Focused Passage

Hosea 10:9-15

Israel's Fruitful Vine, False Security, and the Call to Sow Righteousness

Hosea 10 moves from Israel's abused prosperity and divided heart to the collapse of king, calf, shrine, and military confidence, then presses the people with an urgent call to sow righteousness before warning that they will reap the violent harvest of wickedness.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

9Since the days of Gibeah you have sinned, O Israel, and there you have remained. Did not the battle in Gibeah overtake the sons of iniquity?

10I will chasten them when I please; nations will be gathered against them to put them in bondage for their double transgression.

11Ephraim is a well-trained heifer that loves to thresh; but I will place a yoke on her fair neck. I will harness Ephraim, Judah will plow, and Jacob will break the hard ground.

12Sow for yourselves righteousness and reap the fruit of loving devotion; break up your unplowed ground. For it is time to seek the LORD until He comes and sends righteousness upon you like rain.

13You have plowed wickedness and reaped injustice; you have eaten the fruit of lies. Because you have trusted in your own way and in the multitude of your mighty men,

14the roar of battle will rise against your people, so that all your fortresses will be demolished as Shalman devastated Beth-arbel in the day of battle, when mothers were dashed to pieces along with their children.

15Thus it will be done to you, O Bethel, because of your great wickedness. When the day dawns, the king of Israel will be utterly cut off.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 9

Original words

Since the daysמִימֵי֙H3117Preposition-m | Noun - masculine plural constructof Gibeahהַגִּבְעָ֔הH1390Article | Noun - proper - feminine singularyou have sinnedחָטָ֖אתָH2398Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singularO Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֑לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singularand thereשָׁ֣םH8033Adverbyou have remainedעָמָ֔דוּH5975Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralDid notלֹֽא־H3808Adverb - Negative particlethe battleמִלְחָמָ֖הH4421Noun - feminine singularin Gibeahבַּגִּבְעָ֛הH1390Preposition-b, Article | Noun - proper - feminine singularovertakeתַשִּׂיגֵ֧םH5381Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person feminine singular | third person masculine pluralעַל־עַל־H5921Prepositionthe sonsבְּנֵ֥יH1121Noun - masculine plural constructof iniquityעַֽלְוָֽה׃H5932Noun - feminine singular

BSB notes

  • Or Did not the battle overtake the sons of iniquity in Gibeah?
Verse 10

Original words

I will chasten themוְאֶסֳּרֵ֑םH3256Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - first person common singular | third person masculine pluralwhen I pleaseבְּאַוָּתִ֖יH185Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singularnationsעַמִּ֔יםH5971Noun - masculine pluralwill be gatheredוְאֻסְּפ֤וּH622Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Conjunctive perfect - third person common pluralagainst themעֲלֵיהֶם֙H5921Preposition | third person masculine pluralto put them in bondageבְּאָסְרָ֖םH631Preposition-b | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | third person masculine pluralfor their doubleלִשְׁתֵּ֥יH8147Preposition-l | Number - feminine dual constructtransgressionעֵינֹתָם׃H5869Noun - common plural construct | third person masculine plural
Verse 11

Original words

Ephraimוְאֶפְרַ֜יִםH669Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singularis a well-trainedמְלֻמָּדָה֙H3925Verb - Pual - Participle - feminine singularheiferעֶגְלָ֤הH5697Noun - feminine singularthat lovesאֹהַ֣בְתִּיH157Verb - Qal - Participle - feminine singular constructto threshלָד֔וּשׁH1758Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructbut Iוַאֲנִ֣יH589Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - first person common singularwill place a yokeעָבַ֔רְתִּיH5674Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singularonעַל־H5921Prepositionher fairט֖וּבH2898Noun - masculine singular constructneckצַוָּארָ֑הּH6677Noun - masculine singular construct | third person feminine singularI will harnessאַרְכִּ֤יבH7392Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - first person common singularEphraimאֶפְרַ֙יִם֙H669Noun - proper - masculine singularJudahיְהוּדָ֔הH3063Noun - proper - masculine singularwill plowיַחֲר֣וֹשׁH2790Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular[and] Jacobיַעֲקֹֽב׃H3290Noun - proper - masculine singularwill break the hard groundיְשַׂדֶּד־H7702Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Verse 12

Original words

Sowזִרְע֨וּH2232Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine pluralfor yourselvesלָכֶ֤םPreposition | second person masculine pluralrighteousnessלִצְדָקָה֙H6666Preposition-l | Noun - feminine singularand reap the fruitקִצְר֣וּH7114Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural. . .לְפִי־H6310Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular constructof loving devotionחֶ֔סֶדH2617Noun - masculine singularbreak upנִ֥ירוּH5214Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine pluralyourלָכֶ֖םPreposition | second person masculine pluralunplowed groundנִ֑ירH5215Noun - masculine singularFor [it is] timeוְעֵת֙H6256Conjunctive waw | Noun - common singularto seekלִדְר֣וֹשׁH1875Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe LORDיְהוָ֔הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularuntilעַד־H5704PrepositionHe comesיָב֕וֹאH935Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singularand sends righteousnessצֶ֖דֶקH6664Noun - masculine singularupon youלָכֶֽם׃Preposition | second person masculine plurallike rainוְיֹרֶ֥הH3384Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Verse 13

Original words

You have plowedחֲרַשְׁתֶּם־H2790Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine pluralwickednessרֶ֛שַׁעH7562Noun - masculine singularand reapedקְצַרְתֶּ֖םH7114Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine pluralinjusticeעַוְלָ֥תָהH5766Noun - feminine singularyou have eatenאֲכַלְתֶּ֣םH398Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine pluralthe fruitפְּרִי־H6529Noun - masculine singular constructof liesכָ֑חַשׁH3585Noun - masculine singularBecauseכִּֽי־H3588Conjunctionyou have trustedבָטַ֥חְתָּH982Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singularin your own wayבְדַרְכְּךָ֖H1870Preposition-b | Noun - common singular construct | second person masculine singularand in the multitudeבְּרֹ֥בH7230Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular constructof your mighty menגִּבּוֹרֶֽיךָ׃H1368Adjective - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singular
Verse 14

Original words

the roar of battleשָׁאוֹן֮H7588Noun - masculine singularwill riseוְקָ֣אםH6965Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singularagainst your peopleבְּעַמֶּךָ֒H5971Preposition-b | Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singularso that allוְכָל־H3605Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular constructyour fortressesמִבְצָרֶ֣יךָH4013Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singularwill be demolishedיוּשַּׁ֔דH7703Verb - QalPass - Imperfect - third person masculine singularas Shalmanשַֽׁלְמַ֛ןH8020Noun - proper - masculine singularבֵּ֥יתבֵּ֥יתH1009Prepositiondevastatedכְּשֹׁ֧דH7701Preposition-k | Noun - masculine singular constructBeth-arbelאַֽרְבֵ֖אלH1009Noun - proper - feminine singularin the dayבְּי֣וֹםH3117Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular constructof battleמִלְחָמָ֑הH4421Noun - feminine singularwhen mothersאֵ֥םH517Noun - feminine singularwere dashed to piecesרֻטָּֽשָׁה׃H7376Verb - Pual - Perfect - third person feminine singularalong withעַל־H5921Prepositiontheir childrenבָּנִ֖יםH1121Noun - masculine plural
Verse 15

Original words

Thusכָּ֗כָהH3602Adverbit will be doneעָשָׂ֤הH6213Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularto youלָכֶם֙Preposition | second person masculine pluralvvvבֵּֽית־H1008PrepositionO Bethelאֵ֔לH1008Noun - proper - feminine singularbecause ofמִפְּנֵ֖יH6440Preposition-m | Noun - common plural constructyour greatרָֽעַתְכֶ֑םH7451Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine pluralwickednessרָעַ֣תH7451Noun - feminine singular constructWhen the day dawnsבַּשַּׁ֕חַרH7837Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singularthe kingמֶ֥לֶךְH4428Noun - masculine singular constructof Israelיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃H3478Noun - proper - masculine singularwill be utterly cut offנִדְמֹ֥הH1820Verb - Nifal - Infinitive absolute. . .נִדְמָ֖הH1820Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.