֙יִם֙ H2346 Article | Noun - fd - אֲשֶׁר֙ H834 Pronoun - relative near עַל־ H5921 Preposition the king’s הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ H4428 Article | Noun - masculine singular garden גַּ֣ן H1588 Noun - common singular construct They headed וַיֵּלְכ֖וּ H1980 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural toward דֶּ֥רֶךְ H1870 Noun - common singular construct the Arabah הָעֲרָבָֽה׃ H6160 Article | Noun - feminine singular

BSB notes

  • That is, the Babylonians; similarly in verses 8, 9, 14, and 17
  • Or the Jordan Valley
Verse 8

Original words

but the army חֵיל־ H2428 Noun - masculine singular construct of the Chaldeans כַּשְׂדִּים֙ H3778 Noun - proper - masculine plural - אַחֲרֵ֣י H310 Preposition pursued וַיִּרְדְּפ֤וּ H7291 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural the king הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ H4428 Article | Noun - masculine singular and overtook וַיַּשִּׂ֥יגוּ H5381 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker Zedekiah צִדְקִיָּ֖הוּ H6667 Noun - proper - masculine singular in the plains בְּעַֽרְבֹ֣ת H6160 Preposition-b | Noun - feminine plural construct of Jericho יְרֵח֑וֹ H3405 Noun - proper - feminine singular and his whole וְכָל־ H3605 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct army חֵיל֔וֹ H2428 Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular deserted נָפֹ֖צוּ H6327 Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common plural him מֵעָלָֽיו׃ H5921 Preposition-m | third person masculine singular
Verse 9

Original words

[The Chaldeans] seized וַֽיִּתְפְּשׂוּ֙ H8610 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker the king הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ H4428 Article | Noun - masculine singular and brought him up וַיַּעֲל֨וּ H5927 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural - אֹת֜וֹ H853 Direct object marker | third person masculine singular to אֶל־ H413 Preposition the king מֶ֧לֶךְ H4428 Noun - masculine singular construct of Babylon בָּבֶ֛ל H894 Noun - proper - feminine singular at Riblah רִבְלָ֖תָה H7247 Noun - proper - feminine singular | third person feminine singular in the land בְּאֶ֣רֶץ H776 Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct of Hamath חֲמָ֑ת H2574 Noun - proper - feminine singular where he pronounced וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר H1696 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular judgment מִשְׁפָּטִֽים׃ H4941 Noun - masculine plural on [Zedekiah] אִתּ֖וֹ H854 Preposition | third person masculine singular
Verse 10

Original words

There at Riblah בְּרִבְלָֽתָה׃ H7247 Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singular | third person feminine singular the king מֶֽלֶךְ־ H4428 Noun - masculine singular construct of Babylon בָּבֶ֛ל H894 Noun - proper - feminine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker slaughtered וַיִּשְׁחַ֧ט H7819 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular the sons בְּנֵ֥י H1121 Noun - masculine plural construct of Zedekiah צִדְקִיָּ֖הוּ H6667 Noun - proper - masculine singular before his eyes לְעֵינָ֑יו H5869 Preposition-l | Noun - cdc | third person masculine singular and he also וְגַ֛ם H1571 Conjunction killed שָׁחַ֥ט H7819 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular אֶת־ אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker all כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct the officials שָׂרֵ֥י H8269 Noun - masculine plural construct of Judah יְהוּדָ֖ה H3063 Noun - proper - masculine singular
Verse 11

Original words

- וְאֶת־ H853 Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker Then he put out עִוֵּ֑ר H5786 Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular Zedekiah’s צִדְקִיָּ֖הוּ H6667 Noun - proper - masculine singular eyes עֵינֵ֥י H5869 Noun - cdc bound וַיַּאַסְרֵ֣הוּ H631 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular him מֶֽלֶךְ־ H4428 Noun - masculine singular construct with bronze shackles בַֽנְחֻשְׁתַּ֗יִם H5178 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - fd and took him וַיְבִאֵ֤הוּ H935 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular to Babylon בָּבֶל֙ H894 Noun - proper - feminine singular [where] בָּבֶ֔לָה H894 Noun - proper - feminine singular | third person feminine singular he kept him וַיִּתְּנֵ֥הוּ H5414 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular in custody בְבֵית H1004 Noun - masculine singular construct . . . הַפְּקֻדֹּ֖ת H6486 Article | Noun - feminine plural until עַד־ H5704 Preposition his dying מוֹתֽוֹ׃ H4194 Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular day י֥וֹם H3117 Noun - masculine singular construct

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.