Focused Passage

Jeremiah 34:17-22

Broken Covenant, Re-Enslaved Servants, and the Liberty of Judgment

The chapter moves from a word of judgment and limited mercy to Zedekiah, to the covenant reform releasing Hebrew servants, to Judah's reversal and re-enslavement, to the LORD's indictment, and finally to the judgment of sword, plague, famine, corpse shame, and Babylon's return.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

17Therefore this is what the LORD says: You have not obeyed Me; you have not proclaimed freedom, each man for his brother and for his neighbor. So now I proclaim freedom for you, declares the LORD—freedom to fall by sword, by plague, and by famine! I will make you a horror to all the kingdoms of the earth.

18And those who have transgressed My covenant and have not fulfilled the terms of the covenant they made before Me, I will treat like the calf they cut in two in order to pass between its pieces.

19The officials of Judah and Jerusalem, the court officials, the priests, and all the people of the land who passed between the pieces of the calf,

20I will deliver into the hands of their enemies who seek their lives. Their corpses will become food for the birds of the air and the beasts of the earth.

21And I will deliver Zedekiah king of Judah and his officials into the hands of their enemies who seek their lives, to the army of the king of Babylon that had withdrawn from you.

22Behold, I am going to give the command, declares the LORD, and I will bring them back to this city. They will fight against it, capture it, and burn it down. And I will make the cities of Judah a desolation, without inhabitant.”

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 17

Original words

Thereforeלָכֵן֮H3651Adverbthis is whatכֹּה־H3541Adverbthe LORDיְהוָה֒H3068Noun - proper - masculine singularsaysאָמַ֣רH559Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularYouאַתֶּם֙H859Pronoun - second person masculine pluralhave notלֹֽא־H3808Adverb - Negative particleobeyedשְׁמַעְתֶּ֣םH8085Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine pluralMeאֵלַ֔יH413Preposition | first person common singularyou have not proclaimedלִקְרֹ֣אH7121Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructfreedomדְר֔וֹרH1865Noun - masculine singulareach manאִ֥ישׁH376Noun - masculine singularfor his brotherלְאָחִ֖יוH251Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular. . .וְאִ֣ישׁH376Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singularand for his neighborלְרֵעֵ֑הוּH7453Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularSo nowהִנְנִ֣יH2005Interjection | first person common singularI proclaimקֹרֵא֩H7121Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularfreedomדְּר֜וֹרH1865Noun - masculine singularfor youלָכֶ֨םPreposition | second person masculine pluraldeclaresנְאֻם־H5002Noun - masculine singular constructthe LORDיְהוָ֗הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singular[freedom] to [fall]אֶל־H413Prepositionby swordהַחֶ֙רֶב֙H2719Article | Noun - feminine singularbyאֶל־H413Prepositionplagueהַדֶּ֣בֶרH1698Article | Noun - masculine singularand byוְאֶל־H413Conjunctive waw | Prepositionfamineהָרָעָ֔בH7458Article | Noun - masculine singularI will make youוְנָתַתִּ֤יH5414Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular-אֶתְכֶם֙H853Direct object marker | second person masculine plurala horrorלִזְוָעָהH2113Preposition-l | Noun - feminine singularto allלְכֹ֖לH3605Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular constructthe kingdomsמַמְלְכ֥וֹתH4467Noun - feminine plural constructof the earthהָאָֽרֶץ׃H776Article | Noun - feminine singular
Verse 18

Original words

And those who have transgressedהָעֹֽבְרִים֙H5674Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markerMy covenantבְּרִתִ֔יH1285Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singular-אֲשֶׁ֤רH834Pronoun - relativeand have notלֹֽא־H3808Adverb - Negative particlefulfilledהֵקִ֙ימוּ֙H6965Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person common plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe termsדִּבְרֵ֣יH1697Noun - masculine plural constructof the covenantהַבְּרִ֔יתH1285Article | Noun - feminine singular-אֲשֶׁ֥רH834Pronoun - relativethey madeכָּרְת֖וּH3772Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralbefore Meלְפָנָ֑יH6440Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singularI will treatוְנָתַתִּ֣יH5414Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular-אֶת־H853Direct object marker-הָאֲנָשִׁ֗יםH582Article | Noun - masculine plurallike the calfהָעֵ֙גֶל֙H5695Article | Noun - masculine singular-אֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relativethey cutכָּרְת֣וּH3772Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralin twoלִשְׁנַ֔יִםH8147Preposition-l | Number - mdin order to passוַיַּעַבְר֖וּH5674Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralbetweenבֵּ֥יןH996Prepositionits piecesבְּתָרָֽיו׃H1335Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular
Verse 19

Original words

The officialsשָׂרֵ֨יH8269Noun - masculine plural constructof Judahיְהוּדָ֜הH3063Noun - proper - masculine singular. . .וְשָׂרֵ֣יH8269Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural constructand Jerusalemיְרוּשָׁלִַ֗םH3389Noun - proper - feminine singularthe court officialsהַסָּֽרִסִים֙H5631Article | Noun - masculine pluralthe priestsוְהַכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔יםH3548Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - masculine pluraland allוְכֹ֖לH3605Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular constructthe peopleעַ֣םH5971Noun - masculine singular constructof the landהָאָ֑רֶץH776Article | Noun - feminine singularwho passedהָעֹ֣בְרִ֔יםH5674Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralbetweenבֵּ֖יןH996Prepositionthe piecesבִּתְרֵ֥יH1335Noun - masculine plural constructof the calfהָעֵֽגֶל׃H5695Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 20

Original words

I will deliverוְנָתַתִּ֤יH5414Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular-אוֹתָם֙H853Direct object marker | third person masculine pluralinto the handsבְּיַ֣דH3027Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular constructof their enemiesאֹֽיְבֵיהֶ֔םH341Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural. . .וּבְיַ֖דH3027Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular constructwho seekמְבַקְשֵׁ֣יH1245Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine plural constructtheir livesנַפְשָׁ֑םH5315Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine pluralTheir corpsesנִבְלָתָם֙H5038Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine pluralwill becomeוְהָיְתָ֤הH1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person feminine singularfoodלְמַֽאֲכָ֔לH3978Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singularfor the birdsלְע֥וֹףH5775Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular constructof the airהַשָּׁמַ֖יִםH8064Article | Noun - masculine pluraland the beastsוּלְבֶהֱמַ֥תH929Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Noun - feminine singular constructof the earthהָאָֽרֶץ׃H776Article | Noun - feminine singular
Verse 21

Original words

Andוְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerI will deliverאֶתֵּן֙H5414Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singularZedekiahצִדְקִיָּ֨הוּH6667Noun - proper - masculine singularkingמֶֽלֶךְ־H4428Noun - masculine singular constructof Judahיְהוּדָ֜הH3063Noun - proper - masculine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerand his officialsשָׂרָ֗יוH8269Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singularinto the handsבְּיַ֣דH3027Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular constructof their enemiesאֹֽיְבֵיהֶ֔םH341Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural-וּבְיַ֖דH3027Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular constructwho seekמְבַקְשֵׁ֣יH1245Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine plural constructtheir livesנַפְשָׁ֑םH5315Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine plural. . .וּבְיַדH3027Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular constructto the armyחֵ֚ילH2428Noun - masculine singular constructof the kingמֶ֣לֶךְH4428Noun - masculine singularof Babylonבָּבֶ֔לH894Noun - proper - feminine singularthat had withdrawnהָעֹלִ֖יםH5927Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralfrom youמֵעֲלֵיכֶֽם׃H5921Preposition-m | second person masculine plural
Verse 22

Original words

Beholdהִנְנִ֨יH2005Interjection | first person common singularI am going to give the commandמְצַוֶּ֜הH6680Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine singulardeclaresנְאֻם־H5002Noun - masculine singular constructthe LORDיְהוָ֗הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularand I will bring them backוַהֲשִׁ֨בֹתִ֜יםH7725Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular | third person masculine pluraltoאֶל־H413Prepositionthisהַזֹּאת֙H2063Article | Pronoun - feminine singularcityהָעִ֤ירH5892Article | Noun - feminine singularThey will fightוְנִלְחֲמ֣וּH3898Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common pluralagainst itעָלֶ֔יהָH5921Preposition | third person feminine singularcapture itוּלְכָד֖וּהָH3920Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural | third person feminine singularand burn it downוּשְׂרָפֻ֣הָH8313Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural | third person feminine singular. . .בָאֵ֑שׁH784Preposition-b, Article | Noun - common singularAndוְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerI will makeאֶתֵּ֥ןH5414Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singularthe citiesעָרֵ֧יH5892Noun - feminine plural constructof Judahיְהוּדָ֛הH3063Noun - proper - masculine singulara desolationשְׁמָמָ֖הH8077Noun - feminine singularwithoutמֵאֵ֥יןH369Preposition-m | Adverbinhabitantיֹשֵֽׁב׃פH3427Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.