Focused Passage

Luke 11:37-44

Prayer, Kingdom Conflict, True Hearing, and the Exposure of Hypocrisy

Luke moves from Jesus teaching prayer to the Father’s generosity, from exorcism to kingdom conflict, from sign-seeking to the sign of Jonah, from biological blessing to obedient hearing, and from outward religious appearance to inward corruption exposed by Jesus’ woes.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

37 As Jesus was speaking, a Pharisee invited Him to dine with him; so He went in and reclined at the table.

38 But the Pharisee was surprised to see that Jesus did not first wash before the meal.

39 Then the Lord said, “Now you Pharisees clean the outside of the cup and dish, but inside you are full of greed and wickedness.

40 You fools! Did not the One who made the outside make the inside as well?

41 But give as alms the things that are within you, and behold, everything will be clean for you.

42 Woe to you Pharisees! For you pay tithes of mint, rue, and every herb, but you disregard justice and the love of God. You should have practiced the latter without neglecting the former.

43 Woe to you Pharisees! For you love the chief seats in the synagogues and the greetings in the marketplaces.

44 Woe to you! For you are like unmarked graves, which men walk over without even noticing.”

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 37

Cross-references

Matthew 23 BSB references Proverbs 23:7 Classic cross-references Luke 7:36 Classic cross-references 1 Corinthians 9:19 Classic cross-references Luke 14:1 Classic cross-references Malachi 3:2 Classic cross-references

Original words

- δὲ G1161 Conjunction As Ἐν G1722 Preposition - τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Neuter Singular [Jesus] was speaking λαλῆσαι G2980 Verb - Aorist Infinitive Active a Pharisee Φαρισαῖος G5330 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular invited ἐρωτᾷ G2065 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular Him αὐτὸν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular to ὅπως G3704 Conjunction dine ἀριστήσῃ G709 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 3rd Person Singular with παρ’ G3844 Preposition him αὐτῷ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular [so] δὲ G1161 Conjunction He went in εἰσελθὼν G1525 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular [and] reclined at the table ἀνέπεσεν G377 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular

Verse 38

Cross-references

Matthew 15:11 Classic cross-references Matthew 15:2 Classic cross-references Mark 7:4 Classic cross-references John 3:25 Classic cross-references Mark 7:2 Classic cross-references

Original words

But δὲ G1161 Conjunction the ὁ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Pharisee Φαρισαῖος G5330 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular was surprised ἐθαύμασεν G2296 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular to see ἰδὼν G3708 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular that ὅτι G3754 Conjunction vvv οὐ G3756 Adverb [Jesus] did not first wash ἐβαπτίσθη G907 Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular . . . πρῶτον G4412 Adverb - Superlative before πρὸ G4253 Preposition the τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Neuter Singular meal ἀρίστου G712 Noun - Genitive Neuter Singular

Verse 39

Cross-references

Mark 7:6 Classic cross-references Isaiah 55:7 Classic cross-references Luke 16:15 Classic cross-references Matthew 12:33 Classic cross-references Psalms 51:6 Classic cross-references

Original words

Then δὲ G1161 Conjunction the ὁ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Lord Κύριος G2962 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular said Εἶπεν G2036 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular - πρὸς G4314 Preposition - αὐτόν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular Now Νῦν G3568 Adverb you ὑμεῖς G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 2nd Person Plural - οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural Pharisees Φαρισαῖοι G5330 Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural clean καθαρίζετε G2511 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Plural the τὸ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Singular outside ἔξωθεν G1855 Adverb of the τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Neuter Singular cup ποτηρίου G4221 Noun - Genitive Neuter Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction - τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular dish πίνακος G4094 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular but δὲ G1161 Conjunction - τὸ G3588 Article - Nominative Neuter Singular inside ἔσωθεν G2081 Adverb you ὑμῶν G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 2nd Person Plural are full γέμει G1073 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular of greed ἁρπαγῆς G724 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction wickedness πονηρίας G4189 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular

Verse 40

Cross-references

1 Peter 3:4 Classic cross-references Psalms 45:13 Classic cross-references Luke 12:20 Classic cross-references 1 Corinthians 15:36 Classic cross-references Matthew 23:17 Classic cross-references

Original words

[You] fools ἄφρονες G878 Adjective - Vocative Masculine Plural [Did] not οὐχ G3756 Adverb the [One who] ὁ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular made ποιήσας G4160 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular the τὸ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Singular outside ἔξωθεν G1855 Adverb make ἐποίησεν G4160 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular the τὸ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Singular inside ἔσωθεν G2081 Adverb as well καὶ G2532 Conjunction

Verse 41

Cross-references

1 Corinthians 10:31 Classic cross-references Nehemiah 8:10 Classic cross-references Isaiah 58:7 Classic cross-references Luke 12:33 Classic cross-references James 1:27 Classic cross-references

Original words

But πλὴν G4133 Conjunction give δότε G1325 Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Plural [as] alms ἐλεημοσύνην G1654 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular the things that τὰ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Plural are within [you] ἐνόντα G1751 Verb - Present Participle Active - Accusative Neuter Plural and καὶ G2532 Conjunction behold ἰδοὺ G2400 Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Singular everything πάντα G3956 Adjective - Nominative Neuter Plural will be ἐστιν G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular clean καθαρὰ G2513 Adjective - Nominative Neuter Plural for you ὑμῖν G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative 2nd Person Plural

Verse 42

Cross-references

Micah 6:8 Classic cross-references Matthew 23:23 Classic cross-references Jeremiah 23:1 Classic cross-references Luke 18:12 Classic cross-references Deuteronomy 10:12 Classic cross-references

Original words

- Ἀλλὰ G235 Conjunction Woe οὐαὶ G3759 Interjection to you ὑμῖν G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative 2nd Person Plural - τοῖς G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Plural Pharisees Φαρισαίοις G5330 Noun - Dative Masculine Plural For ὅτι G3754 Conjunction you pay tithes of ἀποδεκατοῦτε G586 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Plural . . . τὸ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Singular mint ἡδύοσμον G2238 Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular - καὶ G2532 Conjunction - τὸ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Singular rue πήγανον G4076 Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction every πᾶν G3956 Adjective - Accusative Neuter Singular herb λάχανον G3001 Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular but καὶ G2532 Conjunction you disregard παρέρχεσθε G3928 Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 2nd Person Plural - τὴν G3588 Article - Accusative Feminine Singular justice κρίσιν G2920 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction the τὴν G3588 Article - Accusative Feminine Singular love ἀγάπην G26 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular - τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular of God Θεοῦ G2316 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular - δὲ G1161 Conjunction You should have ἔδει G1163 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular practiced ποιῆσαι G4160 Verb - Aorist Infinitive Active [the latter] ταῦτα G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Plural without μὴ G3361 Adverb neglecting παρεῖναι G3935 Verb - Aorist Infinitive Active [the former] κἀκεῖνα G2548 Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Plural

Verse 43

Cross-references

Luke 14:7 Classic cross-references Luke 20:46 Classic cross-references Mark 12:38 Classic cross-references Matthew 6:5 Classic cross-references Matthew 23:6 Classic cross-references

Original words

Woe Οὐαὶ G3759 Interjection to you ὑμῖν G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative 2nd Person Plural - τοῖς G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Plural Pharisees Φαρισαίοις G5330 Noun - Dative Masculine Plural For ὅτι G3754 Conjunction you love ἀγαπᾶτε G25 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Plural the τὴν G3588 Article - Accusative Feminine Singular chief seats πρωτοκαθεδρίαν G4410 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular in ἐν G1722 Preposition the ταῖς G3588 Article - Dative Feminine Plural synagogues συναγωγαῖς G4864 Noun - Dative Feminine Plural and καὶ G2532 Conjunction the τοὺς G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Plural greetings ἀσπασμοὺς G783 Noun - Accusative Masculine Plural in ἐν G1722 Preposition the ταῖς G3588 Article - Dative Feminine Plural marketplaces ἀγοραῖς G58 Noun - Dative Feminine Plural

Verse 44

Cross-references

Matthew 23:27 Classic cross-references Psalms 5:9 Classic cross-references 1 Peter 2:1 Classic cross-references Acts 23:3 Classic cross-references Matthew 5:20 Classic cross-references

Original words

Woe οὐαὶ G3759 Interjection to you ὑμῖν G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative 2nd Person Plural For ὅτι G3754 Conjunction you are ἐστὲ G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Plural like ὡς G5613 Adverb - τὰ G3588 Article - Nominative Neuter Plural unmarked ἄδηλα G82 Adjective - Nominative Neuter Plural - τὰ G3588 Article - Nominative Neuter Plural graves μνημεῖα G3419 Noun - Nominative Neuter Plural [which] καὶ G2532 Conjunction - οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural men ἄνθρωποι G444 Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural - οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural walk περιπατοῦντες G4043 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural over ἐπάνω G1883 Adverb without οὐκ G3756 Adverb [even] noticing οἴδασιν G1492 Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural

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