Focused Passage

Genesis 18:1-8

The LORD Visits Abraham, Reaffirms the Promised Son, and Reveals His Just Judgment on Sodom

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1 Then the LORD appeared to Abraham by the Oaks of Mamre in the heat of the day, while he was sitting at the entrance of his tent.

2 And Abraham looked up and saw three men standing nearby. When he saw them, he ran from the entrance of his tent to meet them and bowed low to the ground.

3 “My lord,” said Abraham, “if I have found favor in your sight, please do not pass your servant by.

4 Let a little water be brought, that you may wash your feet and rest yourselves under the tree.

5 And I will bring a bit of bread so that you may refresh yourselves. This is why you have passed your servant’s way. After that, you may continue on your way.” “Yes,” they replied, “you may do as you have said.”

6 So Abraham hurried into the tent and said to Sarah, “Quick! Prepare three seahs of fine flour, knead it, and bake some bread.”

7 Meanwhile, Abraham ran to the herd, selected a tender and choice calf, and gave it to a servant, who hurried to prepare it.

8 Then Abraham brought curds and milk and the calf that had been prepared, and he set them before the men and stood by them under the tree as they ate.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Original words

Then the LORD יְהוָ֔ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular appeared וַיֵּרָ֤א H7200 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular to [Abraham] אֵלָיו֙ H413 Preposition | third person masculine singular by the Oaks בְּאֵלֹנֵ֖י H436 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine plural construct of Mamre מַמְרֵ֑א H4471 Noun - proper - feminine singular in the heat כְּחֹ֥ם H2527 Preposition-k | Noun - masculine singular construct of the day הַיּֽוֹם׃ H3117 Article | Noun - masculine singular while he וְה֛וּא H1931 Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - third person masculine singular was sitting יֹשֵׁ֥ב H3427 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular at the entrance פֶּֽתַח־ H6607 Noun - masculine singular construct of his tent הָאֹ֖הֶל H168 Article | Noun - masculine singular

BSB notes

  • Or Terebinths or Great Trees
Verse 2

Original words

And [Abraham] looked up וַיִּשָּׂ֤א H5375 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular . . . עֵינָיו֙ H5869 Noun - cdc | third person masculine singular and saw וַיַּ֔רְא H7200 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular . . . וְהִנֵּה֙ H2009 Conjunctive waw | Interjection three שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה H7969 Number - masculine singular men אֲנָשִׁ֔ים H582 Noun - masculine plural standing נִצָּבִ֖ים H5324 Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine plural nearby עָלָ֑יו H5921 Preposition | third person masculine singular When he saw them וַיַּ֗רְא H7200 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular he ran from וַיָּ֤רָץ H7323 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular the entrance מִפֶּ֣תַח H6607 Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular construct of his tent הָאֹ֔הֶל H168 Article | Noun - masculine singular to meet them לִקְרָאתָם֙ H7122 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | third person masculine plural and bowed low וַיִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ H7812 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hitpael - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular to the ground אָֽרְצָה׃ H776 Noun - feminine singular | third person feminine singular
Verse 3

Original words

My lord אֲדֹנָ֗י H113 Noun - proper - masculine singular said [Abraham] וַיֹּאמַ֑ר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular if אִם־ H518 Conjunction I have found מָצָ֤אתִי H4672 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular favor חֵן֙ H2580 Noun - masculine singular in your sight בְּעֵינֶ֔יךָ H5869 Preposition-b | Noun - cdc | second person masculine singular please נָ֨א H4994 Interjection do not אַל־ H408 Adverb . . . נָ֥א H4994 Interjection pass תַעֲבֹ֖ר H5674 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular . . . מֵעַ֥ל H5921 Preposition-m your servant {by} עַבְדֶּֽךָ׃ H5650 Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular
Verse 4

Original words

Let a little מְעַט־ H4592 Adjective - masculine singular construct water מַ֔יִם H4325 Noun - masculine plural be brought יֻקַּֽח־ H3947 Verb - QalPass - Imperfect - third person masculine singular . . . נָ֣א H4994 Interjection that you may wash וְרַחֲצ֖וּ H7364 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural your feet רַגְלֵיכֶ֑ם H7272 Noun - feminine dual construct | second person masculine plural and rest וְהִֽשָּׁעֲנ֖וּ H8172 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Imperative - masculine plural yourselves under תַּ֥חַת H8478 Preposition the tree הָעֵֽץ׃ H6086 Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 5

Original words

And I will bring וְאֶקְחָ֨ה H3947 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative - first person common singular a bit פַת־ H6595 Noun - feminine singular construct of bread לֶ֜חֶם H3899 Noun - masculine singular so that you may refresh וְסַעֲד֤וּ H5582 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural yourselves לִבְּכֶם֙ H3820 Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine plural This is why כִּֽי־ H3588 Conjunction . . . עַל־ H5921 Preposition . . . כֵּ֥ן H3651 Adverb you have passed תַּעֲבֹ֔רוּ H5674 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural your servant’s way עַבְדְּכֶ֑ם H5650 Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine plural After that אַחַ֣ר H310 Adverb you may continue on your way עֲבַרְתֶּ֖ם H5674 Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine plural . . . עַֽל־ H5921 Preposition Yes כֵּ֥ן H3651 Adverb they replied וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural you may do תַּעֲשֶׂ֖ה H6213 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular as כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר H834 Preposition-k | Pronoun - relative you have said דִּבַּֽרְתָּ׃ H1696 Verb - Piel - Perfect - second person masculine singular
Verse 6

Original words

So Abraham אַבְרָהָ֛ם H85 Noun - proper - masculine singular hurried וַיְמַהֵ֧ר H4116 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular into the tent הָאֹ֖הֱלָה H168 Article | Noun - masculine singular | third person feminine singular and said וַיֹּ֗אמֶר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular to אֶל־ H413 Preposition Sarah שָׂרָ֑ה H8283 Noun - proper - feminine singular Quick! Prepare מַהֲרִ֞י H4116 Verb - Piel - Imperative - feminine singular three שְׁלֹ֤שׁ H7969 Number - feminine singular construct seahs סְאִים֙ H5429 Noun - feminine plural of fine סֹ֔לֶת H5560 Noun - feminine singular flour קֶ֣מַח H7058 Noun - masculine singular knead it ל֖וּשִׁי H3888 Verb - Qal - Imperative - feminine singular and bake וַעֲשִׂ֥י H6213 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - feminine singular some bread עֻגֽוֹת׃ H5692 Noun - feminine plural

BSB notes

  • 3 seahs is approximately 19.8 dry quarts or 21.9 liters (probably about 24.5 pounds or 11.1 kilograms of flour).
Verse 7

Original words

Meanwhile, Abraham אַבְרָהָ֑ם H85 Noun - proper - masculine singular ran רָ֣ץ H7323 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular to וְאֶל־ H413 Conjunctive waw | Preposition the herd הַבָּקָ֖ר H1241 Article | Noun - masculine singular selected וַיִּקַּ֨ח H3947 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular a tender רַ֤ךְ H7390 Adjective - masculine singular and choice וָטוֹב֙ H2896 Conjunctive waw | Adjective - masculine singular calf בֶּן־ H1121 Noun - masculine singular construct . . . בָּקָ֜ר H1241 Noun - masculine singular and gave וַיִּתֵּ֣ן H5414 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular it to אֶל־ H413 Preposition a servant הַנַּ֔עַר H5288 Article | Noun - masculine singular who hurried וַיְמַהֵ֖ר H4116 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular to prepare לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת H6213 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct it אֹתֽוֹ׃ H853 Direct object marker | third person masculine singular
Verse 8

Original words

Then Abraham brought וַיִּקַּ֨ח H3947 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular curds חֶמְאָ֜ה H2529 Noun - feminine singular and milk וְחָלָ֗ב H2461 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular and the calf וּבֶן־ H1121 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct . . . הַבָּקָר֙ H1241 Article | Noun - masculine singular that אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834 Pronoun - relative had been prepared עָשָׂ֔ה H6213 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular and he set them וַיִּתֵּ֖ן H5414 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular before the men לִפְנֵיהֶ֑ם H6440 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural and וְהֽוּא־ H1931 Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - third person masculine singular stood עֹמֵ֧ד H5975 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular by them עֲלֵיהֶ֛ם H5921 Preposition | third person masculine plural under תַּ֥חַת H8478 Preposition the tree הָעֵ֖ץ H6086 Article | Noun - masculine singular as they ate וַיֹּאכֵֽלוּ׃ H398 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.