Focused Passage

Nehemiah 13:15-22

Nehemiah Returns to Confront Compromise and Restore Covenant Faithfulness

After the Law exposes the need for separation, Nehemiah returns and confronts temple compromise, restores Levite support, enforces Sabbath holiness, rebukes intermarriage, purifies the priesthood, and repeatedly appeals to God to remember him.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

15In those days I saw people in Judah treading winepresses on the Sabbath and bringing in grain and loading it on donkeys, along with wine, grapes, and figs. All kinds of goods were being brought into Jerusalem on the Sabbath day. So I warned them against selling food on that day.

16Additionally, men of Tyre who lived there were importing fish and all kinds of merchandise and selling them on the Sabbath to the people of Judah in Jerusalem.

17Then I rebuked the nobles of Judah and asked, “What is this evil you are doing—profaning the Sabbath day?

18Did not your forefathers do the same things, so that our God brought all this disaster on us and on this city? And now you are rekindling His wrath against Israel by profaning the Sabbath!”

19When the evening shadows began to fall on the gates of Jerusalem, just before the Sabbath, I ordered that the gates be shut and not opened until after the Sabbath. I posted some of my servants at the gates so that no load could enter on the Sabbath day.

20Once or twice, the merchants and those who sell all kinds of goods camped outside Jerusalem,

21but I warned them, “Why are you camping in front of the wall? If you do it again, I will lay hands on you.” From that time on, they did not return on the Sabbath.

22Then I instructed the Levites to purify themselves and guard the gates in order to keep the Sabbath day holy. Remember me for this as well, O my God, and show me mercy according to Your abundant loving devotion.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 15

Original words

In thoseהָהֵ֡מָּהH1992Article | Pronoun - third person masculine pluraldaysבַּיָּמִ֣יםH3117Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine pluralI sawרָאִ֣יתִיH7200Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singularpeople in Judahבִֽיהוּדָ֣ה׀H3063Preposition-b | Noun - proper - masculine singulartreadingדֹּֽרְכִֽים־H1869Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralwinepressesגִּתּ֣וֹת׀H1660Noun - feminine pluralon the Sabbathבַּשַּׁבָּ֡תH7676Preposition-b, Article | Noun - common singularand bringing inוּמְבִיאִ֣יםH935Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine pluralgrainהָעֲרֵמ֣וֹתH6194Article | Noun - feminine pluraland loading itוְֽעֹמְסִ֪יםH6006Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralonעַל־H5921Prepositiondonkeysהַחֲמֹרִ֟יםH2543Article | Noun - masculine pluralalong withוְאַף־H637Conjunctionwineיַ֜יִןH3196Noun - masculine singulargrapesעֲנָבִ֤יםH6025Noun - masculine pluraland figsוּתְאֵנִים֙H8384Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine pluralAll kindsוְכָל־H3605Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular constructof goodsמַשָּׂ֔אH4853Noun - masculine singularwere being broughtוּמְבִיאִ֥יםH935Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine pluralinto Jerusalemיְרוּשָׁלִַ֖םH3389Noun - proper - feminine singularon the Sabbathהַשַּׁבָּ֑תH7676Article | Noun - common singulardayבְּי֣וֹםH3117Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular constructSo I warned themוָאָעִ֕ידH5749Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singularagainst sellingמִכְרָ֥םH4376Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | third person masculine pluralfoodצָֽיִד׃H6718Noun - masculine singularon that dayבְּי֖וֹםH3117Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct
Verse 16

Original words

Additionally, [men of] Tyreוְהַצֹּרִים֙H6876Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - proper - feminine singularwho livedיָ֣שְׁבוּH3427Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralthereבָ֔הּPreposition | third person feminine singularwere importingמְבִיאִ֥יםH935Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine pluralfishדָּ֖אגH1709Noun - masculine singularand all kindsוְכָל־H3605Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular constructof merchandiseמֶ֑כֶרH4377Noun - masculine singularand selling themוּמֹכְרִ֧יםH4376Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralon the Sabbathבַּשַּׁבָּ֛תH7676Preposition-b, Article | Noun - common singularto the peopleלִבְנֵ֥יH1121Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural constructof Judahיְהוּדָ֖הH3063Noun - proper - masculine singularin Jerusalemוּבִירוּשָׁלִָֽם׃H3389Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 17

Original words

Then I rebukedוָאָרִ֕יבָהH7378Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singular. . .אֵ֖תH854Prepositionthe noblesחֹרֵ֣יH2715Noun - masculine plural constructof Judahיְהוּדָ֑הH3063Noun - proper - masculine singularand askedוָאֹמְרָ֣הH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singularWhatמָֽה־H4100Interrogative. . .הַדָּבָ֨רH1697Article | Noun - masculine singularis thisהַזֶּה֙H2088Article | Pronoun - masculine singular-אֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relativeevilהָרָ֤עH7451Article | Adjective - masculine singularyouאַתֶּ֣םH859Pronoun - second person masculine pluralare doingעֹשִׂ֔יםH6213Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralprofaningוּֽמְחַלְּלִ֖יםH2490Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe Sabbathהַשַּׁבָּֽת׃H7676Article | Noun - common singulardayי֥וֹםH3117Noun - masculine singular construct
Verse 18

Original words

Did notהֲל֨וֹאH3808Adverb - Negative particleyour forefathersאֲבֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔םH1Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine pluraldoעָשׂוּ֙H6213Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralthe same thingsכֹ֤הH3541Adverbso that our Godאֱלֹהֵ֜ינוּH430Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common pluralbroughtוַיָּבֵ֨אH935Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularallכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructthisהַזֹּ֔אתH2063Article | Pronoun - feminine singulardisasterהָרָעָ֣הH7451Article | Adjective - feminine singularon usעָלֵ֗ינוּH5921Preposition | first person common plural-אֵ֚תH853Direct object markerand onוְעַ֖לH5921Conjunctive waw | Prepositionthisהַזֹּ֑אתH2063Article | Pronoun - feminine singularcityהָעִ֣ירH5892Article | Noun - feminine singularAnd nowוְאַתֶּ֞םH859Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - second person masculine pluralyou are rekindlingמוֹסִיפִ֤יםH3254Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine pluralHis wrathחָרוֹן֙H2740Noun - masculine singularagainstעַל־H5921PrepositionIsraelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singularby profaningלְחַלֵּ֖לH2490Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe Sabbathהַשַּׁבָּֽת׃פH7676Article | Noun - common singular
Verse 19

Original words

-וַיְהִ֡יH1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularWhenכַּאֲשֶׁ֣רH834Preposition-k | Pronoun - relativethe evening shadowsצָֽלֲלוּ֩H6751Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralbegan to fall on the gatesשַׁעֲרֵ֨יH8179Noun - masculine plural constructof Jerusalemיְרוּשָׁלִַ֜םH3389Noun - proper - feminine singularjust beforeלִפְנֵ֣יH6440Preposition-l | Noun - common plural constructthe Sabbathהַשַּׁבָּ֗תH7676Article | Noun - common singularI orderedוָאֹֽמְרָה֙H559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singularthat the gatesהַדְּלָת֔וֹתH1817Article | Noun - feminine plural. . .וָאֹ֣מְרָ֔הH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singular-אֲשֶׁר֙H834Pronoun - relativebe shutוַיִּסָּגְר֣וּH5462Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluraland notלֹ֣אH3808Adverb - Negative particleopenedיִפְתָּח֔וּםH6605Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural | third person masculine pluraluntilעַ֖דH5704Prepositionafterאַחַ֣רH310Adverbthe Sabbathהַשַּׁבָּ֑תH7676Article | Noun - common singularI postedהֶֽעֱמַ֙דְתִּי֙H5975Verb - Hifil - Perfect - first person common singularsome of my servantsוּמִנְּעָרַ֗יH5288Conjunctive waw, Preposition-m | Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singularatעַל־H5921Prepositionthe gatesהַשְּׁעָרִ֔יםH8179Article | Noun - masculine pluralso that noלֹא־H3808Adverb - Negative particleloadמַשָּׂ֖אH4853Noun - masculine singularcould enterיָב֥וֹאH935Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singularon the Sabbathהַשַּׁבָּֽת׃H7676Article | Noun - common singulardayבְּי֥וֹםH3117Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct
Verse 20

Original words

Onceפַּ֥עַםH6471Noun - feminine singularor twiceוּשְׁתָּֽיִם׃H8147Conjunctive waw | Number - fdthe merchantsהָרֹכְלִ֜יםH7402Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluraland those who sellוּמֹכְרֵ֧יH4376Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural constructall kindsכָל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructof goodsמִמְכָּ֛רH4465Noun - masculine singularcampedוַיָּלִ֨ינוּH3885Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluraloutsideמִח֥וּץH2351Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singularJerusalemלִירוּשָׁלִָ֖םH3389Preposition-l | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 21

Original words

but I warnedוָאָעִ֣ידָהH5749Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singularthemבָהֶ֗םPreposition | third person masculine plural-וָאֹמְרָ֤הH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singular-אֲלֵיהֶם֙H413Preposition | third person masculine pluralWhyמַדּ֜וּעַH4069Interrogativeare youאַתֶּ֤םH859Pronoun - second person masculine pluralcampingלֵנִים֙H3885Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralin front ofנֶ֣גֶדH5048Prepositionthe wallהַחוֹמָ֔הH2346Article | Noun - feminine singularIfאִם־H518Conjunctionyou do it againתִּשְׁנ֕וּH8138Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine pluralI will layאֶשְׁלַ֣חH7971Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singularhandsיָ֖דH3027Noun - feminine singularon youבָּכֶ֑םPreposition | second person masculine pluralFromמִן־H4480Prepositionthatהַהִ֔יאH1931Article | Pronoun - third person feminine singulartime onהָעֵ֣תH6256Article | Noun - common singularthey did notלֹא־H3808Adverb - Negative particlereturnבָ֖אוּH935Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralon the Sabbathבַּשַּׁבָּֽת׃סH7676Preposition-b, Article | Noun - common singular
Verse 22

Original words

Then I instructedוָאֹמְרָ֣הH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singularthe Levitesלַלְוִיִּ֗םH3881Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine plural-אֲשֶׁ֨רH834Pronoun - relative-יִֽהְי֤וּH1961Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine pluralto purify themselvesמִֽטַּהֲרִים֙H2891Verb - Hitpael - Participle - masculine plural. . .וּבָאִים֙H935Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluraland guardשֹׁמְרִ֣יםH8104Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralthe gatesהַשְּׁעָרִ֔יםH8179Article | Noun - masculine pluralin order to keep the Sabbathהַשַּׁבָּ֑תH7676Article | Noun - common singulardayי֣וֹםH3117Noun - masculine singular constructholyלְקַדֵּ֖שׁH6942Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct-אֶת־H853Direct object markerRememberזָכְרָה־H2142Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular | third person feminine singularmeלִּ֣יPreposition | first person common singularfor thisזֹאת֙H2063Pronoun - feminine singularas wellגַּם־H1571ConjunctionO my Godאֱלֹהַ֔יH430Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singularand {show} meעָלַ֖יH5921Preposition | first person common singularmercyוְח֥וּסָהH2347Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular | third person feminine singularaccording to Your abundantכְּרֹ֥בH7230Preposition-k | Noun - masculine singular constructloving devotionחַסְדֶּֽךָ׃פH2617Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.