Focused Passage

Isaiah 36:1-10

Assyria’s Threat and the Test of Trust

Isaiah 36 moves from Sennacherib’s invasion of Judah, to Rabshakeh’s confrontation at Jerusalem’s water source, to his public challenge against Hezekiah’s confidence, to his theological distortion of the LORD’s will, to his promise of false peace under Assyrian exile, and finally to the silent obedience of Hezekiah’s officials as they return with torn clothes.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1 In the fourteenth year of Hezekiah’s reign, Sennacherib king of Assyria attacked and captured all the fortified cities of Judah.

2 And the king of Assyria sent the Rabshakeh, with a great army, from Lachish to King Hezekiah at Jerusalem. And he stopped by the aqueduct of the upper pool, on the road to the Launderer’s Field.

3 Then Eliakim son of Hilkiah the palace administrator, Shebna the scribe, and Joah son of Asaph the recorder, went out to him.

4 The Rabshakeh said to them, “Tell Hezekiah that this is what the great king, the king of Assyria, says: What is the basis of this confidence of yours?

5 You claim to have a strategy and strength for war, but these are empty words. In whom are you now trusting, that you have rebelled against me?

6 Look now, you are trusting in Egypt, that splintered reed of a staff that will pierce the hand of anyone who leans on it. Such is Pharaoh king of Egypt to all who trust in him.

7 But if you say to me, ‘We trust in the LORD our God,’ is He not the One whose high places and altars Hezekiah has removed, saying to Judah and Jerusalem, ‘You must worship before this altar’?

8 Now, therefore, make a bargain with my master, the king of Assyria. I will give you two thousand horses—if you can put riders on them!

9 For how can you repel a single officer among the least of my master’s servants when you depend on Egypt for chariots and horsemen?

10 So now, was it apart from the LORD that I have come up against this land to destroy it? The LORD Himself said to me, ‘Go up against this land and destroy it.’”

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Original words

- וַיְהִ֡י H1961 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular In the fourteenth בְּאַרְבַּע֩ H702 Preposition-b | Number - feminine singular . . . עֶשְׂרֵ֨ה H6240 Number - feminine singular year שָׁנָ֜ה H8141 Noun - feminine singular of Hezekiah’s חִזְקִיָּ֗הוּ H2396 Noun - proper - masculine singular reign לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ H4428 Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular Sennacherib סַנְחֵרִ֤יב H5576 Noun - proper - masculine singular king מֶֽלֶךְ־ H4428 Noun - masculine singular construct of Assyria אַשּׁוּר֙ H804 Noun - proper - feminine singular . . . עַ֣ל H5921 Preposition attacked עָלָ֞ה H5927 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular and captured וַֽיִּתְפְּשֵֽׂם׃ H8610 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine plural all כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct the fortified הַבְּצֻר֖וֹת H1219 Article | Adjective - feminine plural cities עָרֵ֧י H5892 Noun - feminine plural construct of Judah יְהוּדָ֛ה H3063 Noun - proper - masculine singular
Verse 2

Original words

And the king מֶֽלֶךְ־ H4428 Noun - masculine singular construct of Assyria אַשּׁ֣וּר׀ H804 Noun - proper - feminine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker sent וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח H7971 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular vvv רַב־ H7262 Noun - masculine singular [the] Rabshakeh שָׁקֵ֨ה H7262 Noun - masculine singular with a great כָּבֵ֑ד H3515 Adjective - masculine singular army בְּחֵ֣יל H2428 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct from Lachish מִלָּכִ֧ישׁ H3923 Preposition-m | Noun - proper - feminine singular to אֶל־ H413 Preposition King הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ H4428 Article | Noun - masculine singular Hezekiah חִזְקִיָּ֖הוּ H2396 Noun - proper - masculine singular at Jerusalem יְרוּשָׁלְַ֛מָה H3389 Noun - proper - feminine singular | third person feminine singular And he stopped וַֽיַּעֲמֹ֗ד H5975 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular by the aqueduct בִּתְעָלַת֙ H8585 Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct of the upper הָעֶלְיוֹנָ֔ה H5945 Article | Adjective - feminine singular pool הַבְּרֵכָ֣ה H1295 Article | Noun - feminine singular on the road בִּמְסִלַּ֖ת H4546 Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct to the Launderer’s כוֹבֵֽס׃ H3526 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular Field שְׂדֵ֥ה H7704 Noun - masculine singular construct

BSB notes

  • Hebrew Rabshakeh is the title of a high-ranking Assyrian military officer; here and throughout chapters 36 and 37, as well as 2 Kings 18 and 19
Verse 3

Original words

Then Eliakim אֶלְיָקִ֥ים H471 Noun - proper - masculine singular son בֶּן־ H1121 Noun - masculine singular construct of Hilkiah חִלְקִיָּ֖הוּ H2518 Noun - proper - masculine singular - אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834 Pronoun - relative the palace הַבָּ֑יִת H1004 Article | Noun - masculine singular administrator עַל־ H5921 Preposition Shebna וְשֶׁבְנָא֙ H7644 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular the scribe הַסֹּפֵ֔ר H5608 Article | Noun - masculine singular and Joah וְיוֹאָ֥ח H3098 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular son בֶּן־ H1121 Noun - masculine singular construct of Asaph אָסָ֖ף H623 Noun - proper - masculine singular the recorder הַמַּזְכִּֽיר׃ H2142 Article | Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine singular went out וַיֵּצֵ֥א H3318 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular to him אֵלָ֛יו H413 Preposition | third person masculine singular
Verse 4

Original words

vvv רַב־ H7262 Noun - masculine singular The Rabshakeh שָׁקֵ֔ה H7262 Noun - masculine singular said וַיֹּ֤אמֶר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular to them אֲלֵיהֶם֙ H413 Preposition | third person masculine plural Tell אִמְרוּ־ H559 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural . . . נָ֖א H4994 Interjection . . . אֶל־ H413 Preposition Hezekiah חִזְקִיָּ֑הוּ H2396 Noun - proper - masculine singular that this is what כֹּֽה־ H3541 Adverb the great הַגָּדוֹל֙ H1419 Article | Adjective - masculine singular king הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ H4428 Article | Noun - masculine singular the king מֶ֣לֶךְ H4428 Noun - masculine singular construct of Assyria אַשּׁ֔וּר H804 Noun - proper - feminine singular says אָמַ֞ר H559 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular What מָ֧ה H4100 Interrogative is the basis בָּטָֽחְתָּ׃ H982 Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singular [of] this הַזֶּ֖ה H2088 Article | Pronoun - masculine singular confidence הַבִּטָּח֛וֹן H986 Article | Noun - masculine singular of yours אֲשֶׁ֥ר H834 Pronoun - relative
Verse 5

Original words

You claim [to have] אָמַ֙רְתִּי֙ H559 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular a strategy עֵצָ֥ה H6098 Noun - feminine singular and strength וּגְבוּרָ֖ה H1369 Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular for war לַמִּלְחָמָ֑ה H4421 Preposition-l, Article | Noun - feminine singular but אַךְ־ H389 Adverb [these are] empty דְּבַר־ H1697 Noun - masculine singular construct words שְׂפָתַ֔יִם H8193 Noun - fd In עַל־ H5921 Preposition whom מִ֣י H4310 Interrogative are you now עַתָּה֙ H6258 Adverb trusting בָטַ֔חְתָּ H982 Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singular that כִּ֥י H3588 Conjunction you have rebelled מָרַ֖דְתָּ H4775 Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singular against me בִּֽי׃ Preposition | first person common singular

BSB notes

  • Literally You speak; see DSS and 2 Kings 18:20; MT I speak.
Verse 6

Original words

Look now הִנֵּ֣ה H2009 Interjection you are trusting בָטַ֡חְתָּ H982 Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singular in עַל־ H5921 Preposition עַל־ עַל־ H5921 Preposition Egypt מִצְרַ֔יִם H4714 Noun - proper - feminine singular that הַזֶּה֙ H2088 Article | Pronoun - masculine singular splintered הָרָצ֤וּץ H7533 Article | Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine singular reed הַקָּנֶ֨ה H7070 Article | Noun - masculine singular of a staff מִשְׁעֶנֶת֩ H4938 Noun - feminine singular construct that אֲשֶׁ֨ר H834 Pronoun - relative vvv וּבָ֥א H935 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular will pierce וּנְקָבָ֑הּ H5344 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular | third person feminine singular the hand בְכַפּ֖וֹ H3709 Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular of anyone אִישׁ֙ H376 Noun - masculine singular who leans יִסָּמֵ֥ךְ H5564 Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular on it עָלָ֔יו H5921 Preposition | third person masculine singular Such is כֵּ֚ן H3651 Adverb Pharaoh פַּרְעֹ֣ה H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular king מֶֽלֶךְ־ H4428 Noun - masculine singular construct of Egypt מִצְרַ֔יִם H4714 Noun - proper - feminine singular to all לְכָֽל־ H3605 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct who trust הַבֹּטְחִ֖ים H982 Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural in him עָלָֽיו׃ H5921 Preposition | third person masculine singular
Verse 7

Original words

But if וְכִי־ H3588 Conjunction you say תֹאמַ֣ר H559 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular to me אֵלַ֔י H413 Preposition | first person common singular We trust בָּטָ֑חְנוּ H982 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common plural in אֶל־ H413 Preposition the LORD יְהוָ֥ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular our God אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ H430 Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common plural is He ה֗וּא H1931 Pronoun - third person masculine singular not הֲלוֹא־ H3808 Adverb - Negative particle the One אֲשֶׁ֨ר H834 Pronoun - relative whose high places בָּמֹתָ֣יו H1116 Noun - feminine plural construct | third person masculine singular - וְאֶת־ H853 Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker and altars מִזְבְּחֹתָ֔יו H4196 Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular Hezekiah חִזְקִיָּ֙הוּ֙ H2396 Noun - proper - masculine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker has removed הֵסִ֤יר H5493 Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular saying וַיֹּ֤אמֶר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular to Judah לִֽיהוּדָה֙ H3063 Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular and Jerusalem וְלִיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם H3389 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Noun - proper - feminine singular You must worship תִּֽשְׁתַּחֲוֽוּ׃ H7812 Verb - Hitpael - Imperfect - second person masculine plural before לִפְנֵ֛י H6440 Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct this הַזֶּ֖ה H2088 Article | Pronoun - masculine singular altar הַמִּזְבֵּ֥חַ H4196 Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 8

Original words

Now, therefore וְעַתָּה֙ H6258 Conjunctive waw | Adverb make a bargain הִתְעָ֣רֶב H6148 Verb - Hitpael - Imperative - masculine singular . . . נָ֔א H4994 Interjection with אֶת־ H854 Preposition my master אֲדֹנִ֖י H113 Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular the king הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ H4428 Article | Noun - masculine singular construct of Assyria אַשּׁ֑וּר H804 Noun - proper - feminine singular I will give וְאֶתְּנָ֤ה H5414 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative - first person common singular you לְךָ֙ Preposition | second person masculine singular two thousand אַלְפַּ֣יִם H505 Number - md horses סוּסִ֔ים H5483 Noun - masculine plural if אִם־ H518 Conjunction you can תּוּכַ֕ל H3201 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular put לָ֥תֶת H5414 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct riders רֹכְבִ֥ים H7392 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural on them עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃ H5921 Preposition | third person masculine plural
Verse 9

Original words

For how וְאֵ֣יךְ H349 Conjunctive waw | Interjection can you repel תָּשִׁ֗יב H7725 Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - second person masculine singular - אֵ֠ת H853 Direct object marker - פְּנֵ֨י H6440 Noun - common plural construct a single אַחַ֛ד H259 Number - masculine singular construct officer פַחַ֥ת H6346 Noun - masculine singular construct among the least הַקְטַנִּ֑ים H6996 Article | Adjective - masculine plural of my master’s אֲדֹנִ֖י H113 Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular servants עַבְדֵ֥י H5650 Noun - masculine plural construct when you depend וַתִּבְטַ֤ח H982 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - second person masculine singular . . . לְךָ֙ Preposition | second person masculine singular on עַל־ H5921 Preposition Egypt מִצְרַ֔יִם H4714 Noun - proper - feminine singular for chariots לְרֶ֖כֶב H7393 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular and horsemen וּלְפָרָשִֽׁים׃ H6571 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural
Verse 10

Original words

So now וְעַתָּה֙ H6258 Conjunctive waw | Adverb was it apart from הֲמִבַּלְעֲדֵ֣י H1107 Preposition | Preposition the LORD יְהוָ֔ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular that I have come up עָלִ֛יתִי H5927 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular against עַל־ H5921 Preposition this הַזֹּ֖את H2063 Article | Pronoun - feminine singular land הָאָ֥רֶץ H776 Article | Noun - feminine singular to destroy it לְהַשְׁחִיתָ֑הּ H7843 Preposition-l | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct | third person feminine singular The LORD Himself יְהוָה֙ H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular said אָמַ֣ר H559 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular to me אֵלַ֔י H413 Preposition | first person common singular Go up עֲלֵ֛ה H5927 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular against אֶל־ H413 Preposition this הַזֹּ֖את H2063 Article | Pronoun - feminine singular land הָאָ֥רֶץ H776 Article | Noun - feminine singular and destroy it וְהַשְׁחִיתָֽהּ׃ H7843 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Imperative - masculine singular | third person feminine singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.