Focused Passage

Isaiah 21:1-10

The Fall of Babylon, the Watchman’s Night, and the Oracle Against Arabia

The chapter moves from a terrifying vision of invasion sweeping through the desert, to the prophet’s anguish, to a scene of feasting interrupted by military preparation, to the commissioning of a watchman, to the report that Babylon has fallen and its gods lie shattered, then to Dumah/Edom’s anxious question about the night, and finally to Arabia’s refugee crisis and the timed collapse of Kedar’s glory.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1 This is the burden against the Desert by the Sea: Like whirlwinds sweeping through the Negev, an invader comes from the desert, from a land of terror.

2 A dire vision is declared to me: “The traitor still betrays, and the destroyer still destroys. Go up, O Elam! Lay siege, O Media! I will put an end to all her groaning.”

3 Therefore my body is filled with anguish. Pain grips me, like the pains of a woman in labor. I am bewildered to hear, I am dismayed to see.

4 My heart falters; fear makes me tremble. The twilight I desired has turned to horror.

5 They prepare a table, they lay out a carpet, they eat, they drink! Rise up, O princes, oil the shields!

6 For this is what the Lord says to me: “Go, post a lookout and have him report what he sees.

7 When he sees chariots with teams of horsemen, riders on donkeys, riders on camels, he must be alert, fully alert.”

8 Then the lookout shouted: “Day after day, my lord, I stand on the watchtower; night after night I stay at my post.

9 Look, here come the riders, horsemen in pairs.” And one answered, saying: “Fallen, fallen is Babylon! All the images of her gods lie shattered on the ground!”

10 O my people, crushed on the threshing floor, I tell you what I have heard from the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Original words

[This is] the burden מַשָּׂ֖א H4853 Noun - masculine singular construct against the Desert מִדְבַּר־ H4057 Noun - masculine singular construct by the Sea יָ֑ם H3220 Noun - masculine singular Like whirlwinds כְּסוּפ֤וֹת H5492 Preposition-k | Noun - feminine plural sweeping לַֽחֲלֹ֔ף H2498 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct through the Negev בַּנֶּ֙גֶב֙ H5045 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular [an invader] comes בָּ֔א H935 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular from the desert מִמִּדְבָּ֣ר H4057 Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular from a land מֵאֶ֖רֶץ H776 Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singular of terror נוֹרָאָֽה׃ H3372 Verb - Nifal - Participle - feminine singular
Verse 2

Original words

A dire קָשָׁ֖ה H7186 Adjective - feminine singular vision חָז֥וּת H2380 Noun - feminine singular is declared הֻגַּד־ H5046 Verb - Hofal - Perfect - third person masculine singular to me לִ֑י Preposition | first person common singular The traitor הַבּוֹגֵ֤ד׀ H898 Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular still betrays בּוֹגֵד֙ H898 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular and the destroyer וְהַשּׁוֹדֵ֣ד׀ H7703 Conjunctive waw, Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular still destroys שׁוֹדֵ֔ד H7703 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular Go up עֲלִ֤י H5927 Verb - Qal - Imperative - feminine singular O Elam עֵילָם֙ H5867 Noun - proper - feminine singular Lay siege צוּרִ֣י H6696 Verb - Qal - Imperative - feminine singular O Media מָדַ֔י H4074 Noun - proper - masculine singular I will put an end הִשְׁבַּֽתִּי׃ H7673 Verb - Hifil - Perfect - first person common singular to all כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct her groaning אַנְחָתָ֖ה H585 Noun - feminine singular construct | third person feminine singular
Verse 3

Original words

Therefore עַל־ H5921 Preposition . . . כֵּ֗ן H3651 Adverb my body מָתְנַי֙ H4975 Noun - masculine dual construct | first person common singular is filled מָלְא֤וּ H4390 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural with anguish חַלְחָלָ֔ה H2479 Noun - feminine singular Pain צִירִ֣ים H6735 Noun - masculine plural grips me אֲחָז֔וּנִי H270 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural | first person common singular like the pains כְּצִירֵ֖י H6735 Preposition-k | Noun - masculine plural construct of a woman in labor יֽוֹלֵדָ֑ה H3205 Verb - Qal - Participle - feminine singular I am bewildered נַעֲוֵ֣יתִי H5753 Verb - Nifal - Perfect - first person common singular to hear מִשְּׁמֹ֔עַ H8085 Preposition-m | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct I am dismayed נִבְהַ֖לְתִּי H926 Verb - Nifal - Perfect - first person common singular to see מֵרְאֽוֹת׃ H7200 Preposition-m | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Verse 4

Original words

My heart לְבָבִ֔י H3824 Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular falters תָּעָ֣ה H8582 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular fear פַּלָּצ֖וּת H6427 Noun - feminine singular makes me tremble בִּֽעֲתָ֑תְנִי H1204 Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person feminine singular | first person common singular - אֵ֚ת H853 Direct object marker The twilight נֶ֣שֶׁף H5399 Noun - masculine singular construct I desired חִשְׁקִ֔י H2837 Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular has turned שָׂ֥ם H7760 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular to horror לַחֲרָדָֽה׃ H2731 Preposition-l, Article | Noun - feminine singular
Verse 5

Original words

They prepare עָרֹ֧ךְ H6186 Verb - Qal - Infinitive absolute a table הַשֻּׁלְחָ֛ן H7979 Article | Noun - masculine singular they lay out צָפֹ֥ה H6823 Verb - Qal - Infinitive absolute a carpet הַצָּפִ֖ית H6844 Article | Noun - feminine singular they eat אָכ֣וֹל H398 Verb - Qal - Infinitive absolute they drink שָׁתֹ֑ה H8354 Verb - Qal - Infinitive absolute Rise up ק֥וּמוּ H6965 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural O princes הַשָּׂרִ֖ים H8269 Article | Noun - masculine plural oil מִשְׁח֥וּ H4886 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural the shields מָגֵֽן׃פ H4043 Noun - common singular
Verse 6

Original words

For כִּ֣י H3588 Conjunction this [is what] כֹ֥ה H3541 Adverb the Lord אֲדֹנָ֑י H136 Noun - proper - masculine singular says אָמַ֛ר H559 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular to me אֵלַ֖י H413 Preposition | first person common singular Go לֵ֚ךְ H1980 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular post הַעֲמֵ֣ד H5975 Verb - Hifil - Imperative - masculine singular a lookout הַֽמְצַפֶּ֔ה H6822 Article | Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine singular [and] have him report יַגִּֽיד׃ H5046 Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular what אֲשֶׁ֥ר H834 Pronoun - relative he sees יִרְאֶ֖ה H7200 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Verse 7

Original words

When he sees וְרָ֣אָה H7200 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular chariots רֶ֗כֶב H7393 Noun - masculine singular with teams צֶ֚מֶד H6776 Noun - masculine singular construct of horsemen פָּֽרָשִׁ֔ים H6571 Noun - masculine plural riders רֶ֥כֶב H7393 Noun - masculine singular construct on donkeys חֲמ֖וֹר H2543 Noun - masculine singular riders רֶ֣כֶב H7393 Noun - masculine singular construct on camels גָּמָ֑ל H1581 Noun - masculine singular he must be alert וְהִקְשִׁ֥יב H7181 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular . . . קֶ֖שֶׁב H7182 Noun - masculine singular fully רַב־ H7227 Adjective - masculine singular construct alert קָֽשֶׁב׃ H7182 Noun - masculine singular
Verse 8

Original words

Then the lookout אַרְיֵ֑ה H738 Noun - masculine singular shouted וַיִּקְרָ֖א H7121 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular Day תָּמִיד֙ H8548 Adverb after day יוֹמָ֔ם H3119 Adverb my lord אֲדֹנָ֗י H136 Noun - proper - masculine singular I אָנֹכִ֞י H595 Pronoun - first person common singular stand עֹמֵ֤ד H5975 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular on עַל־ H5921 Preposition the watchtower מִצְפֶּ֣ה׀ H4707 Noun - masculine singular night after כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct night הַלֵּילֽוֹת׃ H3915 Article | Noun - masculine plural I אָנֹכִ֥י H595 Pronoun - first person common singular stay נִצָּ֖ב H5324 Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine singular at וְעַל־ H5921 Conjunctive waw | Preposition my post מִ֨שְׁמַרְתִּ֔י H4931 Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singular

BSB notes

  • DSS and Syriac; MT lion
Verse 9

Original words

Look וְהִנֵּה־ H2009 Conjunctive waw | Interjection here זֶ֥ה H2088 Pronoun - masculine singular come בָא֙ H935 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular the riders רֶ֣כֶב H7393 Noun - masculine singular construct . . . אִ֔ישׁ H376 Noun - masculine singular horsemen פָּֽרָשִׁ֑ים H6571 Noun - masculine plural in pairs צֶ֖מֶד H6776 Noun - masculine singular construct And one answered וַיַּ֣עַן H6030 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular saying וַיֹּ֗אמֶר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular Fallen נָפְלָ֤ה H5307 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular fallen is נָֽפְלָה֙ H5307 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular Babylon בָּבֶ֔ל H894 Noun - proper - feminine singular All וְכָל־ H3605 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct the images פְּסִילֵ֥י H6456 Noun - masculine plural construct of her gods אֱלֹהֶ֖יהָ H430 Noun - masculine plural construct | third person feminine singular lie shattered שִׁבַּ֥ר H7665 Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular on the ground לָאָֽרֶץ׃ H776 Preposition-l, Article | Noun - feminine singular

BSB notes

  • See Revelation 14:8 and Revelation 18:2.
Verse 10

Original words

O my people וּבֶן־ H1121 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct crushed מְדֻשָׁתִ֖י H4098 Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singular on the threshing floor גָּרְנִ֑י H1637 Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singular I tell הִגַּ֥דְתִּי H5046 Verb - Hifil - Perfect - first person common singular you לָכֶֽם׃ס Preposition | second person masculine plural what אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834 Pronoun - relative I have heard שָׁמַ֗עְתִּי H8085 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular from מֵאֵ֨ת H854 Preposition-m | Direct object marker the LORD יְהוָ֧ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular of Hosts צְבָא֛וֹת H6635 Noun - common plural the God אֱלֹהֵ֥י H430 Noun - masculine plural construct of Israel יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.