Focused Passage

Judges 2:11-19

Covenant Rebuke and the Pattern of Israel's Apostasy

From covenant indictment to cycle framework: the LORD confronts Israel's disobedience, the post-Joshua generation forsakes Him, and the pattern of discipline, compassion, deliverance, and deeper relapse is established.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

11And the Israelites did evil in the sight of the LORD and served the Baals.

12Thus they forsook the LORD, the God of their fathers, who had brought them out of the land of Egypt, and they followed after various gods of the peoples around them. They bowed down to them and provoked the LORD to anger,

13for they forsook Him and served Baal and the Ashtoreths.

14Then the anger of the LORD burned against Israel, and He delivered them into the hands of those who plundered them. He sold them into the hands of their enemies all around, whom they were no longer able to resist.

15Wherever Israel marched out, the hand of the LORD was against them to bring calamity, just as He had sworn to them. So they were greatly distressed.

16Then the LORD raised up judges, who saved them from the hands of those who plundered them.

17Israel, however, did not listen to their judges. Instead, they prostituted themselves with other gods and bowed down to them. They quickly turned from the way of their fathers, who had walked in obedience to the LORD’s commandments; they did not do as their fathers had done.

18Whenever the LORD raised up a judge for the Israelites, He was with that judge and saved them from the hands of their enemies while the judge was still alive; for the LORD was moved to pity by their groaning under those who oppressed them and afflicted them.

19But when the judge died, the Israelites became even more corrupt than their fathers, going after other gods to serve them and bow down to them. They would not give up their evil practices and stubborn ways.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 11

Original words

And the Israelitesבְנֵֽי־H1121Noun - masculine plural construct. . .יִשְׂרָאֵ֛לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerdidוַיַּעֲשׂ֧וּH6213Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralevilהָרַ֖עH7451Article | Adjective - masculine singularin the sightבְּעֵינֵ֣יH5869Preposition-b | Noun - cdcof the LORDיְהוָ֑הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularand servedוַיַּעַבְד֖וּH5647Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe Baalsהַבְּעָלִֽים׃H1168Article | Noun - masculine plural
Verse 12

Original words

Thus they forsookוַיַּעַזְב֞וּH5800Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe LORDיְהוָ֣ה׀H3068Noun - proper - masculine singularthe Godאֱלֹהֵ֣יH430Noun - masculine plural constructof their fathersאֲבוֹתָ֗םH1Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine pluralwho had brought themהַמּוֹצִ֣יאH3318Article | Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine singular-אוֹתָם֮H853Direct object marker | third person masculine pluralout of the landמֵאֶ֣רֶץH776Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singular constructof Egyptמִצְרַיִם֒H4714Noun - proper - feminine singularand they followedוַיֵּלְכ֞וּH1980Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralafterאַחֲרֵ֣י׀H310Prepositionvariousאֲחֵרִ֗יםH312Adjective - masculine plural. . .מֵאֱלֹהֵ֤יH430Preposition-m | Noun - masculine plural constructgodsאֱלֹהִ֣יםH430Noun - masculine pluralof the peoplesהָֽעַמִּים֙H5971Article | Noun - masculine pluralaround themסְבִיב֣וֹתֵיהֶ֔םH5439Adverb | third person masculine plural-אֲשֶׁר֙H834Pronoun - relativeThey bowed downוַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲו֖וּH7812Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hitpael - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralto themלָהֶ֑םPreposition | third person masculine pluraland provokedוַיַּכְעִ֖סוּH3707Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe LORD {to anger}יְהוָֽה׃H3068Noun - proper - masculine singular
Verse 13

Original words

for they forsookוַיַּעַזְב֖וּH5800Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markerHimיְהוָ֑הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularand servedוַיַּעַבְד֥וּH5647Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralBaalלַבַּ֖עַלH1168Preposition-l, Article | Noun - proper - masculine singularand the Ashtorethsוְלָעַשְׁתָּרֽוֹת׃H6252Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Noun - proper - feminine plural
Verse 14

Original words

Then the angerאַ֤ףH639Noun - masculine singular constructof the LORDיְהוָה֙H3068Noun - proper - masculine singularburnedוַיִּֽחַר־H2734Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularagainst Israelבְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לH3478Preposition-b | Noun - proper - masculine singularand He delivered themוַֽיִּתְּנֵם֙H5414Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine pluralinto the handsבְּיַד־H3027Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular constructvvvשֹׁסִ֔יםH8154Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralof those who plunderedוַיָּשֹׁ֖סּוּH8155Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralthemאוֹתָ֑םH853Direct object marker | third person masculine pluralHe sold themוַֽיִּמְכְּרֵ֞םH4376Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine pluralinto the handsבְּיַ֤דH3027Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular constructof their enemiesאֽוֹיְבֵיהֶם֙H341Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | third person masculine pluralall aroundמִסָּבִ֔יבH5439Preposition-m | Adverbwhom they wereיָכְל֣וּH3201Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralnoוְלֹֽא־H3808Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particlelongerע֔וֹדH5750Adverbable to resistלַעֲמֹ֖דH5975Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct. . .לִפְנֵ֥יH6440Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct-אוֹיְבֵיהֶֽם׃H341Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural

BSB notes

  • Literally of plunderers who plundered them
Verse 15

Original words

Whereverבְּכֹ֣ל׀H3605Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular-אֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relative[Israel] marched outיָצְא֗וּH3318Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralthe handיַד־H3027Noun - feminine singular constructof the LORDיְהוָה֙H3068Noun - proper - masculine singularwasהָיְתָה־H1961Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singularagainst themבָּ֣םPreposition | third person masculine pluralto bring calamityלְרָעָ֔הH7451Preposition-l | Adjective - feminine singularjust asכַּֽאֲשֶׁר֙H834Preposition-k | Pronoun - relativeHeיְהוָ֔הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singular-וְכַאֲשֶׁ֛רH834Conjunctive waw, Preposition-k | Pronoun - relativevvvדִּבֶּ֣רH1696Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singularhad swornנִשְׁבַּ֥עH7650Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singular. . .יְהוָ֖הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularto themלָהֶ֑םPreposition | third person masculine pluralSo they were greatly distressedוַיֵּ֥צֶרH3334Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .לָהֶ֖םPreposition | third person masculine plural. . .מְאֹֽד׃H3966Adverb
Verse 16

Original words

Then the LORDיְהוָ֖הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularraised upוַיָּ֥קֶםH6965Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularjudgesשֹֽׁפְטִ֑יםH8199Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralwho saved themוַיּ֣וֹשִׁיע֔וּםH3467Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural | third person masculine pluralfrom the handsמִיַּ֖דH3027Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singular constructof those who plundered themשֹׁסֵיהֶֽם׃H8154Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural

BSB notes

  • Or governors or leaders; here and throughout the book of Judges
Verse 17

Original words

[Israel,] howeverוְגַ֤םH1571Conjunctiondid notלֹ֣אH3808Adverb - Negative particlelistenשָׁמֵ֔עוּH8085Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluraltoאֶל־H413Prepositiontheir judgesשֹֽׁפְטֵיהֶם֙H8199Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | third person masculine pluralInsteadכִּ֣יH3588Conjunctionthey prostitutedזָנ֗וּH2181Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralthemselves withאַֽחֲרֵי֙H310Prepositionotherאֲחֵרִ֔יםH312Adjective - masculine pluralgodsאֱלֹהִ֣יםH430Noun - masculine pluraland bowed downוַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲו֖וּH7812Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hitpael - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralto themלָהֶ֑םPreposition | third person masculine pluralThey quicklyמַהֵ֗רH4118Adverbturnedסָ֣רוּH5493Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralfromמִן־H4480Prepositionthe wayהַדֶּ֜רֶךְH1870Article | Noun - common singular-אֲשֶׁ֨רH834Pronoun - relativeof their fathersאֲבוֹתָ֛םH1Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine pluralwho had walkedהָלְכ֧וּH1980Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralin obedienceלִשְׁמֹ֥עַH8085Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructto the LORD’sיְהוָ֖הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularcommandmentsמִצְוֺת־H4687Noun - feminine plural constructthey did notלֹא־H3808Adverb - Negative particledo as their fathers [had done]עָ֥שׂוּH6213Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural. . .כֵֽן׃H3651Adverb
Verse 18

Original words

Wheneverוְכִֽי־H3588Conjunctionthe LORDיְהוָ֥ה׀H3068Noun - proper - masculine singularraised upהֵקִ֨יםH6965Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singulara judgeשֹֽׁפְטִים֒H8199Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralfor the Israelitesלָהֶם֮Preposition | third person masculine plural[He]יְהוָה֙H3068Noun - proper - masculine singularwasוְהָיָ֤הH1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singularwithעִם־H5973Prepositionthat judgeהַשֹּׁפֵ֔טH8199Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularand saved themוְהֽוֹשִׁיעָם֙H3467Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine pluralfrom the handsמִיַּ֣דH3027Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singular constructof their enemiesאֹֽיְבֵיהֶ֔םH341Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | third person masculine pluralwhile the judgeהַשּׁוֹפֵ֑טH8199Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular. . .כִּֽי־H3588Conjunctionwas still aliveכֹּ֖לH3605Noun - masculine singular construct. . .יְמֵ֣יH3117Noun - masculine plural constructfor the LORDיְהוָה֙H3068Noun - proper - masculine singularwas moved to pityיִנָּחֵ֤םH5162Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singularby their groaningמִנַּֽאֲקָתָ֔םH5009Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine pluralunder thoseמִפְּנֵ֥יH6440Preposition-m | Noun - common plural constructwho oppressed themלֹחֲצֵיהֶ֖םH3905Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | third person masculine pluraland afflicted themוְדֹחֲקֵיהֶֽם׃H1766Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural
Verse 19

Original words

But whenוְהָיָ֣ה׀H1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singularthe judgeהַשּׁוֹפֵ֗טH8199Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular. . .יָשֻׁ֙בוּ֙H7725Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine pluraldiedבְּמ֣וֹתH4191Preposition-b | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructthe Israelites became even more corruptוְהִשְׁחִ֣יתוּH7843Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - third person common pluralthan their fathersמֵֽאֲבוֹתָ֔םH1Preposition-m | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine pluralgoingלָלֶ֗כֶתH1980Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructafterאַֽחֲרֵי֙H310Prepositionotherאֲחֵרִ֔יםH312Adjective - masculine pluralgodsאֱלֹהִ֣יםH430Noun - masculine pluralto serve themלְעָבְדָ֖םH5647Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | third person masculine pluraland bow downוּלְהִשְׁתַּחֲוֺ֣תH7812Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Verb - Hitpael - Infinitive constructto themלָהֶ֑םPreposition | third person masculine pluralThey would notלֹ֤אH3808Adverb - Negative particlegive upהִפִּ֙ילוּ֙H5307Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person common pluraltheir evil practicesמִמַּ֣עַלְלֵיהֶ֔םH4611Preposition-m | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine pluraland stubbornהַקָּשָֽׁה׃H7186Article | Adjective - feminine singularwaysוּמִדַּרְכָּ֖םH1870Conjunctive waw, Preposition-m | Noun - common singular construct | third person masculine plural

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.