Focused Passage

Isaiah 36:1-10

Assyria’s Threat and the Test of Trust

Isaiah 36 moves from Sennacherib’s invasion of Judah, to Rabshakeh’s confrontation at Jerusalem’s water source, to his public challenge against Hezekiah’s confidence, to his theological distortion of the LORD’s will, to his promise of false peace under Assyrian exile, and finally to the silent obedience of Hezekiah’s officials as they return with torn clothes.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1In the fourteenth year of Hezekiah’s reign, Sennacherib king of Assyria attacked and captured all the fortified cities of Judah.

2And the king of Assyria sent the Rabshakeh, with a great army, from Lachish to King Hezekiah at Jerusalem. And he stopped by the aqueduct of the upper pool, on the road to the Launderer’s Field.

3Then Eliakim son of Hilkiah the palace administrator, Shebna the scribe, and Joah son of Asaph the recorder, went out to him.

4The Rabshakeh said to them, “Tell Hezekiah that this is what the great king, the king of Assyria, says: What is the basis of this confidence of yours?

5You claim to have a strategy and strength for war, but these are empty words. In whom are you now trusting, that you have rebelled against me?

6Look now, you are trusting in Egypt, that splintered reed of a staff that will pierce the hand of anyone who leans on it. Such is Pharaoh king of Egypt to all who trust in him.

7But if you say to me, ‘We trust in the LORD our God,’ is He not the One whose high places and altars Hezekiah has removed, saying to Judah and Jerusalem, ‘You must worship before this altar’?

8Now, therefore, make a bargain with my master, the king of Assyria. I will give you two thousand horses—if you can put riders on them!

9For how can you repel a single officer among the least of my master’s servants when you depend on Egypt for chariots and horsemen?

10So now, was it apart from the LORD that I have come up against this land to destroy it? The LORD Himself said to me, ‘Go up against this land and destroy it.’”

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Original words

-וַיְהִ֡יH1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularIn the fourteenthבְּאַרְבַּע֩H702Preposition-b | Number - feminine singular. . .עֶשְׂרֵ֨הH6240Number - feminine singularyearשָׁנָ֜הH8141Noun - feminine singularof Hezekiah’sחִזְקִיָּ֗הוּH2396Noun - proper - masculine singularreignלַמֶּ֣לֶךְH4428Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singularSennacheribסַנְחֵרִ֤יבH5576Noun - proper - masculine singularkingמֶֽלֶךְ־H4428Noun - masculine singular constructof Assyriaאַשּׁוּר֙H804Noun - proper - feminine singular. . .עַ֣לH5921Prepositionattackedעָלָ֞הH5927Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularand capturedוַֽיִּתְפְּשֵֽׂם׃H8610Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine pluralallכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructthe fortifiedהַבְּצֻר֖וֹתH1219Article | Adjective - feminine pluralcitiesעָרֵ֧יH5892Noun - feminine plural constructof Judahיְהוּדָ֛הH3063Noun - proper - masculine singular
Verse 2

Original words

And the kingמֶֽלֶךְ־H4428Noun - masculine singular constructof Assyriaאַשּׁ֣וּר׀H804Noun - proper - feminine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markersentוַיִּשְׁלַ֣חH7971Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularvvvרַב־H7262Noun - masculine singular[the] Rabshakehשָׁקֵ֨הH7262Noun - masculine singularwith a greatכָּבֵ֑דH3515Adjective - masculine singulararmyבְּחֵ֣ילH2428Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular constructfrom Lachishמִלָּכִ֧ישׁH3923Preposition-m | Noun - proper - feminine singulartoאֶל־H413PrepositionKingהַמֶּ֥לֶךְH4428Article | Noun - masculine singularHezekiahחִזְקִיָּ֖הוּH2396Noun - proper - masculine singularat Jerusalemיְרוּשָׁלְַ֛מָהH3389Noun - proper - feminine singular | third person feminine singularAnd he stoppedוַֽיַּעֲמֹ֗דH5975Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularby the aqueductבִּתְעָלַת֙H8585Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular constructof the upperהָעֶלְיוֹנָ֔הH5945Article | Adjective - feminine singularpoolהַבְּרֵכָ֣הH1295Article | Noun - feminine singularon the roadבִּמְסִלַּ֖תH4546Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular constructto the Launderer’sכוֹבֵֽס׃H3526Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularFieldשְׂדֵ֥הH7704Noun - masculine singular construct

BSB notes

  • Hebrew Rabshakeh is the title of a high-ranking Assyrian military officer; here and throughout chapters 36 and 37, as well as 2 Kings 18 and 19
Verse 3

Original words

Then Eliakimאֶלְיָקִ֥יםH471Noun - proper - masculine singularsonבֶּן־H1121Noun - masculine singular constructof Hilkiahחִלְקִיָּ֖הוּH2518Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relativethe palaceהַבָּ֑יִתH1004Article | Noun - masculine singularadministratorעַל־H5921PrepositionShebnaוְשֶׁבְנָא֙H7644Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singularthe scribeהַסֹּפֵ֔רH5608Article | Noun - masculine singularand Joahוְיוֹאָ֥חH3098Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singularsonבֶּן־H1121Noun - masculine singular constructof Asaphאָסָ֖ףH623Noun - proper - masculine singularthe recorderהַמַּזְכִּֽיר׃H2142Article | Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine singularwent outוַיֵּצֵ֥אH3318Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularto himאֵלָ֛יוH413Preposition | third person masculine singular
Verse 4

Original words

vvvרַב־H7262Noun - masculine singularThe Rabshakehשָׁקֵ֔הH7262Noun - masculine singularsaidוַיֹּ֤אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularto themאֲלֵיהֶם֙H413Preposition | third person masculine pluralTellאִמְרוּ־H559Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural. . .נָ֖אH4994Interjection. . .אֶל־H413PrepositionHezekiahחִזְקִיָּ֑הוּH2396Noun - proper - masculine singularthat this is whatכֹּֽה־H3541Adverbthe greatהַגָּדוֹל֙H1419Article | Adjective - masculine singularkingהַמֶּ֤לֶךְH4428Article | Noun - masculine singularthe kingמֶ֣לֶךְH4428Noun - masculine singular constructof Assyriaאַשּׁ֔וּרH804Noun - proper - feminine singularsaysאָמַ֞רH559Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularWhatמָ֧הH4100Interrogativeis the basisבָּטָֽחְתָּ׃H982Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singular[of] thisהַזֶּ֖הH2088Article | Pronoun - masculine singularconfidenceהַבִּטָּח֛וֹןH986Article | Noun - masculine singularof yoursאֲשֶׁ֥רH834Pronoun - relative
Verse 5

Original words

You claim [to have]אָמַ֙רְתִּי֙H559Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singulara strategyעֵצָ֥הH6098Noun - feminine singularand strengthוּגְבוּרָ֖הH1369Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singularfor warלַמִּלְחָמָ֑הH4421Preposition-l, Article | Noun - feminine singularbutאַךְ־H389Adverb[these are] emptyדְּבַר־H1697Noun - masculine singular constructwordsשְׂפָתַ֔יִםH8193Noun - fdInעַל־H5921Prepositionwhomמִ֣יH4310Interrogativeare you nowעַתָּה֙H6258Adverbtrustingבָטַ֔חְתָּH982Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singularthatכִּ֥יH3588Conjunctionyou have rebelledמָרַ֖דְתָּH4775Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singularagainst meבִּֽי׃Preposition | first person common singular

BSB notes

  • Literally You speak; see DSS and 2 Kings 18:20; MT I speak.
Verse 6

Original words

Look nowהִנֵּ֣הH2009Interjectionyou are trustingבָטַ֡חְתָּH982Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singularinעַל־H5921Prepositionעַל־עַל־H5921PrepositionEgyptמִצְרַ֔יִםH4714Noun - proper - feminine singularthatהַזֶּה֙H2088Article | Pronoun - masculine singularsplinteredהָרָצ֤וּץH7533Article | Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine singularreedהַקָּנֶ֨הH7070Article | Noun - masculine singularof a staffמִשְׁעֶנֶת֩H4938Noun - feminine singular constructthatאֲשֶׁ֨רH834Pronoun - relativevvvוּבָ֥אH935Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singularwill pierceוּנְקָבָ֑הּH5344Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular | third person feminine singularthe handבְכַפּ֖וֹH3709Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singularof anyoneאִישׁ֙H376Noun - masculine singularwho leansיִסָּמֵ֥ךְH5564Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singularon itעָלָ֔יוH5921Preposition | third person masculine singularSuch isכֵּ֚ןH3651AdverbPharaohפַּרְעֹ֣הH6547Noun - proper - masculine singularkingמֶֽלֶךְ־H4428Noun - masculine singular constructof Egyptמִצְרַ֔יִםH4714Noun - proper - feminine singularto allלְכָֽל־H3605Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular constructwho trustהַבֹּטְחִ֖יםH982Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralin himעָלָֽיו׃H5921Preposition | third person masculine singular
Verse 7

Original words

But ifוְכִי־H3588Conjunctionyou sayתֹאמַ֣רH559Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singularto meאֵלַ֔יH413Preposition | first person common singularWe trustבָּטָ֑חְנוּH982Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common pluralinאֶל־H413Prepositionthe LORDיְהוָ֥הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularour Godאֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּH430Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common pluralis Heה֗וּאH1931Pronoun - third person masculine singularnotהֲלוֹא־H3808Adverb - Negative particlethe Oneאֲשֶׁ֨רH834Pronoun - relativewhose high placesבָּמֹתָ֣יוH1116Noun - feminine plural construct | third person masculine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerand altarsמִזְבְּחֹתָ֔יוH4196Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singularHezekiahחִזְקִיָּ֙הוּ֙H2396Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerhas removedהֵסִ֤ירH5493Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singularsayingוַיֹּ֤אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularto Judahלִֽיהוּדָה֙H3063Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singularand Jerusalemוְלִיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔םH3389Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Noun - proper - feminine singularYou must worshipתִּֽשְׁתַּחֲוֽוּ׃H7812Verb - Hitpael - Imperfect - second person masculine pluralbeforeלִפְנֵ֛יH6440Preposition-l | Noun - common plural constructthisהַזֶּ֖הH2088Article | Pronoun - masculine singularaltarהַמִּזְבֵּ֥חַH4196Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 8

Original words

Now, thereforeוְעַתָּה֙H6258Conjunctive waw | Adverbmake a bargainהִתְעָ֣רֶבH6148Verb - Hitpael - Imperative - masculine singular. . .נָ֔אH4994Interjectionwithאֶת־H854Prepositionmy masterאֲדֹנִ֖יH113Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singularthe kingהַמֶּ֣לֶךְH4428Article | Noun - masculine singular constructof Assyriaאַשּׁ֑וּרH804Noun - proper - feminine singularI will giveוְאֶתְּנָ֤הH5414Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative - first person common singularyouלְךָ֙Preposition | second person masculine singulartwo thousandאַלְפַּ֣יִםH505Number - mdhorsesסוּסִ֔יםH5483Noun - masculine pluralifאִם־H518Conjunctionyou canתּוּכַ֕לH3201Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singularputלָ֥תֶתH5414Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructridersרֹכְבִ֥יםH7392Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralon themעֲלֵיהֶֽם׃H5921Preposition | third person masculine plural
Verse 9

Original words

For howוְאֵ֣יךְH349Conjunctive waw | Interjectioncan you repelתָּשִׁ֗יבH7725Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - second person masculine singular-אֵ֠תH853Direct object marker-פְּנֵ֨יH6440Noun - common plural constructa singleאַחַ֛דH259Number - masculine singular constructofficerפַחַ֥תH6346Noun - masculine singular constructamong the leastהַקְטַנִּ֑יםH6996Article | Adjective - masculine pluralof my master’sאֲדֹנִ֖יH113Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singularservantsעַבְדֵ֥יH5650Noun - masculine plural constructwhen you dependוַתִּבְטַ֤חH982Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - second person masculine singular. . .לְךָ֙Preposition | second person masculine singularonעַל־H5921PrepositionEgyptמִצְרַ֔יִםH4714Noun - proper - feminine singularfor chariotsלְרֶ֖כֶבH7393Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singularand horsemenוּלְפָרָשִֽׁים׃H6571Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural
Verse 10

Original words

So nowוְעַתָּה֙H6258Conjunctive waw | Adverbwas it apart fromהֲמִבַּלְעֲדֵ֣יH1107Preposition | Prepositionthe LORDיְהוָ֔הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularthat I have come upעָלִ֛יתִיH5927Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singularagainstעַל־H5921Prepositionthisהַזֹּ֖אתH2063Article | Pronoun - feminine singularlandהָאָ֥רֶץH776Article | Noun - feminine singularto destroy itלְהַשְׁחִיתָ֑הּH7843Preposition-l | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct | third person feminine singularThe LORD Himselfיְהוָה֙H3068Noun - proper - masculine singularsaidאָמַ֣רH559Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularto meאֵלַ֔יH413Preposition | first person common singularGo upעֲלֵ֛הH5927Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singularagainstאֶל־H413Prepositionthisהַזֹּ֖אתH2063Article | Pronoun - feminine singularlandהָאָ֥רֶץH776Article | Noun - feminine singularand destroy itוְהַשְׁחִיתָֽהּ׃H7843Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Imperative - masculine singular | third person feminine singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.