Focused Passage

Exodus 32:7-14

The Golden Calf: Covenant Rebellion, Intercession, Judgment, and Mercy

The chapter moves from Israel’s demand for a visible god, to Aaron’s making of the golden calf, to idolatrous worship and revelry, to the LORD’s declaration of Israel’s corruption, to Moses’ intercession, to Moses’ descent and shattering of the tablets, to judgment in the camp, to Moses’ second intercession, and finally to the LORD’s warning that sin will be punished even as Israel continues forward.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

7Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go down at once, for your people, whom you brought up out of the land of Egypt, have corrupted themselves.

8How quickly they have turned aside from the way that I commanded them! They have made for themselves a molten calf and have bowed down to it. They have sacrificed to it and said, ‘These, O Israel, are your gods, who brought you up out of the land of Egypt.’”

9The LORD also said to Moses, “I have seen this people, and they are indeed a stiff-necked people.

10Now leave Me alone, so that My anger may burn against them and consume them. Then I will make you into a great nation.”

11But Moses sought the favor of the LORD his God, saying, “O LORD, why does Your anger burn against Your people, whom You brought out of the land of Egypt with great power and a mighty hand?

12Why should the Egyptians declare, ‘He brought them out with evil intent, to kill them in the mountains and wipe them from the face of the earth’? Turn from Your fierce anger and relent from doing harm to Your people.

13Remember Your servants Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, to whom You swore by Your very self when You declared, ‘I will make your descendants as numerous as the stars in the sky, and I will give your descendants all this land that I have promised, and it shall be their inheritance forever.’”

14So the LORD relented from the calamity He had threatened to bring on His people.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 7

Original words

Then the LORDיְהוָ֖הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularsaidוַיְדַבֵּ֥רH1696Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singulartoאֶל־H413PrepositionMosesמֹשֶׁ֑הH4872Noun - proper - masculine singularGo down at onceלֶךְ־H1980Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular. . .רֵ֕דH3381Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singularforכִּ֚יH3588Conjunctionyour peopleעַמְּךָ֔H5971Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singularwhomאֲשֶׁ֥רH834Pronoun - relativeyou brought upהֶעֱלֵ֖יתָH5927Verb - Hifil - Perfect - second person masculine singularout of the landמֵאֶ֥רֶץH776Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singular constructof Egyptמִצְרָֽיִם׃H4714Noun - proper - feminine singularhave corrupted themselvesשִׁחֵ֣תH7843Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Verse 8

Original words

How quickly they haveמַהֵ֗רH4118Adverbturned asideסָ֣רוּH5493Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralfromמִן־H4480Prepositionthe wayהַדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙H1870Article | Noun - common singularthatאֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relativeI commanded themצִוִּיתִ֔םH6680Verb - Piel - Perfect - first person common singular | third person masculine pluralThey have madeעָשׂ֣וּH6213Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralfor themselvesלָהֶ֔םPreposition | third person masculine plurala moltenמַסֵּכָ֑הH4541Noun - feminine singularcalfעֵ֖גֶלH5695Noun - masculine singularand have bowed downוַיִּשְׁתַּֽחֲווּ־H7812Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hitpael - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralto itלוֹ֙Preposition | third person masculine singularThey have sacrificedוַיִּזְבְּחוּ־H2076Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralto itל֔וֹPreposition | third person masculine singularand saidוַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralTheseאֵ֤לֶּהH428Pronoun - common pluralO Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singularare your godsאֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙H430Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singularwhoאֲשֶׁ֥רH834Pronoun - relativebrought you upהֶֽעֱל֖וּךָH5927Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person common plural | second person masculine singularout of the landמֵאֶ֥רֶץH776Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singular constructof Egyptמִצְרָֽיִם׃H4714Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 9

Original words

The LORDיְהוָ֖הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularalso saidוַיֹּ֥אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singulartoאֶל־H413PrepositionMosesמֹשֶׁ֑הH4872Noun - proper - masculine singularI have seenרָאִ֙יתִי֙H7200Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthisהַזֶּ֔הH2088Article | Pronoun - masculine singularpeopleהָעָ֣םH5971Article | Noun - masculine singularand theyהֽוּא׃H1931Pronoun - third person masculine singularare indeedוְהִנֵּ֥הH2009Conjunctive waw | Interjectiona stiff-neckedקְשֵׁה־H7186Adjective - masculine singular construct. . .עֹ֖רֶףH6203Noun - masculine singularpeopleעַם־H5971Noun - masculine singular
Verse 10

Original words

Nowוְעַתָּה֙H6258Conjunctive waw | Adverbleave Meלִּ֔יPreposition | first person common singularaloneהַנִּ֣יחָהH5117Verb - Hifil - Imperative - masculine singular | third person feminine singularso that My angerאַפִּ֥יH639Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singularmay burnוְיִֽחַר־H2734Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Jussive - third person masculine singularagainst themבָהֶ֖םPreposition | third person masculine pluraland consume themוַאֲכַלֵּ֑םH3615Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative if contextual - first person common singular | third person masculine pluralThen I will makeוְאֶֽעֱשֶׂ֥הH6213Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - first person common singularyouאוֹתְךָ֖H853Direct object marker | second person masculine singularinto a greatגָּדֽוֹל׃H1419Adjective - masculine singularnationלְג֥וֹיH1471Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 11

Original words

But Mosesמֹשֶׁ֔הH4872Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markersought the favorוַיְחַ֣לH2470Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .פְּנֵ֖יH6440Noun - common plural constructof the LORDיְהוָ֣הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularhis Godאֱלֹהָ֑יוH430Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singularsayingוַיֹּ֗אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularO LORDיְהוָה֙H3068Noun - proper - masculine singularwhyלָמָ֤הH4100Interrogativedoes Your angerאַפְּךָ֙H639Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singularburnיֶחֱרֶ֤הH2734Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singularagainst Your peopleבְּעַמֶּ֔ךָH5971Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singularwhomאֲשֶׁ֤רH834Pronoun - relativeYou broughtהוֹצֵ֙אתָ֙H3318Verb - Hifil - Perfect - second person masculine singularout of the landמֵאֶ֣רֶץH776Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singular constructof Egyptמִצְרַ֔יִםH4714Noun - proper - feminine singularwith greatגָּד֖וֹלH1419Adjective - masculine singularpowerבְּכֹ֥חַH3581Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singularand a mightyחֲזָקָֽה׃H2389Adjective - feminine singularhandוּבְיָ֥דH3027Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular
Verse 12

Original words

Whyלָמָּה֩H4100Interrogativeshould the Egyptians declareיֹאמְר֨וּH559Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural. . .מִצְרַ֜יִםH4713Noun - proper - feminine singular. . .לֵאמֹ֗רH559Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructHe brought them outהֽוֹצִיאָם֙H3318Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine pluralwith evil intentבְּרָעָ֤הH7451Preposition-b | Adjective - feminine singularto killלַהֲרֹ֤גH2026Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructthemאֹתָם֙H853Direct object marker | third person masculine pluralin the mountainsבֶּֽהָרִ֔יםH2022Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine pluraland wipe themוּ֨לְכַלֹּתָ֔םH3615Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct | third person masculine pluralfromמֵעַ֖לH5921Preposition-mthe faceפְּנֵ֣יH6440Noun - common plural constructof the earthהָֽאֲדָמָ֑הH127Article | Noun - feminine singularTurnשׁ֚וּבH7725Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singularfrom Your fierceמֵחֲר֣וֹןH2740Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular constructangerאַפֶּ֔ךָH639Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singularand relentוְהִנָּחֵ֥םH5162Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Imperative - masculine singularfrom {doing}עַל־H5921Prepositionharmהָרָעָ֖הH7451Article | Adjective - feminine singularto Your peopleלְעַמֶּֽךָ׃H5971Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular
Verse 13

Original words

Rememberזְכֹ֡רH2142Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singularYour servantsעֲבָדֶ֗יךָH5650Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singularAbrahamלְאַבְרָהָם֩H85Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singularIsaacלְיִצְחָ֨קH3327Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singularand Israelוּלְיִשְׂרָאֵ֜לH3478Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singulartoלָהֶם֮Preposition | third person masculine pluralwhomאֲשֶׁ֨רH834Pronoun - relativeYou sworeנִשְׁבַּ֣עְתָּH7650Verb - Nifal - Perfect - second person masculine singularby Your very selfבָּךְ֒Preposition | second person masculine singularwhen You declaredוַתְּדַבֵּ֣רH1696Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - second person masculine singular. . .אֲלֵהֶ֔םH413Preposition | third person masculine plural{I will make} your descendantsזַרְעֲכֶ֔םH2233Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine pluralas numerousאַרְבֶּה֙H7235Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - first person common singular-אֶֽת־H853Direct object markeras the starsכְּכוֹכְבֵ֖יH3556Preposition-k | Noun - masculine plural constructin the skyהַשָּׁמָ֑יִםH8064Article | Noun - masculine pluraland I will giveאֶתֵּן֙H5414Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singularyour descendantsלְזַרְעֲכֶ֔םH2233Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine pluralallוְכָל־H3605Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular constructthisהַזֹּ֜אתH2063Article | Pronoun - feminine singularlandהָאָ֨רֶץH776Article | Noun - feminine singularthatאֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relativeI have promisedאָמַ֗רְתִּיH559Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singularand it shall be their inheritanceוְנָחֲל֖וּH5157Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common pluralforeverלְעֹלָֽם׃H5769Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 14

Original words

So the LORDיְהוָ֑הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularrelentedוַיִּנָּ֖חֶםH5162Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularfromעַל־H5921Prepositionthe calamityהָ֣רָעָ֔הH7451Article | Adjective - feminine singular-אֲשֶׁ֥רH834Pronoun - relativeHe had threatenedדִּבֶּ֖רH1696Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singularto bringלַעֲשׂ֥וֹתH6213Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructon His peopleלְעַמּֽוֹ׃פH5971Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.