Focused Passage

Deuteronomy 10:12-22

New Tablets, Circumcised Hearts, and the God Who Loves the Stranger

From the covenant renewed through new tablets and the ark (vv. 1-5), through the Levitical transition and priestly establishment (vv. 6-9) and the second forty-day stay resolved (vv. 10-11), to the response required: fear, walk, love, serve, keep — and circumcise the heart, for the LORD who requires this also loves the stranger (vv. 12-22).

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

12 And now, O Israel, what does the LORD your God ask of you but to fear the LORD your God by walking in all His ways, to love Him, to serve the LORD your God with all your heart and with all your soul,

13 and to keep the commandments and statutes of the LORD that I am giving you this day for your own good?

14 Behold, to the LORD your God belong the heavens, even the highest heavens, and the earth and everything in it.

15 Yet the LORD has set His affection on your fathers and loved them. And He has chosen you, their descendants after them, above all the peoples, even to this day.

16 Circumcise your hearts, therefore, and stiffen your necks no more.

17 For the LORD your God is God of gods and Lord of lords, the great, mighty, and awesome God, showing no partiality and accepting no bribe.

18 He executes justice for the fatherless and widow, and He loves the foreigner, giving him food and clothing.

19 So you also must love the foreigner, since you yourselves were foreigners in the land of Egypt.

20 You are to fear the LORD your God and serve Him. Hold fast to Him and take your oaths in His name.

21 He is your praise and He is your God, who has done for you these great and awesome wonders that your eyes have seen.

22 Your fathers went down to Egypt, seventy in all, and now the LORD your God has made you as numerous as the stars in the sky.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 12

Cross-references

Joshua 24:14 BSB references Micah 6:8 Classic cross-references Matthew 22:37 Classic cross-references Ecclesiastes 12:13 Classic cross-references Deuteronomy 6:5 Classic cross-references Luke 10:27 Classic cross-references

Original words

And now וְעַתָּה֙ H6258 Conjunctive waw | Adverb O Israel יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular what מָ֚ה H4100 Interrogative does the LORD יְהוָ֣ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular your God אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ H430 Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singular ask שֹׁאֵ֖ל H7592 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular of you מֵעִמָּ֑ךְ H5973 Preposition-m | second person masculine singular but כִּ֣י H3588 Conjunction . . . אִם־ H518 Conjunction to fear לְ֠יִרְאָה H3372 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | third person feminine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker the LORD יְהוָ֨ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular your God אֱלֹהֶ֜יךָ H430 Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singular by walking לָלֶ֤כֶת H1980 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct in all בְּכָל־ H3605 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct His ways דְּרָכָיו֙ H1870 Noun - common plural construct | third person masculine singular to love Him וּלְאַהֲבָ֣ה H157 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | third person feminine singular - אֹת֔וֹ H853 Direct object marker | third person masculine singular to serve וְלַֽעֲבֹד֙ H5647 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker the LORD יְהוָ֣ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular your God אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ H430 Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singular with all בְּכָל־ H3605 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct your heart לְבָבְךָ֖ H3824 Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular and with all וּבְכָל־ H3605 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct your soul נַפְשֶֽׁךָ׃ H5315 Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine singular

Verse 13

Cross-references

Jeremiah 32:39 Classic cross-references Deuteronomy 6:24 Classic cross-references James 1:25 Classic cross-references Job 5:27 Classic cross-references

Original words

[and] to keep לִשְׁמֹ֞ר H8104 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker the commandments מִצְוֺ֤ת H4687 Noun - feminine plural construct and וְאֶת־ H853 Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker statutes חֻקֹּתָ֔יו H2708 Noun - feminine plural construct | third person masculine singular of the LORD יְהוָה֙ H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular that אֲשֶׁ֛ר H834 Pronoun - relative I אָנֹכִ֥י H595 Pronoun - first person common singular am giving you מְצַוְּךָ֖ H6680 Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular this day הַיּ֑וֹם H3117 Article | Noun - masculine singular for your own good לְט֖וֹב H2896 Preposition-l | Adjective - masculine singular

Verse 14

Cross-references

Psalms 24:1 Classic cross-references Acts 17:24 Classic cross-references Exodus 19:5 Classic cross-references Nehemiah 9:6 Classic cross-references Psalms 50:12 Classic cross-references

Original words

Behold הֵ֚ן H2005 Interjection to the LORD לַיהוָ֣ה H3068 Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular your God אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ H430 Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singular belong the heavens הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם H8064 Article | Noun - masculine plural even the highest וּשְׁמֵ֣י H8064 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct heavens הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם H8064 Article | Noun - masculine plural and the earth הָאָ֖רֶץ H776 Article | Noun - feminine singular and everything וְכָל־ H3605 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct - אֲשֶׁר־ H834 Pronoun - relative in it בָּֽהּ׃ Preposition | third person feminine singular

Verse 15

Cross-references

1 Peter 2:9 Classic cross-references Jeremiah 31:3 Classic cross-references Amos 3:2 Classic cross-references Numbers 14:8 Classic cross-references Psalms 135:4 Classic cross-references

Original words

Yet רַ֧ק H7535 Adverb the LORD יְהוָ֖ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular has set His affection חָשַׁ֥ק H2836 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular on your fathers בַּאֲבֹתֶ֛יךָ H1 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singular and loved לְאַהֲבָ֣ה H157 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | third person feminine singular them אוֹתָ֑ם H853 Direct object marker | third person masculine plural And He has chosen you וַיִּבְחַ֞ר H977 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular their descendants בְּזַרְעָ֣ם H2233 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine plural after אַחֲרֵיהֶ֗ם H310 Preposition | third person masculine plural them בָּכֶ֛ם Preposition | second person masculine plural above all מִכָּל־ H3605 Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular construct the peoples הָעַמִּ֖ים H5971 Article | Noun - masculine plural even to this day כַּיּ֥וֹם H3117 Preposition-k, Article | Noun - masculine singular . . . הַזֶּה׃ H2088 Article | Pronoun - masculine singular

Verse 16

Cross-references

Deuteronomy 30:6 Classic cross-references Romans 2:29 Classic cross-references Acts 7:51 Classic cross-references Jeremiah 4:4 Classic cross-references Leviticus 26:41 Classic cross-references

Original words

Circumcise וּמַלְתֶּ֕ם H4135 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine plural - אֵ֖ת H853 Direct object marker - עָרְלַ֣ת H6190 Noun - feminine singular construct your hearts, therefore לְבַבְכֶ֑ם H3824 Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine plural and stiffen תַקְשׁ֖וּ H7185 Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - second person masculine plural your necks וְעָ֨רְפְּכֶ֔ם H6203 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine plural no לֹ֥א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle more עֽוֹד׃ H5750 Adverb

Verse 17

Cross-references

Romans 2:11 Classic cross-references Acts 10:34 Classic cross-references Isaiah 9:6 Classic cross-references Daniel 2:47 Classic cross-references Galatians 2:6 Classic cross-references

Original words

For כִּ֚י H3588 Conjunction the LORD יְהוָ֣ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular your God אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֔ם H430 Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine plural . . . ה֚וּא H1931 Pronoun - third person masculine singular is God אֱלֹהֵ֣י H430 Noun - masculine plural construct of gods הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים H430 Article | Noun - masculine plural and Lord וַאֲדֹנֵ֖י H113 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct of lords הָאֲדֹנִ֑ים H113 Article | Noun - masculine plural the great הַגָּדֹ֤ל H1419 Article | Adjective - masculine singular mighty הַגִּבֹּר֙ H1368 Article | Adjective - masculine singular and awesome וְהַנּוֹרָ֔א H3372 Conjunctive waw, Article | Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine singular - אֲשֶׁר֙ H834 Pronoun - relative God הָאֵ֨ל H410 Article | Noun - masculine singular showing no לֹא־ H3808 Adverb - Negative particle partiality יִשָּׂ֣א H5375 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular . . . פָנִ֔ים H6440 Noun - masculine plural and accepting יִקַּ֖ח H3947 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular no וְלֹ֥א H3808 Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle bribe שֹֽׁחַד׃ H7810 Noun - masculine singular

Verse 18

Cross-references

Psalms 146:9 Classic cross-references Psalms 68:5 Classic cross-references Hebrews 13:2 Classic cross-references Deuteronomy 27:19 Classic cross-references 1 Timothy 5:3 Classic cross-references

Original words

He executes עֹשֶׂ֛ה H6213 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular justice מִשְׁפַּ֥ט H4941 Noun - masculine singular construct for the fatherless יָת֖וֹם H3490 Noun - masculine singular and widow וְאַלְמָנָ֑ה H490 Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular and He loves וְאֹהֵ֣ב H157 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular the foreigner גֵּ֔ר H1616 Noun - masculine singular giving לָ֥תֶת H5414 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct him ל֖וֹ Preposition | third person masculine singular food לֶ֥חֶם H3899 Noun - masculine singular and clothing וְשִׂמְלָֽה׃ H8071 Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular

Verse 19

Cross-references

Exodus 22:21 Classic cross-references Leviticus 19:33 Classic cross-references Leviticus 19:34 Classic cross-references Deuteronomy 23:7 Classic cross-references 1 John 3:17 Classic cross-references

Original words

So you also must love וַאֲהַבְתֶּ֖ם H157 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine plural - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker the foreigner הַגֵּ֑ר H1616 Article | Noun - masculine singular since כִּֽי־ H3588 Conjunction you yourselves were הֱיִיתֶ֖ם H1961 Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine plural foreigners גֵרִ֥ים H1616 Noun - masculine plural in the land בְּאֶ֥רֶץ H776 Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct of Egypt מִצְרָֽיִם׃ H4714 Noun - proper - feminine singular

Verse 20

Cross-references

1 Samuel 7:3 Classic cross-references Matthew 4:10 Classic cross-references Exodus 23:25 Classic cross-references Luke 4:8 Classic cross-references Deuteronomy 30:20 Classic cross-references

Original words

- אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker You are to fear תִּירָ֖א H3372 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular - אֹת֣וֹ H853 Direct object marker | third person masculine singular the LORD יְהוָ֧ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular your God אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ H430 Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singular and serve תַעֲבֹ֑ד H5647 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular Him וּב֣וֹ Conjunctive waw | Preposition | third person masculine singular Hold fast to Him תִדְבָּ֔ק H1692 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular and take your oaths תִּשָּׁבֵֽעַ׃ H7650 Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular in His name וּבִשְׁמ֖וֹ H8034 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular

Verse 21

Cross-references

1 Samuel 12:24 Classic cross-references Exodus 34:10 Classic cross-references Psalms 22:3 Classic cross-references Psalms 65:5 Classic cross-references Jeremiah 17:14 Classic cross-references

Original words

He ה֥וּא H1931 Pronoun - third person masculine singular is your praise תְהִלָּתְךָ֖ H8416 Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine singular and He וְה֣וּא H1931 Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - third person masculine singular is your God אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ H430 Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singular who אֲשֶׁר־ H834 Pronoun - relative has done עָשָׂ֣ה H6213 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular for you אִתְּךָ֗ H854 Direct object marker | second person masculine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker these הָאֵ֔לֶּה H428 Article | Pronoun - common plural great הַגְּדֹלֹ֤ת H1419 Article | Adjective - feminine plural - וְאֶת־ H853 Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker and awesome wonders הַנּֽוֹרָאֹת֙ H3372 Article | Verb - Nifal - Participle - feminine plural that אֲשֶׁ֥ר H834 Pronoun - relative your eyes עֵינֶֽיךָ׃ H5869 Noun - cdc | second person masculine singular have seen רָא֖וּ H7200 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural

Verse 22

Cross-references

Genesis 15:5 Classic cross-references Genesis 46:27 Classic cross-references Deuteronomy 26:5 Classic cross-references Deuteronomy 7:7 Classic cross-references Exodus 1:5 Classic cross-references

Original words

Your fathers אֲבֹתֶ֖יךָ H1 Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singular went down יָרְד֥וּ H3381 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural to Egypt מִצְרָ֑יְמָהּ H4714 Noun - proper - feminine singular | third person feminine singular seventy בְּשִׁבְעִ֣ים H7657 Preposition-b | Number - common plural in all נֶ֔פֶשׁ H5315 Noun - feminine singular and now וְעַתָּ֗ה H6258 Conjunctive waw | Adverb the LORD יְהוָ֣ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular your God אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ H430 Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singular has made שָֽׂמְךָ֙ H7760 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | second person masculine singular you as numerous לָרֹֽב׃ H7230 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular as the stars כְּכוֹכְבֵ֥י H3556 Preposition-k | Noun - masculine plural construct in the sky הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם H8064 Article | Noun - masculine plural

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