Focused Passage

Nehemiah 2:1-10

Nehemiah Receives Royal Favor, Surveys Jerusalem, and Calls the People to Rise and Build

God answers Nehemiah's prayer by granting royal favor, bringing him safely to Jerusalem, leading him to inspect the ruins, and enabling him to call the people to rebuild despite opposition.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1 Now in the month of Nisan, in the twentieth year of King Artaxerxes, when wine was set before him, I took the wine and gave it to the king. I had never been sad in his presence,

2 so the king said to me, “Why is your face sad, though you are not ill? This could only be sadness of the heart.” I was overwhelmed with fear

3 and replied to the king, “May the king live forever! Why should I not be sad when the city where my fathers are buried lies in ruins, and its gates have been destroyed by fire?”

4 “What is your request?” replied the king. So I prayed to the God of heaven

5 and answered the king, “If it pleases the king, and if your servant has found favor in your sight, I ask that you send me to Judah, to the city where my fathers are buried, so that I may rebuild it.”

6 Then the king, with the queen seated beside him, asked me, “How long will your journey take, and when will you return?” So it pleased the king to send me, and I set a time.

7 I also said to him, “If it pleases the king, may letters be given to me for the governors west of the Euphrates, so that they will grant me safe passage until I reach Judah.

8 And may I have a letter to Asaph, keeper of the king’s forest, so that he will give me timber to make beams for the gates of the citadel to the temple, for the city wall, and for the house I will occupy.” And because the gracious hand of my God was upon me, the king granted my requests.

9 Then I went to the governors west of the Euphrates and gave them the king’s letters. The king had also sent army officers and cavalry with me.

10 But when Sanballat the Horonite and Tobiah the Ammonite official heard about this, they were deeply disturbed that someone had come to seek the well-being of the Israelites.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Original words

Now וַיְהִ֣י׀ H1961 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular in the month בְּחֹ֣דֶשׁ H2320 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct of Nisan נִיסָ֗ן H5212 Noun - proper - feminine singular in the twentieth עֶשְׂרִ֛ים H6242 Number - common plural year שְׁנַ֥ת H8141 Noun - feminine singular construct of King הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ H4428 Article | Noun - masculine singular Artaxerxes לְאַרְתַּחְשַׁ֥סְתְּא H783 Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular when wine יַ֣יִן H3196 Noun - masculine singular was set before him לְפָנָ֑יו H6440 Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct | third person masculine singular I took וָאֶשָּׂ֤א H5375 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker the wine הַיַּ֙יִן֙ H3196 Article | Noun - masculine singular and gave וָאֶתְּנָ֣ה H5414 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singular it to the king לַמֶּ֔לֶךְ H4428 Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular I had never וְלֹא־ H3808 Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle been הָיִ֥יתִי H1961 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular sad רַ֖ע H7451 Adjective - masculine singular in his presence לְפָנָֽיו׃ H6440 Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct | third person masculine singular

BSB notes

  • Nisan is the first month of the Hebrew lunar calendar, usually occurring within the months of March and April.
Verse 2

Original words

so the king הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ H4428 Article | Noun - masculine singular said וַיֹּאמֶר֩ H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular to me לִ֨י Preposition | first person common singular Why [is] מַדּ֣וּעַ׀ H4069 Interrogative your face פָּנֶ֣יךָ H6440 Noun - common plural construct | second person masculine singular sad רָעִ֗ים H7451 Adjective - masculine plural though you [are] וְאַתָּה֙ H859 Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - second person masculine singular not אֵֽינְךָ֣ H369 Adverb | second person masculine singular ill חוֹלֶ֔ה H2470 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular This זֶ֔ה H2088 Pronoun - masculine singular could only be אֵ֣ין H369 Adverb . . . כִּי־ H3588 Conjunction . . . אִ֖ם H518 Conjunction sadness רֹ֣עַֽ H7455 Noun - masculine singular construct of the heart לֵ֑ב H3820 Noun - masculine singular I was overwhelmed with fear וָאִירָ֖א H3372 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular . . . הַרְבֵּ֥ה H7235 Verb - Hifil - Infinitive absolute . . . מְאֹֽד׃ H3966 Adverb
Verse 3

Original words

and replied וָאֹמַ֣ר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular to the king לַמֶּ֔לֶךְ H4428 Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular May the king הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ H4428 Article | Noun - masculine singular live forever יִחְיֶ֑ה H2421 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular . . . לְעוֹלָ֣ם H5769 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular Why מַדּ֜וּעַ H4069 Interrogative should I not לֹא־ H3808 Adverb - Negative particle be sad יֵרְע֣וּ H7489 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural . . . פָנַ֗י H6440 Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singular when אֲשֶׁ֨ר H834 Pronoun - relative the city הָעִ֜יר H5892 Article | Noun - feminine singular where בֵּית־ H1004 Noun - masculine singular construct my fathers אֲבֹתַי֙ H1 Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singular are buried קִבְר֤וֹת H6913 Noun - masculine plural construct lies in ruins חֲרֵבָ֔ה H2720 Adjective - feminine singular and its gates וּשְׁעָרֶ֖יהָ H8179 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person feminine singular have been destroyed אֻכְּל֥וּ H398 Verb - QalPass - Perfect - third person common plural by fire בָאֵֽשׁ׃ס H784 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - common singular
Verse 4

Original words

What מַה־ H4100 Interrogative . . . זֶּ֖ה H2088 Pronoun - masculine singular is your אַתָּ֣ה H859 Pronoun - second person masculine singular request מְבַקֵּ֑שׁ H1245 Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine singular replied וַיֹּ֤אמֶר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular - לִי֙ Preposition | first person common singular the king הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ H4428 Article | Noun - masculine singular . . . עַל־ H5921 Preposition So I prayed וָֽאֶתְפַּלֵּ֔ל H6419 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hitpael - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular to אֶל־ H413 Preposition the God אֱלֹהֵ֖י H430 Noun - masculine plural construct of heaven הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃ H8064 Article | Noun - masculine plural
Verse 5

Original words

and answered וָאֹמַ֣ר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular the king לַמֶּ֔לֶךְ H4428 Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular If אִם־ H518 Conjunction עַל־ עַל־ H5921 Preposition it pleases ט֔וֹב H2896 Adjective - masculine singular the king הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ H4428 Article | Noun - masculine singular and if וְאִם־ H518 Conjunction your servant עַבְדְּךָ֖ H5650 Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular has found favor יִיטַ֥ב H3190 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular in your sight לְפָנֶ֑יךָ H6440 Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct | second person masculine singular I ask that אֲשֶׁ֧ר H834 Pronoun - relative you send me תִּשְׁלָחֵ֣נִי H7971 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular | first person common singular to אֶל־ H413 Preposition Judah יְהוּדָ֗ה H3063 Noun - proper - masculine singular to אֶל־ H413 Preposition the city עִ֛יר H5892 Noun - feminine singular construct where my fathers אֲבֹתַ֖י H1 Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singular are buried קִבְר֥וֹת H6913 Noun - masculine plural construct so that I may rebuild it וְאֶבְנֶֽנָּה׃ H1129 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative if contextual - first person common singular | third person feminine singular
Verse 6

Original words

Then the king הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ H4428 Article | Noun - masculine singular with the queen וְהַשֵּׁגַ֣ל׀ H7694 Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - feminine singular seated יוֹשֶׁ֣בֶת H3427 Verb - Qal - Participle - feminine singular beside him אֶצְל֗וֹ H681 Preposition | third person masculine singular asked וַיֹּאמֶר֩ H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular me לִ֨י Preposition | first person common singular How long עַד־ H5704 Preposition . . . מָתַ֛י H4970 Interrogative will your journey מַֽהֲלָכֲךָ֖ H4109 Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular take יִהְיֶ֥ה H1961 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular and when וּמָתַ֣י H4970 Conjunctive waw | Interrogative will you return תָּשׁ֑וּב H7725 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular So it pleased וַיִּיטַ֤ב H3190 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular . . . לִפְנֵֽי־ H6440 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural construct the king הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ H4428 Article | Noun - masculine singular to send me וַיִּשְׁלָחֵ֔נִי H7971 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | first person common singular and I set וָֽאֶתְּנָ֥ה H5414 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singular a time זְמָֽן׃ H2165 Noun - masculine singular
Verse 7

Original words

I also said וָאוֹמַר֮ H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular to [him] לַמֶּלֶךְ֒ H4428 Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular If אִם־ H518 Conjunction עַל־ עַל־ H5921 Preposition it pleases ט֔וֹב H2896 Adjective - masculine singular the king הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ H4428 Article | Noun - masculine singular may letters אִגְּרוֹת֙ H107 Noun - feminine plural be given יִתְּנוּ־ H5414 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural to me לִ֔י Preposition | first person common singular for עַֽל־ H5921 Preposition the governors פַּחֲו֖וֹת H6346 Noun - masculine plural construct west עֵ֣בֶר H5676 Noun - masculine singular construct of the Euphrates הַנָּהָ֑ר H5104 Article | Noun - masculine singular so that אֲשֶׁר֙ H834 Pronoun - relative they will grant me safe passage יַעֲבִיר֔וּנִי H5674 Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine plural | first person common singular until עַ֥ד H5704 Preposition - אֲשֶׁר־ H834 Pronoun - relative I reach אָב֖וֹא H935 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singular . . . אֶל־ H413 Preposition Judah יְהוּדָֽה׃ H3063 Noun - proper - masculine singular

BSB notes

  • Hebrew beyond the River; also in verse 9
Verse 8

Original words

And may I have a letter וְאִגֶּ֡רֶת H107 Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular to אֶל־ H413 Preposition Asaph אָסָף֩ H623 Noun - proper - masculine singular keeper שֹׁמֵ֨ר H8104 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular of the king’s אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834 Pronoun - relative . . . לַמֶּ֗לֶךְ H4428 Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular forest הַפַּרְדֵּ֜ס H6508 Article | Noun - masculine singular so that אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834 Pronoun - relative he will give יִתֶּן־ H5414 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular me לִ֣י Preposition | first person common singular timber עֵצִ֡ים H6086 Noun - masculine plural to make beams לְ֠קָרוֹת H7136 Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct for אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker the gates שַׁעֲרֵ֨י H8179 Noun - masculine plural construct of the citadel הַבִּירָ֤ה H1002 Article | Noun - feminine singular - אֲשֶׁר־ H834 Pronoun - relative to the temple לַבַּ֙יִת֙ H1004 Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular for the city הָעִ֔יר H5892 Article | Noun - feminine singular wall וּלְחוֹמַ֣ת H2346 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Noun - feminine singular construct and for the house וְלַבַּ֖יִת H1004 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular - אֲשֶׁר־ H834 Pronoun - relative I will occupy אָב֣וֹא H935 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singular . . . אֵלָ֑יו H413 Preposition | third person masculine singular And because the gracious הַטּוֹבָ֥ה H2896 Article | Adjective - feminine singular hand כְּיַד־ H3027 Preposition-k | Noun - feminine singular construct of my God אֱלֹהַ֖י H430 Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singular was upon me עָלָֽי׃ H5921 Preposition | first person common singular the king הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ H4428 Article | Noun - masculine singular granted וַיִּתֶּן־ H5414 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular my requests לִ֣י Preposition | first person common singular
Verse 9

Original words

Then I went וָֽאָב֗וֹא H935 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular to אֶֽל־ H413 Preposition the governors פַּֽחֲווֹת֙ H6346 Noun - masculine plural construct west עֵ֣בֶר H5676 Noun - masculine singular construct of the Euphrates הַנָּהָ֔ר H5104 Article | Noun - masculine singular and gave וָאֶתְּנָ֣ה H5414 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singular them לָהֶ֔ם Preposition | third person masculine plural - אֵ֖ת H853 Direct object marker the king’s הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ H4428 Article | Noun - masculine singular letters אִגְּר֣וֹת H107 Noun - feminine plural construct The king הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ H4428 Article | Noun - masculine singular had also sent וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח H7971 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular army חַ֖יִל H2428 Noun - masculine singular officers שָׂ֥רֵי H8269 Noun - masculine plural construct and cavalry וּפָרָשִֽׁים׃פ H6571 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural with me עִמִּי֙ H5973 Preposition | first person common singular
Verse 10

Original words

But when Sanballat סַנְבַלַּ֣ט H5571 Noun - proper - masculine singular the Horonite הַחֹרֹנִ֗י H2772 Article | Noun - proper - masculine singular and Tobiah וְטֽוֹבִיָּה֙ H2900 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular the Ammonite הָֽעַמֹּנִ֔י H5984 Article | Noun - proper - masculine singular official הָעֶ֣בֶד H5650 Article | Noun - masculine singular heard about this וַיִּשְׁמַ֞ע H8085 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular they were deeply גְדֹלָ֑ה H1419 Adjective - feminine singular disturbed וַיֵּ֥רַע H7489 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular . . . לָהֶ֖ם Preposition-l | Pronoun - third person masculine plural . . . רָעָ֣ה H7451 Adjective - feminine singular that אֲשֶׁר־ H834 Pronoun - relative someone אָדָ֔ם H120 Noun - masculine singular had come בָּ֥א H935 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular to seek לְבַקֵּ֥שׁ H1245 Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct the well-being טוֹבָ֖ה H2896 Noun - feminine singular vvv לִבְנֵ֥י H1121 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural construct of the Israelites יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.