Focused Passage

Isaiah 21:1-10

The Fall of Babylon, the Watchman’s Night, and the Oracle Against Arabia

The chapter moves from a terrifying vision of invasion sweeping through the desert, to the prophet’s anguish, to a scene of feasting interrupted by military preparation, to the commissioning of a watchman, to the report that Babylon has fallen and its gods lie shattered, then to Dumah/Edom’s anxious question about the night, and finally to Arabia’s refugee crisis and the timed collapse of Kedar’s glory.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1This is the burden against the Desert by the Sea: Like whirlwinds sweeping through the Negev, an invader comes from the desert, from a land of terror.

2A dire vision is declared to me: “The traitor still betrays, and the destroyer still destroys. Go up, O Elam! Lay siege, O Media! I will put an end to all her groaning.”

3Therefore my body is filled with anguish. Pain grips me, like the pains of a woman in labor. I am bewildered to hear, I am dismayed to see.

4My heart falters; fear makes me tremble. The twilight I desired has turned to horror.

5They prepare a table, they lay out a carpet, they eat, they drink! Rise up, O princes, oil the shields!

6For this is what the Lord says to me: “Go, post a lookout and have him report what he sees.

7When he sees chariots with teams of horsemen, riders on donkeys, riders on camels, he must be alert, fully alert.”

8Then the lookout shouted: “Day after day, my lord, I stand on the watchtower; night after night I stay at my post.

9Look, here come the riders, horsemen in pairs.” And one answered, saying: “Fallen, fallen is Babylon! All the images of her gods lie shattered on the ground!”

10O my people, crushed on the threshing floor, I tell you what I have heard from the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Original words

[This is] the burdenמַשָּׂ֖אH4853Noun - masculine singular constructagainst the Desertמִדְבַּר־H4057Noun - masculine singular constructby the Seaיָ֑םH3220Noun - masculine singularLike whirlwindsכְּסוּפ֤וֹתH5492Preposition-k | Noun - feminine pluralsweepingלַֽחֲלֹ֔ףH2498Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructthrough the Negevבַּנֶּ֙גֶב֙H5045Preposition-b, Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular[an invader] comesבָּ֔אH935Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularfrom the desertמִמִּדְבָּ֣רH4057Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singularfrom a landמֵאֶ֖רֶץH776Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singularof terrorנוֹרָאָֽה׃H3372Verb - Nifal - Participle - feminine singular
Verse 2

Original words

A direקָשָׁ֖הH7186Adjective - feminine singularvisionחָז֥וּתH2380Noun - feminine singularis declaredהֻגַּד־H5046Verb - Hofal - Perfect - third person masculine singularto meלִ֑יPreposition | first person common singularThe traitorהַבּוֹגֵ֤ד׀H898Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularstill betraysבּוֹגֵד֙H898Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularand the destroyerוְהַשּׁוֹדֵ֣ד׀H7703Conjunctive waw, Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularstill destroysשׁוֹדֵ֔דH7703Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularGo upעֲלִ֤יH5927Verb - Qal - Imperative - feminine singularO Elamעֵילָם֙H5867Noun - proper - feminine singularLay siegeצוּרִ֣יH6696Verb - Qal - Imperative - feminine singularO Mediaמָדַ֔יH4074Noun - proper - masculine singularI will put an endהִשְׁבַּֽתִּי׃H7673Verb - Hifil - Perfect - first person common singularto allכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructher groaningאַנְחָתָ֖הH585Noun - feminine singular construct | third person feminine singular
Verse 3

Original words

Thereforeעַל־H5921Preposition. . .כֵּ֗ןH3651Adverbmy bodyמָתְנַי֙H4975Noun - masculine dual construct | first person common singularis filledמָלְא֤וּH4390Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralwith anguishחַלְחָלָ֔הH2479Noun - feminine singularPainצִירִ֣יםH6735Noun - masculine pluralgrips meאֲחָז֔וּנִיH270Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural | first person common singularlike the painsכְּצִירֵ֖יH6735Preposition-k | Noun - masculine plural constructof a woman in laborיֽוֹלֵדָ֑הH3205Verb - Qal - Participle - feminine singularI am bewilderedנַעֲוֵ֣יתִיH5753Verb - Nifal - Perfect - first person common singularto hearמִשְּׁמֹ֔עַH8085Preposition-m | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructI am dismayedנִבְהַ֖לְתִּיH926Verb - Nifal - Perfect - first person common singularto seeמֵרְאֽוֹת׃H7200Preposition-m | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Verse 4

Original words

My heartלְבָבִ֔יH3824Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singularfaltersתָּעָ֣הH8582Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularfearפַּלָּצ֖וּתH6427Noun - feminine singularmakes me trembleבִּֽעֲתָ֑תְנִיH1204Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person feminine singular | first person common singular-אֵ֚תH853Direct object markerThe twilightנֶ֣שֶׁףH5399Noun - masculine singular constructI desiredחִשְׁקִ֔יH2837Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singularhas turnedשָׂ֥םH7760Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularto horrorלַחֲרָדָֽה׃H2731Preposition-l, Article | Noun - feminine singular
Verse 5

Original words

They prepareעָרֹ֧ךְH6186Verb - Qal - Infinitive absolutea tableהַשֻּׁלְחָ֛ןH7979Article | Noun - masculine singularthey lay outצָפֹ֥הH6823Verb - Qal - Infinitive absolutea carpetהַצָּפִ֖יתH6844Article | Noun - feminine singularthey eatאָכ֣וֹלH398Verb - Qal - Infinitive absolutethey drinkשָׁתֹ֑הH8354Verb - Qal - Infinitive absoluteRise upק֥וּמוּH6965Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine pluralO princesהַשָּׂרִ֖יםH8269Article | Noun - masculine pluraloilמִשְׁח֥וּH4886Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine pluralthe shieldsמָגֵֽן׃פH4043Noun - common singular
Verse 6

Original words

Forכִּ֣יH3588Conjunctionthis [is what]כֹ֥הH3541Adverbthe Lordאֲדֹנָ֑יH136Noun - proper - masculine singularsaysאָמַ֛רH559Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularto meאֵלַ֖יH413Preposition | first person common singularGoלֵ֚ךְH1980Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singularpostהַעֲמֵ֣דH5975Verb - Hifil - Imperative - masculine singulara lookoutהַֽמְצַפֶּ֔הH6822Article | Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine singular[and] have him reportיַגִּֽיד׃H5046Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singularwhatאֲשֶׁ֥רH834Pronoun - relativehe seesיִרְאֶ֖הH7200Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Verse 7

Original words

When he seesוְרָ֣אָהH7200Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singularchariotsרֶ֗כֶבH7393Noun - masculine singularwith teamsצֶ֚מֶדH6776Noun - masculine singular constructof horsemenפָּֽרָשִׁ֔יםH6571Noun - masculine pluralridersרֶ֥כֶבH7393Noun - masculine singular constructon donkeysחֲמ֖וֹרH2543Noun - masculine singularridersרֶ֣כֶבH7393Noun - masculine singular constructon camelsגָּמָ֑לH1581Noun - masculine singularhe must be alertוְהִקְשִׁ֥יבH7181Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular. . .קֶ֖שֶׁבH7182Noun - masculine singularfullyרַב־H7227Adjective - masculine singular constructalertקָֽשֶׁב׃H7182Noun - masculine singular
Verse 8

Original words

Then the lookoutאַרְיֵ֑הH738Noun - masculine singularshoutedוַיִּקְרָ֖אH7121Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularDayתָּמִיד֙H8548Adverbafter dayיוֹמָ֔םH3119Adverbmy lordאֲדֹנָ֗יH136Noun - proper - masculine singularIאָנֹכִ֞יH595Pronoun - first person common singularstandעֹמֵ֤דH5975Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularonעַל־H5921Prepositionthe watchtowerמִצְפֶּ֣ה׀H4707Noun - masculine singularnight afterכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructnightהַלֵּילֽוֹת׃H3915Article | Noun - masculine pluralIאָנֹכִ֥יH595Pronoun - first person common singularstayנִצָּ֖בH5324Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine singularatוְעַל־H5921Conjunctive waw | Prepositionmy postמִ֨שְׁמַרְתִּ֔יH4931Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singular

BSB notes

  • DSS and Syriac; MT lion
Verse 9

Original words

Lookוְהִנֵּה־H2009Conjunctive waw | Interjectionhereזֶ֥הH2088Pronoun - masculine singularcomeבָא֙H935Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularthe ridersרֶ֣כֶבH7393Noun - masculine singular construct. . .אִ֔ישׁH376Noun - masculine singularhorsemenפָּֽרָשִׁ֑יםH6571Noun - masculine pluralin pairsצֶ֖מֶדH6776Noun - masculine singular constructAnd one answeredוַיַּ֣עַןH6030Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularsayingוַיֹּ֗אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularFallenנָפְלָ֤הH5307Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singularfallen isנָֽפְלָה֙H5307Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singularBabylonבָּבֶ֔לH894Noun - proper - feminine singularAllוְכָל־H3605Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular constructthe imagesפְּסִילֵ֥יH6456Noun - masculine plural constructof her godsאֱלֹהֶ֖יהָH430Noun - masculine plural construct | third person feminine singularlie shatteredשִׁבַּ֥רH7665Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singularon the groundלָאָֽרֶץ׃H776Preposition-l, Article | Noun - feminine singular

BSB notes

  • See Revelation 14:8 and Revelation 18:2.
Verse 10

Original words

O my peopleוּבֶן־H1121Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular constructcrushedמְדֻשָׁתִ֖יH4098Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singularon the threshing floorגָּרְנִ֑יH1637Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singularI tellהִגַּ֥דְתִּיH5046Verb - Hifil - Perfect - first person common singularyouלָכֶֽם׃סPreposition | second person masculine pluralwhatאֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relativeI have heardשָׁמַ֗עְתִּיH8085Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singularfromמֵאֵ֨תH854Preposition-m | Direct object markerthe LORDיְהוָ֧הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularof Hostsצְבָא֛וֹתH6635Noun - common pluralthe Godאֱלֹהֵ֥יH430Noun - masculine plural constructof Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֖לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.