Focused Passage

Isaiah 36:11-22

Assyria’s Threat and the Test of Trust

Isaiah 36 moves from Sennacherib’s invasion of Judah, to Rabshakeh’s confrontation at Jerusalem’s water source, to his public challenge against Hezekiah’s confidence, to his theological distortion of the LORD’s will, to his promise of false peace under Assyrian exile, and finally to the silent obedience of Hezekiah’s officials as they return with torn clothes.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

11Then Eliakim, Shebna, and Joah said to the Rabshakeh, “Please speak to your servants in Aramaic, since we understand it. Do not speak to us in Hebrew in the hearing of the people on the wall.”

12But the Rabshakeh replied, “Has my master sent me to speak these words only to you and your master, and not to the men sitting on the wall, who are destined with you to eat their own dung and drink their own urine?”

13Then the Rabshakeh stood and called out loudly in Hebrew: “Hear the words of the great king, the king of Assyria!

14This is what the king says: Do not let Hezekiah deceive you, for he cannot deliver you.

15Do not let Hezekiah persuade you to trust in the LORD when he says, ‘The LORD will surely deliver us; this city will not be given into the hand of the king of Assyria.’

16Do not listen to Hezekiah, for this is what the king of Assyria says: Make peace with me and come out to me. Then every one of you will eat from his own vine and his own fig tree, and drink water from his own cistern,

17until I come and take you away to a land like your own—a land of grain and new wine, a land of bread and vineyards.

18Do not let Hezekiah mislead you when he says, ‘The LORD will deliver us.’ Has the god of any nation ever delivered his land from the hand of the king of Assyria?

19Where are the gods of Hamath and Arpad? Where are the gods of Sepharvaim? Have they delivered Samaria from my hand?

20Who among all the gods of these lands has delivered his land from my hand? How then can the LORD deliver Jerusalem from my hand?”

21But the people remained silent and did not answer a word, for Hezekiah had commanded, “Do not answer him.”

22Then Hilkiah’s son Eliakim the palace administrator, Shebna the scribe, and Asaph’s son Joah the recorder came to Hezekiah with their clothes torn, and they relayed to him the words of the Rabshakeh.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 11

Original words

Then Eliakimאֶלְיָקִים֩H471Noun - proper - masculine singularShebnaוְשֶׁבְנָ֨אH7644Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singularand Joahוְיוֹאָ֜חH3098Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singularsaidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singulartoאֶל־H413Prepositionvvvרַב־H7262Noun - masculine singularthe Rabshakehשָׁקֵ֗הH7262Noun - masculine singularPleaseנָ֤אH4994Interjectionspeakדַּבֶּר־H1696Verb - Piel - Imperative - masculine singulartoאֶל־H413Prepositionyour servantsעֲבָדֶ֙יךָ֙H5650Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singularin Aramaicאֲרָמִ֔יתH762Noun - proper - feminine singularsinceכִּ֥יH3588Conjunctionweאֲנָ֑חְנוּH587Pronoun - first person common pluralunderstand itשֹׁמְעִ֖יםH8085Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralDo notוְאַל־H408Conjunctive waw | Adverbspeakתְּדַבֵּ֤רH1696Verb - Piel - Imperfect - second person masculine singularto usאֵלֵ֙ינוּ֙H413Preposition | first person common pluralin Hebrewיְהוּדִ֔יתH3066Noun - proper - feminine singularin the hearingבְּאָזְנֵ֣יH241Preposition-b | Noun - feminine dual constructof the peopleהָעָ֔םH5971Article | Noun - masculine singular-אֲשֶׁ֖רH834Pronoun - relativeonעַל־H5921Prepositionthe wallהַחוֹמָֽה׃H2346Article | Noun - feminine singular

BSB notes

  • Or in the dialect of Judah; also in verse 13
Verse 12

Original words

vvvרַב־H7262Noun - masculine singularBut the Rabshakehשָׁקֵ֗הH7262Noun - masculine singularrepliedוַיֹּ֣אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularHas my masterאֲדֹנֶ֤יךָH113Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singularsent meשְׁלָחַ֣נִיH7971Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | first person common singularto speakלְדַבֵּ֖רH1696Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct-אֶת־H853Direct object markertheseהָאֵ֑לֶּהH428Article | Pronoun - common pluralwordsהַדְּבָרִ֣יםH1697Article | Noun - masculine pluralonly toהַאֶ֨לH413Prepositionyou andוְאֵלֶ֙יךָ֙H413Conjunctive waw | Preposition | second person masculine singularyour masterאֲדֹנִ֔יH113Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singularand notהֲלֹ֣אH3808Adverb - Negative particletoעַל־H5921Prepositionthe menהָאֲנָשִׁ֗יםH582Article | Noun - masculine pluralsittingהַיֹּֽשְׁבִים֙H3427Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralonעַל־H5921Prepositionthe wallהַ֣חוֹמָ֔הH2346Article | Noun - feminine singularwho are destined with youעִמָּכֶֽם׃H5973Preposition | second person masculine pluralto eatלֶאֱכֹ֣לH398Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct-אֶת־H853Direct object markertheir own dungחַרְאֵיהֶםH2716Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine pluraland drinkוְלִשְׁתּ֛וֹתH8354Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct-אֶת־H853Direct object markertheir own urineשֵׁינֵיהֶםH7890Noun - cdc | third person masculine plural
Verse 13

Original words

vvvרַב־H7262Noun - masculine singularThen the Rabshakehשָׁקֵ֔הH7262Noun - masculine singularstoodוַֽיַּעֲמֹד֙H5975Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularand called outוַיִּקְרָ֥אH7121Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularloudlyבְקוֹל־H6963Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular. . .גָּד֖וֹלH1419Adjective - masculine singularin Hebrewיְהוּדִ֑יתH3066Noun - proper - feminine singular. . .וַיֹּ֕אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularHearשִׁמְע֗וּH8085Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe wordsדִּבְרֵ֛יH1697Noun - masculine plural constructof the greatהַגָּד֖וֹלH1419Article | Adjective - masculine singularkingהַמֶּ֥לֶךְH4428Article | Noun - masculine singularthe kingמֶ֥לֶךְH4428Noun - masculine singular constructof Assyriaאַשּֽׁוּר׃H804Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 14

Original words

This is whatכֹּ֚הH3541Adverbthe kingהַמֶּ֔לֶךְH4428Article | Noun - masculine singularsaysאָמַ֣רH559Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularDo notאַל־H408Adverblet Hezekiahחִזְקִיָּ֑הוּH2396Noun - proper - masculine singulardeceiveיַשִּׁ֥אH5377Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singularyouלָכֶ֖םPreposition | second person masculine pluralforכִּ֥יH3588Conjunctionhe cannotלֹֽא־H3808Adverb - Negative particle. . .יוּכַ֖לH3201Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singulardeliverלְהַצִּ֥ילH5337Preposition-l | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive constructyouאֶתְכֶֽם׃H853Direct object marker | second person masculine plural
Verse 15

Original words

Do notוְאַל־H408Conjunctive waw | Adverblet Hezekiahחִזְקִיָּ֙הוּ֙H2396Noun - proper - masculine singular. . .אֶל־H413Prepositionpersuade you to trustיַבְטַ֨חH982Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular-אֶתְכֶ֤םH853Direct object marker | second person masculine pluralin the LORDיְהוָ֣הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularwhen he saysלֵאמֹ֔רH559Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructThe LORDיְהוָ֑הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularwill surely deliver usהַצֵּ֥לH5337Verb - Hifil - Infinitive absolute. . .יַצִּילֵ֖נוּH5337Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | first person common pluralthisהַזֹּ֔אתH2063Article | Pronoun - feminine singularcityהָעִ֣ירH5892Article | Noun - feminine singularwill notלֹ֤אH3808Adverb - Negative particlebe givenתִנָּתֵן֙H5414Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person feminine singularinto the handבְּיַ֖דH3027Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular constructof the kingמֶ֥לֶךְH4428Noun - masculine singular constructof Assyriaאַשּֽׁוּר׃H804Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 16

Original words

Do notאַֽל־H408Adverblistenתִּשְׁמְע֖וּH8085Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine pluraltoאֶל־H413PrepositionHezekiahחִזְקִיָּ֑הוּסH2396Noun - proper - masculine singularforכִּי֩H3588Conjunctionthis is whatכֹ֨הH3541Adverbthe kingהַמֶּ֣לֶךְH4428Article | Noun - masculine singular constructof Assyriaאַשּׁ֗וּרH804Noun - proper - feminine singularsaysאָמַ֜רH559Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularMakeעֲשֽׂוּ־H6213Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine pluralpeaceבְרָכָה֙H1293Noun - feminine singularwith meאִתִּ֤יH854Preposition | first person common singularand come outוּצְא֣וּH3318Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine pluralto meאֵלַ֔יH413Preposition | first person common singularThen every one of youאִישׁ־H376Noun - masculine singularwill eatוְאִכְל֤וּH398Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine pluralfrom his own vineגַּפְנוֹ֙H1612Noun - common singular construct | third person masculine singularandוְאִ֣ישׁH376Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singularhis own fig treeתְּאֵנָת֔וֹH8384Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singularand drinkוּשְׁת֖וּH8354Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural. . .אִ֥ישׁH376Noun - masculine singularwaterמֵי־H4325Noun - masculine plural constructfrom his own cisternבוֹרֽוֹ׃H953Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular

BSB notes

  • Or Make a blessing with me
Verse 17

Original words

untilעַד־H5704PrepositionI comeבֹּאִ֕יH935Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | first person common singularand take you awayוְלָקַחְתִּ֥יH3947Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular-אֶתְכֶ֖םH853Direct object marker | second person masculine pluraltoאֶל־H413Prepositiona landאֶ֣רֶץH776Noun - feminine singularlike your ownכְּאַרְצְכֶ֑םH776Preposition-k | Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine plurala landאֶ֤רֶץH776Noun - feminine singular constructof grainדָּגָן֙H1715Noun - masculine singularand new wineוְתִיר֔וֹשׁH8492Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singulara landאֶ֥רֶץH776Noun - feminine singular constructof breadלֶ֖חֶםH3899Noun - masculine singularand vineyardsוּכְרָמִֽים׃H3754Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural
Verse 18

Original words

Do not letפֶּן־H6435ConjunctionHezekiahחִזְקִיָּ֙הוּ֙H2396Noun - proper - masculine singularmisleadיַסִּ֨יתH5496Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular-אֶתְכֶ֤םH853Direct object marker | second person masculine pluralyou when he saysלֵאמֹ֔רH559Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructThe LORDיְהוָ֖הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularwill deliver usיַצִּילֵ֑נוּH5337Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | first person common pluralHas the godאֱלֹהֵ֤יH430Noun - masculine plural constructof anyאִ֣ישׁH376Noun - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markernationהַגּוֹיִם֙H1471Article | Noun - masculine pluralever deliveredהַהִצִּ֜ילוּH5337Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person common pluralhis landאַרְצ֔וֹH776Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singularfrom the handמִיַּ֖דH3027Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singular constructof the kingמֶ֥לֶךְH4428Noun - masculine singular constructof Assyriaאַשּֽׁוּר׃H804Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 19

Original words

Whereאַיֵּ֞הH346Interrogativeare the godsאֱלֹהֵ֤יH430Noun - masculine plural constructof Hamathחֲמָת֙H2574Noun - proper - feminine singularand Arpadוְאַרְפָּ֔דH774Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - feminine singularWhereאַיֵּ֖הH346Interrogativeare the godsאֱלֹהֵ֣יH430Noun - masculine plural constructof Sepharvaimסְפַרְוָ֑יִםH5617Noun - proper - feminine singular. . .וְכִֽי־H3588ConjunctionHave they deliveredהִצִּ֥ילוּH5337Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person common plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markerSamariaשֹׁמְר֖וֹןH8111Noun - proper - feminine singularfrom my handמִיָּדִֽי׃H3027Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singular
Verse 20

Original words

Whoמִ֗יH4310Interrogativeamong allבְּכָל־H3605Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular constructthe godsאֱלֹהֵ֤יH430Noun - masculine plural constructof theseהָאֵ֔לֶּהH428Article | Pronoun - common plural-אֲשֶׁר־H834Pronoun - relativelandsהָֽאֲרָצוֹת֙H776Article | Noun - feminine pluralhas deliveredהִצִּ֥ילוּH5337Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person common plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markerhis landאַרְצָ֖םH776Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine pluralfrom my handמִיָּדִ֑יH3027Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singularHow thenכִּֽי־H3588Conjunctioncan the LORDיְהוָ֛הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerdeliverיַצִּ֧ילH5337Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singularJerusalemיְרוּשָׁלִַ֖םH3389Noun - proper - feminine singularfrom my handמִיָּדִֽי׃H3027Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singular
Verse 21

Original words

But [the people] remained silentוַֽיַּחֲרִ֔ישׁוּH2790Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluraland did notוְלֹֽא־H3808Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particleanswer a wordעָנ֥וּH6030Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural-אֹת֖וֹH853Direct object marker | third person masculine singular-דָּבָ֑רH1697Noun - masculine singularforכִּֽי־H3588Conjunction[Hezekiah]הַמֶּ֥לֶךְH4428Article | Noun - masculine singular. . .הִ֛יאH1931Pronoun - third person feminine singularhad commandedמִצְוַ֨תH4687Noun - feminine singular constructלֵאמֹ֖רלֵאמֹ֖רH559Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructDo notלֹ֥אH3808Adverb - Negative particleanswer himתַעֲנֻֽהוּ׃H6030Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural | third person masculine singular
Verse 22

Original words

Then Hilkiah’sחִלְקִיָּ֣הוּH2518Noun - proper - masculine singularsonבֶּן־H1121Noun - masculine singular constructEliakimאֶלְיָקִ֣יםH471Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֲשֶׁר־H834Pronoun - relativethe palaceהַ֠בַּיִתH1004Article | Noun - masculine singularadministratorעַל־H5921PrepositionShebnaוְשֶׁבְנָ֨אH7644Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singularthe scribeהַסּוֹפֵ֜רH5608Article | Noun - masculine singularand Asaph’sאָסָ֧ףH623Noun - proper - masculine singularsonבֶּן־H1121Noun - masculine singular constructJoahוְיוֹאָ֨חH3098Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singularthe recorderהַמַּזְכִּ֛ירH2142Article | Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine singularcameוַיָּבֹ֣אH935Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singulartoאֶל־H413PrepositionHezekiahחִזְקִיָּ֖הוּH2396Noun - proper - masculine singularwith their clothesבְגָדִ֑יםH899Noun - masculine pluraltornקְרוּעֵ֣יH7167Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine plural constructand they relayedוַיַּגִּ֣ידוּH5046Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralto himל֔וֹPreposition | third person masculine singular-אֵ֖תH853Direct object markerthe wordsדִּבְרֵ֥יH1697Noun - masculine plural constructvvvרַב־H7262Noun - masculine singularof [the] Rabshakehשָׁקֵֽה׃סH7262Noun - masculine singular

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