Focused Passage

Isaiah 10:12-19

Woe to Unjust Decrees, Assyria the Rod, and the Return of the Remnant

The chapter moves from woe against unjust rulers, to the final judgment refrain, to Assyria as the LORD’s rod, to Assyria’s arrogant boasting, to the LORD’s judgment on Assyria, to remnant return, to comfort for Zion, to the terrifying Assyrian advance, and finally to the LORD cutting down the lofty forest.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

12 So when the Lord has completed all His work against Mount Zion and Jerusalem, He will say, “I will punish the king of Assyria for the fruit of his arrogant heart and the proud look in his eyes.

13 For he says: ‘By the strength of my hand I have done this, and by my wisdom, for I am clever. I have removed the boundaries of nations and plundered their treasures; like a mighty one I subdued their rulers.

14 My hand reached as into a nest to seize the wealth of the nations. Like one gathering abandoned eggs, I gathered all the earth. No wing fluttered, no beak opened or chirped.’”

15 Does an axe raise itself above the one who swings it? Does a saw boast over him who saws with it? It would be like a rod waving the one who lifts it, or a staff lifting him who is not wood!

16 Therefore the Lord GOD of Hosts will send a wasting disease among Assyria’s stout warriors, and under his pomp will be kindled a fire like a burning flame.

17 And the Light of Israel will become a fire, and its Holy One a flame. In a single day it will burn and devour Assyria’s thorns and thistles.

18 The splendor of its forests and orchards, both soul and body, it will completely destroy, as a sickness consumes a man.

19 The remaining trees of its forests will be so few that a child could count them.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 12

Original words

- וְהָיָ֗ה H1961 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular So when כִּֽי־ H3588 Conjunction the Lord אֲדֹנָי֙ H136 Noun - proper - masculine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker has completed יְבַצַּ֤ע H1214 Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singular all כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct His work מַֽעֲשֵׂ֔הוּ H4639 Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular against Mount בְּהַ֥ר H2022 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct Zion צִיּ֖וֹן H6726 Noun - proper - feminine singular and Jerusalem וּבִירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם H3389 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singular He will say, “I will punish אֶפְקֹ֗ד H6485 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singular the king מֶֽלֶךְ־ H4428 Noun - masculine singular construct of Assyria אַשּׁ֔וּר H804 Noun - proper - feminine singular . . . וְעַל־ H5921 Conjunctive waw | Preposition . . . תִּפְאֶ֖רֶת H8597 Noun - feminine singular construct for עַל־ H5921 Preposition the fruit פְּרִי־ H6529 Noun - masculine singular construct of his arrogant גֹ֙דֶל֙ H1433 Noun - masculine singular construct heart לְבַ֣ב H3824 Noun - masculine singular construct and the proud ר֥וּם H7312 Noun - masculine singular construct look in his eyes עֵינָֽיו׃ H5869 Noun - cdc | third person masculine singular
Verse 13

Original words

For כִּ֣י H3588 Conjunction he says אָמַ֗ר H559 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular By the strength בְּכֹ֤חַ H3581 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct of my hand יָדִי֙ H3027 Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singular I have done [this] עָשִׂ֔יתִי H6213 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular and [by my] wisdom וּבְחָכְמָתִ֖י H2451 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singular for כִּ֣י H3588 Conjunction I am clever נְבֻנ֑וֹתִי H995 Verb - Nifal - Perfect - first person common singular I have removed וְאָסִ֣יר׀ H5493 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive imperfect - first person common singular the boundaries גְּבוּלֹ֣ת H1367 Noun - feminine plural construct of nations עַמִּ֗ים H5971 Noun - masculine plural and plundered שׁוֹשֵׂ֔תִי H8154 Verb - Piel - Perfect - first person common singular their treasures וַעֲתִידֹתֵיהֶם H6264 Conjunctive waw | Adjective - feminine plural construct | third person masculine plural like a mighty one כַּאבִּ֖יר H47 Preposition-k | Adjective - masculine singular I subdued וְאוֹרִ֥יד H3381 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive imperfect - first person common singular their rulers יוֹשְׁבִֽים׃ H3427 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural
Verse 14

Original words

My hand יָדִי֙ H3027 Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singular reached וַתִּמְצָ֨א H4672 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular as into a nest כַקֵּ֤ן׀ H7064 Preposition-k, Article | Noun - masculine singular to seize the wealth לְחֵ֣יל H2428 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct of the nations הָֽעַמִּ֔ים H5971 Article | Noun - masculine plural Like one gathering וְכֶאֱסֹף֙ H622 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-k | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct abandoned עֲזֻב֔וֹת H5800 Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - feminine plural eggs בֵּיצִ֣ים H1000 Noun - feminine plural I אֲנִ֣י H589 Pronoun - first person common singular gathered אָסָ֑פְתִּי H622 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular all כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct the earth הָאָ֖רֶץ H776 Article | Noun - feminine singular No וְלֹ֤א H3808 Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle . . . הָיָה֙ H1961 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular wing כָּנָ֔ף H3671 Noun - feminine singular fluttered נֹדֵ֣ד H5074 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular no beak פֶ֖ה H6310 Noun - masculine singular opened וּפֹצֶ֥ה H6475 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular or chirped וּמְצַפְצֵֽף׃ H6850 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine singular
Verse 15

Original words

Does an axe הַגַּרְזֶ֔ן H1631 Article | Noun - masculine singular raise itself הֲיִתְפָּאֵר֙ H6286 Verb - Hitpael - Imperfect - third person masculine singular above עַ֖ל H5921 Preposition the one who swings הַחֹצֵ֣ב H2672 Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular it בּ֑וֹ Preposition | third person masculine singular Does אִם־ H518 Conjunction a saw הַמַּשּׂוֹר֙ H4883 Article | Noun - masculine singular boast יִתְגַּדֵּ֤ל H1431 Verb - Hitpael - Imperfect - third person masculine singular over him עַל־ H5921 Preposition who saws with it? מְנִיפ֔וֹ H5130 Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular It would be like a rod שֵׁ֙בֶט֙ H7626 Noun - masculine singular - וְאֶת־ H853 Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker waving כְּהָנִ֥יף H5130 Preposition-k | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct the one who lifts it מְרִימָ֔יו H7311 Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular [or] a staff מַטֶּ֖ה H4294 Noun - masculine singular lifting him כְּהָרִ֥ים H7311 Preposition-k | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct who is not לֹא־ H3808 Adverb - Negative particle wood עֵֽץ׃ H6086 Noun - masculine singular
Verse 16

Original words

Therefore לָ֠כֵן H3651 Adverb the Lord הָאָד֜וֹן H113 Article | Noun - masculine singular GOD יְהוָ֧ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular of Hosts צְבָא֛וֹת H6635 Noun - common plural will send יְשַׁלַּ֨ח H7971 Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singular a wasting disease רָז֑וֹן H7332 Noun - masculine singular among [Assyria’s] stout warriors בְּמִשְׁמַנָּ֖יו H4924 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular and under וְתַ֧חַת H8478 Conjunctive waw | Preposition his pomp כְּבֹד֛וֹ H3519 Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular will be kindled יֵקַ֥ד H3344 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular a fire יְקֹ֖ד H3350 Noun - masculine singular like a burning כִּיק֥וֹד H3350 Preposition-k | Noun - masculine singular construct flame אֵֽשׁ׃ H784 Noun - common singular
Verse 17

Original words

And the Light אֽוֹר־ H216 Noun - common singular construct of Israel יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular will become וְהָיָ֤ה H1961 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular a fire לְאֵ֔שׁ H784 Preposition-l | Noun - common singular and its Holy One וּקְדוֹשׁ֖וֹ H6918 Conjunctive waw | Adjective - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular a flame לְלֶהָבָ֑ה H3852 Preposition-l | Noun - feminine singular In a single אֶחָֽד׃ H259 Number - masculine singular day בְּי֥וֹם H3117 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular it will burn וּבָעֲרָ֗ה H1197 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person feminine singular and devour וְאָֽכְלָ֛ה H398 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person feminine singular Assyria’s thorns שִׁית֥וֹ H7898 Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular and thistles וּשְׁמִיר֖וֹ H8068 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Verse 18

Original words

The splendor וּכְב֤וֹד H3519 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct of its forests יַעְרוֹ֙ H3293 Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular and orchards וְכַרְמִלּ֔וֹ H3759 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular both soul מִנֶּ֥פֶשׁ H5315 Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singular and וְעַד־ H5704 Conjunctive waw | Preposition body בָּשָׂ֖ר H1320 Noun - masculine singular it will completely destroy יְכַלֶּ֑ה H3615 Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singular . . . וְהָיָ֖ה H1961 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular as a sickness consumes a man כִּמְסֹ֥ס H4549 Preposition-k | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct . . . נֹסֵֽס׃ H5263 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Verse 19

Original words

The remaining וּשְׁאָ֥ר H7605 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct trees עֵ֛ץ H6086 Noun - masculine singular construct of its forests יַעְר֖וֹ H3293 Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular will be יִֽהְי֑וּ H1961 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural so few מִסְפָּ֣ר H4557 Noun - masculine singular that a child וְנַ֖עַר H5288 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular could count them יִכְתְּבֵֽם׃פ H3789 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine plural

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.