Focused Passage

Jeremiah 2:20-28

The LORD Charges Judah with Forsaking the Fountain of Living Water

The chapter moves from remembered covenant devotion to shocking covenant betrayal, from the LORD's unmatched faithfulness to Judah's irrational exchange, and from exposed idolatry to the futility of self-defense before God.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

20 “For long ago you broke your yoke and tore off your chains, saying, ‘I will not serve!’ Indeed, on every high hill and under every green tree you lay down as a prostitute.

21 I had planted you like a choice vine from the very best seed. How could you turn yourself before Me into a rotten, wild vine?

22 Although you wash with lye and use an abundance of soap, the stain of your guilt is still before Me,” declares the Lord GOD.

23 “How can you say, ‘I am not defiled; I have not run after the Baals’? Look at your behavior in the valley; acknowledge what you have done. You are a swift young she-camel galloping here and there,

24 a wild donkey at home in the wilderness, sniffing the wind in the heat of her desire. Who can restrain her passion? All who seek her need not weary themselves; in mating season they will find her.

25 You should have kept your feet from going bare and your throat from being thirsty. But you said, ‘It is hopeless! For I love foreign gods, and I must go after them.’

26 As the thief is ashamed when he is caught, so the house of Israel is disgraced. They, their kings, their officials, their priests, and their prophets

27 say to a tree, ‘You are my father,’ and to a stone, ‘You gave me birth.’ They have turned their backs to Me and not their faces. Yet in the time of trouble, they say, ‘Rise up and save us!’

28 But where are the gods you made for yourselves? Let them rise up in your time of trouble and save you if they can; for your gods are as numerous as your cities, O Judah.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 20

Original words

For כִּ֣י H3588 Conjunction long ago מֵעוֹלָ֞ם H5769 Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular you broke שָׁבַ֣רְתִּי H7665 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular your yoke עֻלֵּ֗ךְ H5923 Noun - masculine singular construct | second person feminine singular and tore off נִתַּ֙קְתִּי֙ H5423 Verb - Piel - Perfect - first person common singular your chains מוֹסְרֹתַ֔יִךְ H4147 Noun - masculine plural construct | second person feminine singular saying וַתֹּאמְרִ֖י H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - second person feminine singular I will not לֹ֣א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle serve אֶעֱבֹד H5647 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singular Indeed כִּ֣י H3588 Conjunction on עַֽל־ H5921 Preposition every כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct high גְּבֹהָ֗ה H1364 Adjective - feminine singular hill גִּבְעָ֞ה H1389 Noun - feminine singular and under וְתַ֙חַת֙ H8478 Conjunctive waw | Preposition every כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct green רַעֲנָ֔ן H7488 Adjective - masculine singular tree עֵ֣ץ H6086 Noun - masculine singular you אַ֖תְּ H859 Pronoun - second person feminine singular lay down צֹעָ֥ה H6808 Verb - Qal - Participle - feminine singular as a prostitute זֹנָֽה׃ H2181 Noun - feminine singular
Verse 21

Original words

I וְאָֽנֹכִי֙ H595 Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - first person common singular had planted you נְטַעְתִּ֣יךְ H5193 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular | second person feminine singular like a choice כֻּלֹּ֖ה H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular vine שֹׂרֵ֔ק H8321 Noun - masculine singular construct from the very best אֱמֶ֑ת H571 Noun - feminine singular seed זֶ֣רַע H2233 Noun - masculine singular construct How וְאֵיךְ֙ H349 Conjunctive waw | Interjection could you turn yourself נֶהְפַּ֣כְתְּ H2015 Verb - Nifal - Perfect - second person feminine singular before Me לִ֔י Preposition | first person common singular into a rotten סוּרֵ֖י H5494 Adjective - masculine plural construct wild נָכְרִיָּֽה׃ H5237 Adjective - feminine singular vine הַגֶּ֥פֶן H1612 Article | Noun - common singular
Verse 22

Original words

Although כִּ֤י H3588 Conjunction . . . אִם־ H518 Conjunction you wash תְּכַבְּסִי֙ H3526 Verb - Piel - Imperfect - second person feminine singular with lye בַּנֶּ֔תֶר H5427 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular and use an abundance וְתַרְבִּי־ H7235 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive imperfect - second person feminine singular of soap בֹּרִ֑ית H1287 Noun - feminine singular the stain נִכְתָּ֤ם H3799 Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine singular of your guilt עֲוֺנֵךְ֙ H5771 Noun - common singular construct | second person feminine singular is still before Me לְפָנַ֔י H6440 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singular declares נְאֻ֖ם H5002 Noun - masculine singular construct the Lord אֲדֹנָ֥י H136 Noun - proper - masculine singular GOD יְהוִֽה׃ H3069 Noun - proper - masculine singular
Verse 23

Original words

How אֵ֣יךְ H349 Interjection can you say תֹּאמְרִ֞י H559 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person feminine singular I am not לֹ֣א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle defiled נִטְמֵ֗אתִי H2930 Verb - Nifal - Perfect - first person common singular I have not לֹ֣א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle run הָלַ֔כְתִּי H1980 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular after אַחֲרֵ֤י H310 Preposition the Baals הַבְּעָלִים֙ H1168 Article | Noun - masculine plural Look רְאִ֤י H7200 Verb - Qal - Imperative - feminine singular at your behavior דַרְכֵּךְ֙ H1870 Noun - common singular construct | second person feminine singular in the valley בַּגַּ֔יְא H1516 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - common singular acknowledge דְּעִ֖י H3045 Verb - Qal - Imperative - feminine singular what מֶ֣ה H4100 Interrogative you have done עָשִׂ֑ית H6213 Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person feminine singular You are a swift קַלָּ֖ה H7031 Adjective - feminine singular young she-camel בִּכְרָ֥ה H1072 Noun - feminine singular galloping here and there מְשָׂרֶ֥כֶת H8308 Verb - Piel - Participle - feminine singular . . . דְּרָכֶֽיהָ׃ H1870 Noun - common plural construct | third person feminine singular
Verse 24

Original words

a wild donkey פֶּ֣רֶה׀ H6501 Noun - masculine singular at home in לִמֻּ֣ד H3928 Adjective - masculine singular construct the wilderness מִדְבָּ֗ר H4057 Noun - masculine singular sniffing שָׁאֲפָ֣ה H7602 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular the wind ר֔וּחַ H7307 Noun - common singular in the heat תַּאֲנָתָ֖הּ H8385 Noun - feminine singular construct | third person feminine singular of her נַפְשׁוֹ H5315 Noun - feminine singular construct | third person feminine singular desire בְּאַוַּ֤ת H185 Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct Who מִ֣י H4310 Interrogative can restrain her passion יְשִׁיבֶ֑נָּה H7725 Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person feminine singular All כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct who seek her מְבַקְשֶׁ֙יהָ֙ H1245 Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine plural construct | third person feminine singular need not לֹ֣א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle weary themselves יִיעָ֔פוּ H3286 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural in mating season בְּחָדְשָׁ֖הּ H2320 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person feminine singular they will find her יִמְצָאֽוּנְהָ׃ H4672 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural | third person feminine singular, Paragogic nun
Verse 25

Original words

You should have kept מִנְעִ֤י H4513 Verb - Qal - Imperative - feminine singular your feet רַגְלֵךְ֙ H7272 Noun - feminine singular construct | second person feminine singular from going bare מִיָּחֵ֔ף H3182 Preposition-m | Adjective - masculine singular and your throat וְגוֹרְנֵךְ H1637 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct | second person feminine singular from being thirsty מִצִּמְאָ֑ה H6773 Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singular But you said וַתֹּאמְרִ֣י H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - second person feminine singular It is hopeless נוֹאָ֔שׁ H2976 Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine singular . . . ל֕וֹא H3808 Adverb - Negative particle For כִּֽי־ H3588 Conjunction I love אָהַ֥בְתִּי H157 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular foreign [gods] זָרִ֖ים H2114 Adjective - masculine plural and I must go after וְאַחֲרֵיהֶ֥ם H310 Conjunctive waw | Preposition | third person masculine plural them אֵלֵֽךְ׃ H1980 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singular
Verse 26

Original words

As the thief גַּנָּב֙ H1590 Noun - masculine singular is ashamed כְּבֹ֤שֶׁת H1322 Preposition-k | Noun - feminine singular construct when כִּ֣י H3588 Conjunction he is caught יִמָּצֵ֔א H4672 Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular so כֵּ֥ן H3651 Adverb the house בֵּ֣ית H1004 Noun - masculine singular construct of Israel יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular is disgraced הֹבִ֖ישׁוּ H954 Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person common plural They הֵ֤מָּה H1992 Pronoun - third person masculine plural their kings מַלְכֵיהֶם֙ H4428 Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural their officials שָֽׂרֵיהֶ֔ם H8269 Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural their priests וְכֹהֲנֵיהֶ֖ם H3548 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural and their prophets וּנְבִיאֵיהֶֽם׃ H5030 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural
Verse 27

Original words

say אֹמְרִ֨ים H559 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural to a tree לָעֵ֜ץ H6086 Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular You אַ֗תָּה H859 Pronoun - second person masculine singular are my father אָ֣בִי H1 Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular and to a stone וְלָאֶ֙בֶן֙ H68 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l, Article | Noun - feminine singular You אַ֣תְּ H859 Pronoun - second person feminine singular gave me birth יְלִדְתִּנִי H3205 Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person feminine singular | first person common plural - כִּֽי־ H3588 Conjunction They have turned פָנ֥וּ H6437 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural their backs עֹ֖רֶף H6203 Noun - masculine singular to Me אֵלַ֛י H413 Preposition | first person common singular and not וְלֹ֣א H3808 Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle their faces פָנִ֑ים H6440 Noun - masculine plural Yet in the time וּבְעֵ֤ת H6256 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - common singular construct of trouble רָֽעָתָם֙ H7451 Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine plural they say יֹֽאמְר֔וּ H559 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural Rise up ק֖וּמָה H6965 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular | third person feminine singular and save us וְהוֹשִׁיעֵֽנוּ׃ H3467 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Imperative - masculine singular | first person common plural
Verse 28

Original words

But where וְאַיֵּ֤ה H346 Conjunctive waw | Interrogative are the gods אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ H430 Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singular - אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834 Pronoun - relative you made עָשִׂ֣יתָ H6213 Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singular for yourselves לָּ֔ךְ Preposition | second person feminine singular Let them rise up יָק֕וּמוּ H6965 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural in your time בְּעֵ֣ת H6256 Preposition-b | Noun - common singular construct of trouble רָעָתֶ֑ךָ H7451 Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine singular and save you יוֹשִׁיע֖וּךָ H3467 Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine plural | second person masculine singular if they can אִם־ H518 Conjunction for כִּ֚י H3588 Conjunction your gods אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ H430 Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singular are הָי֥וּ H1961 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural as numerous מִסְפַּ֣ר H4557 Noun - masculine singular construct as your cities עָרֶ֔יךָ H5892 Noun - feminine plural construct | second person masculine singular O Judah יְהוּדָֽה׃ס H3063 Noun - proper - masculine singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.