Focused Passage

Isaiah 10:12-19

Woe to Unjust Decrees, Assyria the Rod, and the Return of the Remnant

The chapter moves from woe against unjust rulers, to the final judgment refrain, to Assyria as the LORD’s rod, to Assyria’s arrogant boasting, to the LORD’s judgment on Assyria, to remnant return, to comfort for Zion, to the terrifying Assyrian advance, and finally to the LORD cutting down the lofty forest.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

12So when the Lord has completed all His work against Mount Zion and Jerusalem, He will say, “I will punish the king of Assyria for the fruit of his arrogant heart and the proud look in his eyes.

13For he says: ‘By the strength of my hand I have done this, and by my wisdom, for I am clever. I have removed the boundaries of nations and plundered their treasures; like a mighty one I subdued their rulers.

14My hand reached as into a nest to seize the wealth of the nations. Like one gathering abandoned eggs, I gathered all the earth. No wing fluttered, no beak opened or chirped.’”

15Does an axe raise itself above the one who swings it? Does a saw boast over him who saws with it? It would be like a rod waving the one who lifts it, or a staff lifting him who is not wood!

16Therefore the Lord GOD of Hosts will send a wasting disease among Assyria’s stout warriors, and under his pomp will be kindled a fire like a burning flame.

17And the Light of Israel will become a fire, and its Holy One a flame. In a single day it will burn and devour Assyria’s thorns and thistles.

18The splendor of its forests and orchards, both soul and body, it will completely destroy, as a sickness consumes a man.

19The remaining trees of its forests will be so few that a child could count them.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 12

Original words

-וְהָיָ֗הH1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singularSo whenכִּֽי־H3588Conjunctionthe Lordאֲדֹנָי֙H136Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerhas completedיְבַצַּ֤עH1214Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singularallכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructHis workמַֽעֲשֵׂ֔הוּH4639Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularagainst Mountבְּהַ֥רH2022Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular constructZionצִיּ֖וֹןH6726Noun - proper - feminine singularand Jerusalemוּבִירוּשָׁלִָ֑םH3389Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singularHe will say, “I will punishאֶפְקֹ֗דH6485Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singularthe kingמֶֽלֶךְ־H4428Noun - masculine singular constructof Assyriaאַשּׁ֔וּרH804Noun - proper - feminine singular. . .וְעַל־H5921Conjunctive waw | Preposition. . .תִּפְאֶ֖רֶתH8597Noun - feminine singular constructforעַל־H5921Prepositionthe fruitפְּרִי־H6529Noun - masculine singular constructof his arrogantגֹ֙דֶל֙H1433Noun - masculine singular constructheartלְבַ֣בH3824Noun - masculine singular constructand the proudר֥וּםH7312Noun - masculine singular constructlook in his eyesעֵינָֽיו׃H5869Noun - cdc | third person masculine singular
Verse 13

Original words

Forכִּ֣יH3588Conjunctionhe saysאָמַ֗רH559Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularBy the strengthבְּכֹ֤חַH3581Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular constructof my handיָדִי֙H3027Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singularI have done [this]עָשִׂ֔יתִיH6213Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singularand [by my] wisdomוּבְחָכְמָתִ֖יH2451Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singularforכִּ֣יH3588ConjunctionI am cleverנְבֻנ֑וֹתִיH995Verb - Nifal - Perfect - first person common singularI have removedוְאָסִ֣יר׀H5493Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive imperfect - first person common singularthe boundariesגְּבוּלֹ֣תH1367Noun - feminine plural constructof nationsעַמִּ֗יםH5971Noun - masculine pluraland plunderedשׁוֹשֵׂ֔תִיH8154Verb - Piel - Perfect - first person common singulartheir treasuresוַעֲתִידֹתֵיהֶםH6264Conjunctive waw | Adjective - feminine plural construct | third person masculine plurallike a mighty oneכַּאבִּ֖ירH47Preposition-k | Adjective - masculine singularI subduedוְאוֹרִ֥ידH3381Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive imperfect - first person common singulartheir rulersיוֹשְׁבִֽים׃H3427Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural
Verse 14

Original words

My handיָדִי֙H3027Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singularreachedוַתִּמְצָ֨אH4672Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singularas into a nestכַקֵּ֤ן׀H7064Preposition-k, Article | Noun - masculine singularto seize the wealthלְחֵ֣ילH2428Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular constructof the nationsהָֽעַמִּ֔יםH5971Article | Noun - masculine pluralLike one gatheringוְכֶאֱסֹף֙H622Conjunctive waw, Preposition-k | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructabandonedעֲזֻב֔וֹתH5800Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - feminine pluraleggsבֵּיצִ֣יםH1000Noun - feminine pluralIאֲנִ֣יH589Pronoun - first person common singulargatheredאָסָ֑פְתִּיH622Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singularallכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructthe earthהָאָ֖רֶץH776Article | Noun - feminine singularNoוְלֹ֤אH3808Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle. . .הָיָה֙H1961Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularwingכָּנָ֔ףH3671Noun - feminine singularflutteredנֹדֵ֣דH5074Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularno beakפֶ֖הH6310Noun - masculine singularopenedוּפֹצֶ֥הH6475Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularor chirpedוּמְצַפְצֵֽף׃H6850Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine singular
Verse 15

Original words

Does an axeהַגַּרְזֶ֔ןH1631Article | Noun - masculine singularraise itselfהֲיִתְפָּאֵר֙H6286Verb - Hitpael - Imperfect - third person masculine singularaboveעַ֖לH5921Prepositionthe one who swingsהַחֹצֵ֣בH2672Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularitבּ֑וֹPreposition | third person masculine singularDoesאִם־H518Conjunctiona sawהַמַּשּׂוֹר֙H4883Article | Noun - masculine singularboastיִתְגַּדֵּ֤לH1431Verb - Hitpael - Imperfect - third person masculine singularover himעַל־H5921Prepositionwho saws with it?מְנִיפ֔וֹH5130Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularIt would be like a rodשֵׁ֙בֶט֙H7626Noun - masculine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerwavingכְּהָנִ֥יףH5130Preposition-k | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive constructthe one who lifts itמְרִימָ֔יוH7311Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular[or] a staffמַטֶּ֖הH4294Noun - masculine singularlifting himכְּהָרִ֥יםH7311Preposition-k | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive constructwho is notלֹא־H3808Adverb - Negative particlewoodעֵֽץ׃H6086Noun - masculine singular
Verse 16

Original words

Thereforeלָ֠כֵןH3651Adverbthe Lordהָאָד֜וֹןH113Article | Noun - masculine singularGODיְהוָ֧הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularof Hostsצְבָא֛וֹתH6635Noun - common pluralwill sendיְשַׁלַּ֨חH7971Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singulara wasting diseaseרָז֑וֹןH7332Noun - masculine singularamong [Assyria’s] stout warriorsבְּמִשְׁמַנָּ֖יוH4924Preposition-b | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singularand underוְתַ֧חַתH8478Conjunctive waw | Prepositionhis pompכְּבֹד֛וֹH3519Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularwill be kindledיֵקַ֥דH3344Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singulara fireיְקֹ֖דH3350Noun - masculine singularlike a burningכִּיק֥וֹדH3350Preposition-k | Noun - masculine singular constructflameאֵֽשׁ׃H784Noun - common singular
Verse 17

Original words

And the Lightאֽוֹר־H216Noun - common singular constructof Israelיִשְׂרָאֵל֙H3478Noun - proper - masculine singularwill becomeוְהָיָ֤הH1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singulara fireלְאֵ֔שׁH784Preposition-l | Noun - common singularand its Holy Oneוּקְדוֹשׁ֖וֹH6918Conjunctive waw | Adjective - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singulara flameלְלֶהָבָ֑הH3852Preposition-l | Noun - feminine singularIn a singleאֶחָֽד׃H259Number - masculine singulardayבְּי֥וֹםH3117Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singularit will burnוּבָעֲרָ֗הH1197Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person feminine singularand devourוְאָֽכְלָ֛הH398Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person feminine singularAssyria’s thornsשִׁית֥וֹH7898Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularand thistlesוּשְׁמִיר֖וֹH8068Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Verse 18

Original words

The splendorוּכְב֤וֹדH3519Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular constructof its forestsיַעְרוֹ֙H3293Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularand orchardsוְכַרְמִלּ֔וֹH3759Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularboth soulמִנֶּ֥פֶשׁH5315Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singularandוְעַד־H5704Conjunctive waw | Prepositionbodyבָּשָׂ֖רH1320Noun - masculine singularit will completely destroyיְכַלֶּ֑הH3615Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .וְהָיָ֖הH1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singularas a sickness consumes a manכִּמְסֹ֥סH4549Preposition-k | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct. . .נֹסֵֽס׃H5263Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Verse 19

Original words

The remainingוּשְׁאָ֥רH7605Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular constructtreesעֵ֛ץH6086Noun - masculine singular constructof its forestsיַעְר֖וֹH3293Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularwill beיִֽהְי֑וּH1961Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine pluralso fewמִסְפָּ֣רH4557Noun - masculine singularthat a childוְנַ֖עַרH5288Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singularcould count themיִכְתְּבֵֽם׃פH3789Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine plural

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.