Focused Passage

Nehemiah 2:1-10

Nehemiah Receives Royal Favor, Surveys Jerusalem, and Calls the People to Rise and Build

God answers Nehemiah's prayer by granting royal favor, bringing him safely to Jerusalem, leading him to inspect the ruins, and enabling him to call the people to rebuild despite opposition.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1Now in the month of Nisan, in the twentieth year of King Artaxerxes, when wine was set before him, I took the wine and gave it to the king. I had never been sad in his presence,

2so the king said to me, “Why is your face sad, though you are not ill? This could only be sadness of the heart.” I was overwhelmed with fear

3and replied to the king, “May the king live forever! Why should I not be sad when the city where my fathers are buried lies in ruins, and its gates have been destroyed by fire?”

4“What is your request?” replied the king. So I prayed to the God of heaven

5and answered the king, “If it pleases the king, and if your servant has found favor in your sight, I ask that you send me to Judah, to the city where my fathers are buried, so that I may rebuild it.”

6Then the king, with the queen seated beside him, asked me, “How long will your journey take, and when will you return?” So it pleased the king to send me, and I set a time.

7I also said to him, “If it pleases the king, may letters be given to me for the governors west of the Euphrates, so that they will grant me safe passage until I reach Judah.

8And may I have a letter to Asaph, keeper of the king’s forest, so that he will give me timber to make beams for the gates of the citadel to the temple, for the city wall, and for the house I will occupy.” And because the gracious hand of my God was upon me, the king granted my requests.

9Then I went to the governors west of the Euphrates and gave them the king’s letters. The king had also sent army officers and cavalry with me.

10But when Sanballat the Horonite and Tobiah the Ammonite official heard about this, they were deeply disturbed that someone had come to seek the well-being of the Israelites.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Original words

Nowוַיְהִ֣י׀H1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularin the monthבְּחֹ֣דֶשׁH2320Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular constructof Nisanנִיסָ֗ןH5212Noun - proper - feminine singularin the twentiethעֶשְׂרִ֛יםH6242Number - common pluralyearשְׁנַ֥תH8141Noun - feminine singular constructof Kingהַמֶּ֖לֶךְH4428Article | Noun - masculine singularArtaxerxesלְאַרְתַּחְשַׁ֥סְתְּאH783Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singularwhen wineיַ֣יִןH3196Noun - masculine singularwas set before himלְפָנָ֑יוH6440Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct | third person masculine singularI tookוָאֶשָּׂ֤אH5375Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe wineהַיַּ֙יִן֙H3196Article | Noun - masculine singularand gaveוָאֶתְּנָ֣הH5414Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singularit to the kingלַמֶּ֔לֶךְH4428Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singularI had neverוְלֹא־H3808Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particlebeenהָיִ֥יתִיH1961Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singularsadרַ֖עH7451Adjective - masculine singularin his presenceלְפָנָֽיו׃H6440Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct | third person masculine singular

BSB notes

  • Nisan is the first month of the Hebrew lunar calendar, usually occurring within the months of March and April.
Verse 2

Original words

so the kingהַמֶּ֜לֶךְH4428Article | Noun - masculine singularsaidוַיֹּאמֶר֩H559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularto meלִ֨יPreposition | first person common singularWhy [is]מַדּ֣וּעַ׀H4069Interrogativeyour faceפָּנֶ֣יךָH6440Noun - common plural construct | second person masculine singularsadרָעִ֗יםH7451Adjective - masculine pluralthough you [are]וְאַתָּה֙H859Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - second person masculine singularnotאֵֽינְךָ֣H369Adverb | second person masculine singularillחוֹלֶ֔הH2470Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularThisזֶ֔הH2088Pronoun - masculine singularcould only beאֵ֣יןH369Adverb. . .כִּי־H3588Conjunction. . .אִ֖םH518Conjunctionsadnessרֹ֣עַֽH7455Noun - masculine singular constructof the heartלֵ֑בH3820Noun - masculine singularI was overwhelmed with fearוָאִירָ֖אH3372Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular. . .הַרְבֵּ֥הH7235Verb - Hifil - Infinitive absolute. . .מְאֹֽד׃H3966Adverb
Verse 3

Original words

and repliedוָאֹמַ֣רH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singularto the kingלַמֶּ֔לֶךְH4428Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singularMay the kingהַמֶּ֖לֶךְH4428Article | Noun - masculine singularlive foreverיִחְיֶ֑הH2421Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .לְעוֹלָ֣םH5769Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singularWhyמַדּ֜וּעַH4069Interrogativeshould I notלֹא־H3808Adverb - Negative particlebe sadיֵרְע֣וּH7489Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural. . .פָנַ֗יH6440Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singularwhenאֲשֶׁ֨רH834Pronoun - relativethe cityהָעִ֜ירH5892Article | Noun - feminine singularwhereבֵּית־H1004Noun - masculine singular constructmy fathersאֲבֹתַי֙H1Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singularare buriedקִבְר֤וֹתH6913Noun - masculine plural constructlies in ruinsחֲרֵבָ֔הH2720Adjective - feminine singularand its gatesוּשְׁעָרֶ֖יהָH8179Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person feminine singularhave been destroyedאֻכְּל֥וּH398Verb - QalPass - Perfect - third person common pluralby fireבָאֵֽשׁ׃סH784Preposition-b, Article | Noun - common singular
Verse 4

Original words

Whatמַה־H4100Interrogative. . .זֶּ֖הH2088Pronoun - masculine singularis yourאַתָּ֣הH859Pronoun - second person masculine singularrequestמְבַקֵּ֑שׁH1245Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine singularrepliedוַיֹּ֤אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular-לִי֙Preposition | first person common singularthe kingהַמֶּ֔לֶךְH4428Article | Noun - masculine singular. . .עַל־H5921PrepositionSo I prayedוָֽאֶתְפַּלֵּ֔לH6419Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hitpael - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singulartoאֶל־H413Prepositionthe Godאֱלֹהֵ֖יH430Noun - masculine plural constructof heavenהַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃H8064Article | Noun - masculine plural
Verse 5

Original words

and answeredוָאֹמַ֣רH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singularthe kingלַמֶּ֔לֶךְH4428Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singularIfאִם־H518Conjunctionעַל־עַל־H5921Prepositionit pleasesט֔וֹבH2896Adjective - masculine singularthe kingהַמֶּ֣לֶךְH4428Article | Noun - masculine singularand ifוְאִם־H518Conjunctionyour servantעַבְדְּךָ֖H5650Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singularhas found favorיִיטַ֥בH3190Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singularin your sightלְפָנֶ֑יךָH6440Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct | second person masculine singularI ask thatאֲשֶׁ֧רH834Pronoun - relativeyou send meתִּשְׁלָחֵ֣נִיH7971Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular | first person common singulartoאֶל־H413PrepositionJudahיְהוּדָ֗הH3063Noun - proper - masculine singulartoאֶל־H413Prepositionthe cityעִ֛ירH5892Noun - feminine singular constructwhere my fathersאֲבֹתַ֖יH1Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singularare buriedקִבְר֥וֹתH6913Noun - masculine plural constructso that I may rebuild itוְאֶבְנֶֽנָּה׃H1129Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative if contextual - first person common singular | third person feminine singular
Verse 6

Original words

Then the kingהַמֶּ֜לֶךְH4428Article | Noun - masculine singularwith the queenוְהַשֵּׁגַ֣ל׀H7694Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - feminine singularseatedיוֹשֶׁ֣בֶתH3427Verb - Qal - Participle - feminine singularbeside himאֶצְל֗וֹH681Preposition | third person masculine singularaskedוַיֹּאמֶר֩H559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularmeלִ֨יPreposition | first person common singularHow longעַד־H5704Preposition. . .מָתַ֛יH4970Interrogativewill your journeyמַֽהֲלָכֲךָ֖H4109Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singulartakeיִהְיֶ֥הH1961Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singularand whenוּמָתַ֣יH4970Conjunctive waw | Interrogativewill you returnתָּשׁ֑וּבH7725Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singularSo it pleasedוַיִּיטַ֤בH3190Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .לִפְנֵֽי־H6440Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural constructthe kingהַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙H4428Article | Noun - masculine singularto send meוַיִּשְׁלָחֵ֔נִיH7971Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | first person common singularand I setוָֽאֶתְּנָ֥הH5414Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singulara timeזְמָֽן׃H2165Noun - masculine singular
Verse 7

Original words

I also saidוָאוֹמַר֮H559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singularto [him]לַמֶּלֶךְ֒H4428Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singularIfאִם־H518Conjunctionעַל־עַל־H5921Prepositionit pleasesט֔וֹבH2896Adjective - masculine singularthe kingהַמֶּ֣לֶךְH4428Article | Noun - masculine singularmay lettersאִגְּרוֹת֙H107Noun - feminine pluralbe givenיִתְּנוּ־H5414Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine pluralto meלִ֔יPreposition | first person common singularforעַֽל־H5921Prepositionthe governorsפַּחֲו֖וֹתH6346Noun - masculine plural constructwestעֵ֣בֶרH5676Noun - masculine singular constructof the Euphratesהַנָּהָ֑רH5104Article | Noun - masculine singularso thatאֲשֶׁר֙H834Pronoun - relativethey will grant me safe passageיַעֲבִיר֔וּנִיH5674Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine plural | first person common singularuntilעַ֥דH5704Preposition-אֲשֶׁר־H834Pronoun - relativeI reachאָב֖וֹאH935Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singular. . .אֶל־H413PrepositionJudahיְהוּדָֽה׃H3063Noun - proper - masculine singular

BSB notes

  • Hebrew beyond the River; also in verse 9
Verse 8

Original words

And may I have a letterוְאִגֶּ֡רֶתH107Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singulartoאֶל־H413PrepositionAsaphאָסָף֩H623Noun - proper - masculine singularkeeperשֹׁמֵ֨רH8104Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularof the king’sאֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relative. . .לַמֶּ֗לֶךְH4428Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singularforestהַפַּרְדֵּ֜סH6508Article | Noun - masculine singularso thatאֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relativehe will giveיִתֶּן־H5414Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singularmeלִ֣יPreposition | first person common singulartimberעֵצִ֡יםH6086Noun - masculine pluralto make beamsלְ֠קָרוֹתH7136Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive constructforאֶת־H853Direct object markerthe gatesשַׁעֲרֵ֨יH8179Noun - masculine plural constructof the citadelהַבִּירָ֤הH1002Article | Noun - feminine singular-אֲשֶׁר־H834Pronoun - relativeto the templeלַבַּ֙יִת֙H1004Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singularfor the cityהָעִ֔ירH5892Article | Noun - feminine singularwallוּלְחוֹמַ֣תH2346Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Noun - feminine singular constructand for the houseוְלַבַּ֖יִתH1004Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular-אֲשֶׁר־H834Pronoun - relativeI will occupyאָב֣וֹאH935Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singular. . .אֵלָ֑יוH413Preposition | third person masculine singularAnd because the graciousהַטּוֹבָ֥הH2896Article | Adjective - feminine singularhandכְּיַד־H3027Preposition-k | Noun - feminine singular constructof my Godאֱלֹהַ֖יH430Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singularwas upon meעָלָֽי׃H5921Preposition | first person common singularthe kingהַמֶּ֔לֶךְH4428Article | Noun - masculine singulargrantedוַיִּתֶּן־H5414Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularmy requestsלִ֣יPreposition | first person common singular
Verse 9

Original words

Then I wentוָֽאָב֗וֹאH935Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singulartoאֶֽל־H413Prepositionthe governorsפַּֽחֲווֹת֙H6346Noun - masculine plural constructwestעֵ֣בֶרH5676Noun - masculine singular constructof the Euphratesהַנָּהָ֔רH5104Article | Noun - masculine singularand gaveוָאֶתְּנָ֣הH5414Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singularthemלָהֶ֔םPreposition | third person masculine plural-אֵ֖תH853Direct object markerthe king’sהַמֶּ֑לֶךְH4428Article | Noun - masculine singularlettersאִגְּר֣וֹתH107Noun - feminine plural constructThe kingהַמֶּ֔לֶךְH4428Article | Noun - masculine singularhad also sentוַיִּשְׁלַ֤חH7971Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singulararmyחַ֖יִלH2428Noun - masculine singularofficersשָׂ֥רֵיH8269Noun - masculine plural constructand cavalryוּפָרָשִֽׁים׃פH6571Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine pluralwith meעִמִּי֙H5973Preposition | first person common singular
Verse 10

Original words

But when Sanballatסַנְבַלַּ֣טH5571Noun - proper - masculine singularthe Horoniteהַחֹרֹנִ֗יH2772Article | Noun - proper - masculine singularand Tobiahוְטֽוֹבִיָּה֙H2900Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singularthe Ammoniteהָֽעַמֹּנִ֔יH5984Article | Noun - proper - masculine singularofficialהָעֶ֣בֶדH5650Article | Noun - masculine singularheard about thisוַיִּשְׁמַ֞עH8085Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularthey were deeplyגְדֹלָ֑הH1419Adjective - feminine singulardisturbedוַיֵּ֥רַעH7489Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .לָהֶ֖םPreposition-l | Pronoun - third person masculine plural. . .רָעָ֣הH7451Adjective - feminine singularthatאֲשֶׁר־H834Pronoun - relativesomeoneאָדָ֔םH120Noun - masculine singularhad comeבָּ֥אH935Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularto seekלְבַקֵּ֥שׁH1245Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive constructthe well-beingטוֹבָ֖הH2896Noun - feminine singularvvvלִבְנֵ֥יH1121Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural constructof the Israelitesיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃H3478Noun - proper - masculine singular

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