Focused Passage

Jonah 3:1-10

Nineveh Hears the Warning and God Shows Mercy

From renewed commission, to prophetic obedience, to judgment proclamation, to citywide repentance, to royal humility, to divine mercy that relents from disaster.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1Then the word of the LORD came to Jonah a second time:

2“Get up! Go to the great city of Nineveh and proclaim to it the message that I give you.”

3This time Jonah got up and went to Nineveh, in accordance with the word of the LORD. Now Nineveh was an exceedingly great city, requiring a three-day journey.

4On the first day of his journey, Jonah set out into the city and proclaimed, “Forty more days and Nineveh will be overturned!”

5And the Ninevites believed God. They proclaimed a fast and dressed in sackcloth, from the greatest of them to the least.

6When word reached the king of Nineveh, he got up from his throne, took off his royal robe, covered himself with sackcloth, and sat in ashes.

7Then he issued a proclamation in Nineveh: “By the decree of the king and his nobles: Let no man or beast, herd or flock, taste anything at all. They must not eat or drink.

8Furthermore, let both man and beast be covered with sackcloth, and have everyone call out earnestly to God. Let each one turn from his evil ways and from the violence in his hands.

9Who knows? God may turn and relent; He may turn from His fierce anger, so that we will not perish.”

10When God saw their actions—that they had turned from their evil ways—He relented from the disaster He had threatened to bring upon them.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Original words

Then the wordדְבַר־H1697Noun - masculine singular constructof the LORDיְהוָ֛הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularcameוַיְהִ֧יH1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singulartoאֶל־H413PrepositionJonahיוֹנָ֖הH3124Noun - proper - masculine singulara second timeשֵׁנִ֥יתH8145Number - ordinal feminine singular. . .לֵאמֹֽר׃H559Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Verse 2

Original words

Get upק֛וּםH6965Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singularGoלֵ֥ךְH1980Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singulartoאֶל־H413Prepositionthe greatהַגְּדוֹלָ֑הH1419Article | Adjective - feminine singularcityהָעִ֣ירH5892Article | Noun - feminine singularof Ninevehנִֽינְוֵ֖הH5210Noun - proper - feminine singularand proclaimוִּקְרָ֤אH7121Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singularto itאֵלֶ֙יהָ֙H413Preposition | third person feminine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe messageהַקְּרִיאָ֔הH7150Article | Noun - feminine singularthatאֲשֶׁ֥רH834Pronoun - relativeIאָנֹכִ֖יH595Pronoun - first person common singulargiveדֹּבֵ֥רH1696Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularyouאֵלֶֽיךָ׃H413Preposition | second person masculine singular
Verse 3

Original words

This time Jonahיוֹנָ֗הH3124Noun - proper - masculine singulargot upוַיָּ֣קָםH6965Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularand wentוַיֵּ֛לֶךְH1980Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singulartoאֶל־H413PrepositionNinevehנִֽינְוֶ֖הH5210Noun - proper - feminine singularin accordance with the wordכִּדְבַ֣רH1697Preposition-k | Noun - masculine singular constructof the LORDיְהוָ֑הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularNow Ninevehוְנִֽינְוֵ֗הH5210Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - feminine singularwasהָיְתָ֤הH1961Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singularan exceedinglyלֵֽאלֹהִ֔יםH430Preposition-l | Noun - masculine pluralgreatגְּדוֹלָה֙H1419Adjective - feminine singularcityעִיר־H5892Noun - feminine singular construct[requiring] a three-dayשְׁלֹ֥שֶׁתH7969Number - masculine singular construct. . .יָמִֽים׃H3117Noun - masculine pluraljourneyמַהֲלַ֖ךְH4109Noun - masculine singular construct

BSB notes

  • Or was a great city to God
  • Literally great city, a three-day journey
Verse 4

Original words

On the firstאֶחָ֑דH259Number - masculine singulardayי֣וֹםH3117Noun - masculine singularof his journeyמַהֲלַ֖ךְH4109Noun - masculine singular constructJonahיוֹנָה֙H3124Noun - proper - masculine singular. . .לָב֣וֹאH935Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructset outוַיָּ֤חֶלH2490Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularinto the cityבָעִ֔ירH5892Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singularand proclaimedוַיִּקְרָא֙H7121Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .וַיֹּאמַ֔רH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularFortyאַרְבָּעִ֣יםH705Number - common pluralmoreע֚וֹדH5750Adverbdaysי֔וֹםH3117Noun - masculine singularand Ninevehוְנִֽינְוֵ֖הH5210Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - feminine singularwill be overturnedנֶהְפָּֽכֶת׃H2015Verb - Nifal - Participle - feminine singular
Verse 5

Original words

vvvאַנְשֵׁ֥יH582Noun - masculine plural constructAnd the Ninevitesנִֽינְוֵ֖הH5210Noun - proper - feminine singularbelievedוַֽיַּאֲמִ֛ינוּH539Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralGodבֵּֽאלֹהִ֑יםH430Preposition-b | Noun - masculine pluralThey proclaimedוַיִּקְרְאוּ־H7121Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plurala fastצוֹם֙H6685Noun - masculine singularand dressedוַיִּלְבְּשׁ֣וּH3847Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralin sackclothשַׂקִּ֔יםH8242Noun - masculine pluralfrom the greatestמִגְּדוֹלָ֖םH1419Preposition-m | Adjective - masculine singular construct | third person masculine pluralof them toוְעַד־H5704Conjunctive waw | Prepositionthe leastקְטַנָּֽם׃H6996Adjective - masculine singular construct | third person masculine plural
Verse 6

Original words

When wordהַדָּבָר֙H1697Article | Noun - masculine singular. . .אֶל־H413Prepositionreachedוַיִּגַּ֤עH5060Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularthe kingמֶ֣לֶךH4428Noun - masculine singular constructof Ninevehנִֽינְוֵ֔הH5210Noun - proper - feminine singularhe got upוַיָּ֙קָם֙H6965Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularfrom his throneמִכִּסְא֔וֹH3678Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singulartook offוַיַּעֲבֵ֥רH5674Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularhis royal robeאַדַּרְתּ֖וֹH155Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singularcovered [himself]וַיְכַ֣סH3680Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularwith sackclothשַׂ֔קH8242Noun - masculine singularand satוַיֵּ֖שֶׁבH3427Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .עַל־H5921Prepositioninמֵֽעָלָ֑יוH5921Preposition-m | third person masculine singularashesהָאֵֽפֶר׃H665Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 7

Original words

Then he issued a proclamationוַיַּזְעֵ֗קH2199Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙H559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularin Ninevehבְּנִֽינְוֵ֔הH5210Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singularBy the decreeמִטַּ֧עַםH2940Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular constructof the kingהַמֶּ֛לֶךְH4428Article | Noun - masculine singularand his noblesוּגְדֹלָ֖יוH1419Conjunctive waw | Adjective - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular. . .לֵאמֹ֑רH559Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructLet noאַֽל־H408Adverbmanהָאָדָ֨םH120Article | Noun - masculine singularor beastוְהַבְּהֵמָ֜הH929Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - feminine singularherdהַבָּקָ֣רH1241Article | Noun - masculine singularor flockוְהַצֹּ֗אןH6629Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - common singulartasteיִטְעֲמוּ֙H2938Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine pluralanything at allמְא֔וּמָהH3972Noun - masculine singularThey must notאַ֨ל־H408Adverbeatיִרְע֔וּH7462Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine pluralor drinkיִשְׁתּֽוּ׃H8354Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural. . .וּמַ֖יִםH4325Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural. . .אַל־H408Adverb
Verse 8

Original words

Furthermore, let both manהָֽאָדָם֙H120Article | Noun - masculine singularand beastוְהַבְּהֵמָ֔הH929Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - feminine singularbe coveredוְיִתְכַּסּ֣וּH3680Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hitpael - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine pluralwith sackclothשַׂקִּ֗יםH8242Noun - masculine pluraland have everyone call outוְיִקְרְא֥וּH7121Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine pluralearnestlyבְּחָזְקָ֑הH2394Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singulartoאֶל־H413PrepositionGodאֱלֹהִ֖יםH430Noun - masculine pluralLet each oneאִ֚ישׁH376Noun - masculine singularturnוְיָשֻׁ֗בוּH7725Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine pluralfromוּמִן־H4480Conjunctive waw | Prepositionhis evilהָֽרָעָ֔הH7451Article | Adjective - feminine singularwaysמִדַּרְכּ֣וֹH1870Preposition-m | Noun - common singular construct | third person masculine singularand from the violenceהֶחָמָ֖סH2555Article | Noun - masculine singular-אֲשֶׁ֥רH834Pronoun - relativein his handsבְּכַפֵּיהֶֽם׃H3709Preposition-b | Noun - feminine dual construct | third person masculine plural
Verse 9

Original words

Whoמִֽי־H4310Interrogativeknowsיוֹדֵ֣עַH3045Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularGodהָאֱלֹהִ֑יםH430Article | Noun - masculine pluralmay turnיָשׁ֔וּבH7725Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singularand relentוְנִחַ֖םH5162Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singularHe may turnוְשָׁ֛בH7725Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singularfrom His fierceמֵחֲר֥וֹןH2740Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular constructangerאַפּ֖וֹH639Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularso that we will notוְלֹ֥אH3808Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particleperishנֹאבֵֽד׃H6Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common plural
Verse 10

Original words

When Godהָֽאֱלֹהִים֙H430Article | Noun - masculine plural-אֶֽת־H853Direct object markersawוַיַּ֤רְאH7200Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singulartheir actionsמַ֣עֲשֵׂיהֶ֔םH4639Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine pluralthatכִּי־H3588Conjunctionthey had turnedשָׁ֖בוּH7725Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralfrom their evilהָרָעָ֑הH7451Article | Adjective - feminine singularwaysמִדַּרְכָּ֣םH1870Preposition-m | Noun - common singular construct | third person masculine plural[He]הָאֱלֹהִ֗יםH430Article | Noun - masculine pluralrelentedוַיִּנָּ֣חֶםH5162Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularfromעַל־H5921Prepositionthe disasterהָרָעָ֛הH7451Article | Adjective - feminine singular-אֲשֶׁר־H834Pronoun - relativeHe had threatenedדִּבֶּ֥רH1696Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singularto bringלַעֲשׂוֹת־H6213Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructupon themלָהֶ֖םPreposition-l | Pronoun - third person masculine plural-וְלֹ֥אH3808Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle-עָשָֽׂה׃H6213Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.