Focused Passage

Nehemiah 13:15-22

Nehemiah Returns to Confront Compromise and Restore Covenant Faithfulness

After the Law exposes the need for separation, Nehemiah returns and confronts temple compromise, restores Levite support, enforces Sabbath holiness, rebukes intermarriage, purifies the priesthood, and repeatedly appeals to God to remember him.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

15 In those days I saw people in Judah treading winepresses on the Sabbath and bringing in grain and loading it on donkeys, along with wine, grapes, and figs. All kinds of goods were being brought into Jerusalem on the Sabbath day. So I warned them against selling food on that day.

16 Additionally, men of Tyre who lived there were importing fish and all kinds of merchandise and selling them on the Sabbath to the people of Judah in Jerusalem.

17 Then I rebuked the nobles of Judah and asked, “What is this evil you are doing—profaning the Sabbath day?

18 Did not your forefathers do the same things, so that our God brought all this disaster on us and on this city? And now you are rekindling His wrath against Israel by profaning the Sabbath!”

19 When the evening shadows began to fall on the gates of Jerusalem, just before the Sabbath, I ordered that the gates be shut and not opened until after the Sabbath. I posted some of my servants at the gates so that no load could enter on the Sabbath day.

20 Once or twice, the merchants and those who sell all kinds of goods camped outside Jerusalem,

21 but I warned them, “Why are you camping in front of the wall? If you do it again, I will lay hands on you.” From that time on, they did not return on the Sabbath.

22 Then I instructed the Levites to purify themselves and guard the gates in order to keep the Sabbath day holy. Remember me for this as well, O my God, and show me mercy according to Your abundant loving devotion.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 15

Original words

In those הָהֵ֡מָּה H1992 Article | Pronoun - third person masculine plural days בַּיָּמִ֣ים H3117 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine plural I saw רָאִ֣יתִי H7200 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular people in Judah בִֽיהוּדָ֣ה׀ H3063 Preposition-b | Noun - proper - masculine singular treading דֹּֽרְכִֽים־ H1869 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural winepresses גִּתּ֣וֹת׀ H1660 Noun - feminine plural on the Sabbath בַּשַּׁבָּ֡ת H7676 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - common singular and bringing in וּמְבִיאִ֣ים H935 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine plural grain הָעֲרֵמ֣וֹת H6194 Article | Noun - feminine plural and loading it וְֽעֹמְסִ֪ים H6006 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural on עַל־ H5921 Preposition donkeys הַחֲמֹרִ֟ים H2543 Article | Noun - masculine plural along with וְאַף־ H637 Conjunction wine יַ֜יִן H3196 Noun - masculine singular grapes עֲנָבִ֤ים H6025 Noun - masculine plural and figs וּתְאֵנִים֙ H8384 Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine plural All kinds וְכָל־ H3605 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct of goods מַשָּׂ֔א H4853 Noun - masculine singular were being brought וּמְבִיאִ֥ים H935 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine plural into Jerusalem יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם H3389 Noun - proper - feminine singular on the Sabbath הַשַּׁבָּ֑ת H7676 Article | Noun - common singular day בְּי֣וֹם H3117 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct So I warned them וָאָעִ֕יד H5749 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular against selling מִכְרָ֥ם H4376 Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | third person masculine plural food צָֽיִד׃ H6718 Noun - masculine singular on that day בְּי֖וֹם H3117 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct
Verse 16

Original words

Additionally, [men of] Tyre וְהַצֹּרִים֙ H6876 Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular who lived יָ֣שְׁבוּ H3427 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural there בָ֔הּ Preposition | third person feminine singular were importing מְבִיאִ֥ים H935 Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine plural fish דָּ֖אג H1709 Noun - masculine singular and all kinds וְכָל־ H3605 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct of merchandise מֶ֑כֶר H4377 Noun - masculine singular and selling them וּמֹכְרִ֧ים H4376 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural on the Sabbath בַּשַּׁבָּ֛ת H7676 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - common singular to the people לִבְנֵ֥י H1121 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural construct of Judah יְהוּדָ֖ה H3063 Noun - proper - masculine singular in Jerusalem וּבִירוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ H3389 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 17

Original words

Then I rebuked וָאָרִ֕יבָה H7378 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singular . . . אֵ֖ת H854 Preposition the nobles חֹרֵ֣י H2715 Noun - masculine plural construct of Judah יְהוּדָ֑ה H3063 Noun - proper - masculine singular and asked וָאֹמְרָ֣ה H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singular What מָֽה־ H4100 Interrogative . . . הַדָּבָ֨ר H1697 Article | Noun - masculine singular is this הַזֶּה֙ H2088 Article | Pronoun - masculine singular - אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834 Pronoun - relative evil הָרָ֤ע H7451 Article | Adjective - masculine singular you אַתֶּ֣ם H859 Pronoun - second person masculine plural are doing עֹשִׂ֔ים H6213 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural profaning וּֽמְחַלְּלִ֖ים H2490 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine plural - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker the Sabbath הַשַּׁבָּֽת׃ H7676 Article | Noun - common singular day י֥וֹם H3117 Noun - masculine singular construct
Verse 18

Original words

Did not הֲל֨וֹא H3808 Adverb - Negative particle your forefathers אֲבֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם H1 Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine plural do עָשׂוּ֙ H6213 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural the same things כֹ֤ה H3541 Adverb so that our God אֱלֹהֵ֜ינוּ H430 Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common plural brought וַיָּבֵ֨א H935 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular all כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct this הַזֹּ֔את H2063 Article | Pronoun - feminine singular disaster הָרָעָ֣ה H7451 Article | Adjective - feminine singular on us עָלֵ֗ינוּ H5921 Preposition | first person common plural - אֵ֚ת H853 Direct object marker and on וְעַ֖ל H5921 Conjunctive waw | Preposition this הַזֹּ֑את H2063 Article | Pronoun - feminine singular city הָעִ֣יר H5892 Article | Noun - feminine singular And now וְאַתֶּ֞ם H859 Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - second person masculine plural you are rekindling מוֹסִיפִ֤ים H3254 Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine plural His wrath חָרוֹן֙ H2740 Noun - masculine singular against עַל־ H5921 Preposition Israel יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular by profaning לְחַלֵּ֖ל H2490 Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker the Sabbath הַשַּׁבָּֽת׃פ H7676 Article | Noun - common singular
Verse 19

Original words

- וַיְהִ֡י H1961 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular When כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר H834 Preposition-k | Pronoun - relative the evening shadows צָֽלֲלוּ֩ H6751 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural began to fall on the gates שַׁעֲרֵ֨י H8179 Noun - masculine plural construct of Jerusalem יְרוּשָׁלִַ֜ם H3389 Noun - proper - feminine singular just before לִפְנֵ֣י H6440 Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct the Sabbath הַשַּׁבָּ֗ת H7676 Article | Noun - common singular I ordered וָאֹֽמְרָה֙ H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singular that the gates הַדְּלָת֔וֹת H1817 Article | Noun - feminine plural . . . וָאֹ֣מְרָ֔ה H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singular - אֲשֶׁר֙ H834 Pronoun - relative be shut וַיִּסָּגְר֣וּ H5462 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural and not לֹ֣א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle opened יִפְתָּח֔וּם H6605 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural | third person masculine plural until עַ֖ד H5704 Preposition after אַחַ֣ר H310 Adverb the Sabbath הַשַּׁבָּ֑ת H7676 Article | Noun - common singular I posted הֶֽעֱמַ֙דְתִּי֙ H5975 Verb - Hifil - Perfect - first person common singular some of my servants וּמִנְּעָרַ֗י H5288 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-m | Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singular at עַל־ H5921 Preposition the gates הַשְּׁעָרִ֔ים H8179 Article | Noun - masculine plural so that no לֹא־ H3808 Adverb - Negative particle load מַשָּׂ֖א H4853 Noun - masculine singular could enter יָב֥וֹא H935 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular on the Sabbath הַשַּׁבָּֽת׃ H7676 Article | Noun - common singular day בְּי֥וֹם H3117 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct
Verse 20

Original words

Once פַּ֥עַם H6471 Noun - feminine singular or twice וּשְׁתָּֽיִם׃ H8147 Conjunctive waw | Number - fd the merchants הָרֹכְלִ֜ים H7402 Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural and those who sell וּמֹכְרֵ֧י H4376 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct all kinds כָל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct of goods מִמְכָּ֛ר H4465 Noun - masculine singular camped וַיָּלִ֨ינוּ H3885 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural outside מִח֥וּץ H2351 Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular Jerusalem לִירוּשָׁלִָ֖ם H3389 Preposition-l | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 21

Original words

but I warned וָאָעִ֣ידָה H5749 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singular them בָהֶ֗ם Preposition | third person masculine plural - וָאֹמְרָ֤ה H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singular - אֲלֵיהֶם֙ H413 Preposition | third person masculine plural Why מַדּ֜וּעַ H4069 Interrogative are you אַתֶּ֤ם H859 Pronoun - second person masculine plural camping לֵנִים֙ H3885 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural in front of נֶ֣גֶד H5048 Preposition the wall הַחוֹמָ֔ה H2346 Article | Noun - feminine singular If אִם־ H518 Conjunction you do it again תִּשְׁנ֕וּ H8138 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural I will lay אֶשְׁלַ֣ח H7971 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singular hands יָ֖ד H3027 Noun - feminine singular on you בָּכֶ֑ם Preposition | second person masculine plural From מִן־ H4480 Preposition that הַהִ֔יא H1931 Article | Pronoun - third person feminine singular time on הָעֵ֣ת H6256 Article | Noun - common singular they did not לֹא־ H3808 Adverb - Negative particle return בָ֖אוּ H935 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural on the Sabbath בַּשַּׁבָּֽת׃ס H7676 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - common singular
Verse 22

Original words

Then I instructed וָאֹמְרָ֣ה H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singular the Levites לַלְוִיִּ֗ם H3881 Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine plural - אֲשֶׁ֨ר H834 Pronoun - relative - יִֽהְי֤וּ H1961 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural to purify themselves מִֽטַּהֲרִים֙ H2891 Verb - Hitpael - Participle - masculine plural . . . וּבָאִים֙ H935 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural and guard שֹׁמְרִ֣ים H8104 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural the gates הַשְּׁעָרִ֔ים H8179 Article | Noun - masculine plural in order to keep the Sabbath הַשַּׁבָּ֑ת H7676 Article | Noun - common singular day י֣וֹם H3117 Noun - masculine singular construct holy לְקַדֵּ֖שׁ H6942 Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker Remember זָכְרָה־ H2142 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular | third person feminine singular me לִּ֣י Preposition | first person common singular for this זֹאת֙ H2063 Pronoun - feminine singular as well גַּם־ H1571 Conjunction O my God אֱלֹהַ֔י H430 Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singular and {show} me עָלַ֖י H5921 Preposition | first person common singular mercy וְח֥וּסָה H2347 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular | third person feminine singular according to Your abundant כְּרֹ֥ב H7230 Preposition-k | Noun - masculine singular construct loving devotion חַסְדֶּֽךָ׃פ H2617 Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.