Focused Passage

Exodus 10:21-29

Locusts, Darkness, and the Signs Told to Future Generations

The LORD hardens Pharaoh so His signs may be told to Israel’s children; locusts consume what remains after the hail; Pharaoh offers temporary confession but hardens again; thick darkness covers Egypt while Israel has light; and Pharaoh’s final negotiation collapses into a severe warning against Moses.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

21 Then the LORD said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand toward heaven, so that darkness may spread over the land of Egypt—a palpable darkness.”

22 So Moses stretched out his hand toward heaven, and total darkness covered all the land of Egypt for three days.

23 No one could see anyone else, and for three days no one left his place. Yet all the Israelites had light in their dwellings.

24 Then Pharaoh summoned Moses and said, “Go, worship the LORD. Even your little ones may go with you; only your flocks and herds must stay behind.”

25 But Moses replied, “You must also provide us with sacrifices and burnt offerings to present to the LORD our God.

26 Even our livestock must go with us; not a hoof will be left behind, for we will need some of them to worship the LORD our God, and we will not know how we are to worship the LORD until we arrive.”

27 But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he was unwilling to let them go.

28 “Depart from me!” Pharaoh said to Moses. “Make sure you never see my face again, for on the day you see my face, you will die.”

29 “As you say,” Moses replied, “I will never see your face again.”

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 21

Original words

Then the LORD יְהוָ֜ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular said וַיֹּ֨אמֶר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular to אֶל־ H413 Preposition Moses מֹשֶׁ֗ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular Stretch out נְטֵ֤ה H5186 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular your hand יָֽדְךָ֙ H3027 Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine singular toward עַל־ H5921 Preposition heaven הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם H8064 Article | Noun - masculine plural so that darkness חֹ֖שֶׁךְ H2822 Noun - masculine singular may spread וִ֥יהִי H1961 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Jussive - third person masculine singular over עַל־ H5921 Preposition the land אֶ֣רֶץ H776 Noun - feminine singular construct of Egypt מִצְרָ֑יִם H4714 Noun - proper - feminine singular a palpable וְיָמֵ֖שׁ H4959 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine singular darkness חֹֽשֶׁךְ׃ H2822 Noun - masculine singular
Verse 22

Original words

So Moses מֹשֶׁ֛ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker stretched out וַיֵּ֥ט H5186 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular his hand יָד֖וֹ H3027 Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular toward עַל־ H5921 Preposition heaven הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם H8064 Article | Noun - masculine plural and total אֲפֵלָ֛ה H653 Adjective - feminine singular darkness חֹֽשֶׁךְ־ H2822 Noun - masculine singular construct covered וַיְהִ֧י H1961 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular all בְּכָל־ H3605 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct the land אֶ֥רֶץ H776 Noun - feminine singular construct of Egypt מִצְרַ֖יִם H4714 Noun - proper - feminine singular for three שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת H7969 Number - masculine singular construct days יָמִֽים׃ H3117 Noun - masculine plural
Verse 23

Original words

No לֹֽא־ H3808 Adverb - Negative particle one אִ֣ישׁ H376 Noun - masculine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker could see רָא֞וּ H7200 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural anyone else אָחִ֗יו H251 Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular and for three שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת H7969 Number - masculine singular construct days יָמִ֑ים H3117 Noun - masculine plural no one וְלֹא־ H3808 Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle left קָ֛מוּ H6965 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural . . . אִ֥ישׁ H376 Noun - masculine singular his place מִתַּחְתָּ֖יו H8478 Preposition-m | third person masculine singular Yet all וּֽלְכָל־ H3605 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct the Israelites בְּנֵ֧י H1121 Noun - masculine plural construct . . . יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular had הָ֥יָה H1961 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular light א֖וֹר H216 Noun - common singular in their dwellings בְּמוֹשְׁבֹתָֽם׃ H4186 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural
Verse 24

Original words

Then Pharaoh פַרְעֹ֜ה H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular . . . אֶל־ H413 Preposition summoned וַיִּקְרָ֨א H7121 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular Moses מֹשֶׁ֗ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular and said וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular Go לְכוּ֙ H1980 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural worship עִבְד֣וּ H5647 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker the LORD יְהוָ֔ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular Even גַּֽם־ H1571 Conjunction your little ones טַפְּכֶ֖ם H2945 Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine plural may go יֵלֵ֥ךְ H1980 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular with you עִמָּכֶֽם׃ H5973 Preposition | second person masculine plural only רַ֛ק H7535 Adverb your flocks צֹאנְכֶ֥ם H6629 Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine plural and herds וּבְקַרְכֶ֖ם H1241 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine plural must stay behind יֻצָּ֑ג H3322 Verb - Hofal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Verse 25

Original words

But Moses מֹשֶׁ֔ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular replied וַיֹּ֣אמֶר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular You אַתָּ֛ה H859 Pronoun - second person masculine singular must also גַּם־ H1571 Conjunction provide us תִּתֵּ֥ן H5414 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular with בְּיָדֵ֖נוּ H3027 Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common plural sacrifices זְבָחִ֣ים H2077 Noun - masculine plural and burnt offerings וְעֹל֑וֹת H5930 Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine plural to present וְעָשִׂ֖ינוּ H6213 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - first person common plural to the LORD לַיהוָ֥ה H3068 Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular our God אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃ H430 Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common plural
Verse 26

Original words

Even וְגַם־ H1571 Conjunction our livestock מִקְנֵ֜נוּ H4735 Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common plural must go יֵלֵ֣ךְ H1980 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular with us עִמָּ֗נוּ H5973 Preposition | first person common plural not לֹ֤א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle a hoof פַּרְסָ֔ה H6541 Noun - feminine singular will be left behind תִשָּׁאֵר֙ H7604 Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person feminine singular for כִּ֚י H3588 Conjunction we will need נִקַּ֔ח H3947 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common plural some of them מִמֶּ֣נּוּ H4480 Preposition | third person masculine singular to worship לַעֲבֹ֖ד H5647 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker the LORD יְהוָ֣ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular our God אֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ H430 Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common plural and we will וַאֲנַ֣חְנוּ H587 Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - first person common plural not לֹֽא־ H3808 Adverb - Negative particle know נֵדַ֗ע H3045 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common plural how מַֽה־ H4100 Interrogative we are to worship נַּעֲבֹד֙ H5647 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common plural - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker the LORD יְהוָ֔ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular until עַד־ H5704 Preposition we arrive בֹּאֵ֖נוּ H935 Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | first person common plural . . . שָֽׁמָּה׃ H8033 Adverb | third person feminine singular
Verse 27

Original words

But the LORD יְהוָ֖ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker hardened וַיְחַזֵּ֥ק H2388 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular Pharaoh’s פַּרְעֹ֑ה H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular heart לֵ֣ב H3820 Noun - masculine singular construct and he was unwilling וְלֹ֥א H3808 Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle . . . אָבָ֖ה H14 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular to let them go לְשַׁלְּחָֽם׃ H7971 Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct | third person masculine plural
Verse 28

Original words

Depart לֵ֣ךְ H1980 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular from me מֵעָלָ֑י H5921 Preposition-m | first person common singular Pharaoh פַרְעֹ֖ה H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular said וַיֹּֽאמֶר־ H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular to [Moses] ל֥וֹ Preposition | third person masculine singular Make sure הִשָּׁ֣מֶר H8104 Verb - Nifal - Imperative - masculine singular you לְךָ֗ Preposition | second person masculine singular never אֶל־ H413 Preposition see רְא֣וֹת H7200 Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct my face פָּנַ֔י H6440 Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singular again תֹּ֙סֶף֙ H3254 Verb - Hifil - Imperfect Jussive - second person masculine singular for כִּ֗י H3588 Conjunction on the day בְּי֛וֹם H3117 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct you see רְאֹתְךָ֥ H7200 Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | second person masculine singular my face פָנַ֖י H6440 Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singular you will die תָּמֽוּת׃ H4191 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular
Verse 29

Original words

As כֵּ֣ן H3651 Adjective - masculine singular you say דִּבַּ֑רְתָּ H1696 Verb - Piel - Perfect - second person masculine singular Moses מֹשֶׁ֖ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular replied וַיֹּ֥אמֶר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular I will never לֹא־ H3808 Adverb - Negative particle see רְא֥וֹת H7200 Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct your face פָּנֶֽיךָ׃פ H6440 Noun - common plural construct | second person masculine singular again אֹסִ֥ף H3254 Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - first person common singular . . . ע֖וֹד H5750 Adverb

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.