Focused Passage

Nehemiah 5:1-13

Nehemiah Confronts Internal Injustice and Models Fear-of-God Leadership

The cry of the poor exposes internal oppression, Nehemiah confronts nobles and officials, the people pledge restitution, and Nehemiah models self-denying leadership grounded in the fear of God.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1About that time there was a great outcry from the people and their wives against their fellow Jews.

2Some were saying, “We and our sons and daughters are numerous. We must get grain in order to eat and stay alive.”

3Others were saying, “We are mortgaging our fields, our vineyards, and our homes to get grain during the famine.”

4Still others were saying, “We have borrowed money to pay the king’s tax on our fields and vineyards.

5We and our children are just like our countrymen and their children, yet we are subjecting our sons and daughters to slavery. Some of our daughters are already enslaved, but we are powerless to redeem them because our fields and vineyards belong to others.”

6When I heard their outcry and these complaints, I became extremely angry,

7and after serious thought I rebuked the nobles and officials, saying, “You are exacting usury from your own brothers!” So I called a large assembly against them

8and said, “We have done our best to buy back our Jewish brothers who were sold to foreigners, but now you are selling your own brothers, that they may be sold back to us!” But they remained silent, for they could find nothing to say.

9So I continued, “What you are doing is not right. Shouldn’t you walk in the fear of our God to avoid the reproach of our foreign enemies?

10I, as well as my brothers and my servants, have been lending the people money and grain. Please, let us stop this usury.

11Please restore to them immediately their fields, vineyards, olive groves, and houses, along with the percentage of the money, grain, new wine, and oil that you have been assessing them.”

12“We will restore it,” they replied, “and will require nothing more from them. We will do as you say.” So I summoned the priests and required of the nobles and officials an oath that they would do what they had promised.

13I also shook out the folds of my robe and said, “May God likewise shake out of his house and possessions every man who does not keep this promise. May such a man be shaken out and have nothing!” The whole assembly said, “Amen,” and they praised the LORD. And the people did as they had promised.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Original words

About that time there wasוַתְּהִ֨יH1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singulara greatגְּדוֹלָ֑הH1419Adjective - feminine singularoutcryצַעֲקַ֥תH6818Noun - feminine singular constructfrom the peopleהָעָ֛םH5971Article | Noun - masculine singularand their wivesוּנְשֵׁיהֶ֖םH802Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine plural construct | third person masculine pluralagainstאֶל־H413Prepositiontheir fellowאֲחֵיהֶ֖םH251Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine pluralJewsהַיְּהוּדִֽים׃H3064Article | Noun - proper - masculine plural
Verse 2

Original words

-וְיֵשׁ֙H3426Conjunctive waw | AdverbSomeאֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relativewere sayingאֹמְרִ֔יםH559Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralWeאֲנַ֣חְנוּH587Pronoun - first person common plural[and] our sonsבָּנֵ֥ינוּH1121Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common pluraland daughtersוּבְנֹתֵ֖ינוּH1323Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine plural construct | first person common pluralare numerousרַבִּ֑יםH7227Adjective - masculine pluralWe must getוְנִקְחָ֥הH3947Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative - first person common pluralgrainדָגָ֖ןH1715Noun - masculine singularin order to eatוְנֹאכְלָ֥הH398Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative - first person common pluraland stay aliveוְנִחְיֶֽה׃H2421Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative if contextual - first person common plural
Verse 3

Original words

-וְיֵשׁ֙H3426Conjunctive waw | AdverbOthersאֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relativewere sayingאֹמְרִ֔יםH559Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralWeאֲנַ֣חְנוּH587Pronoun - first person common pluralare mortgagingעֹרְבִ֑יםH6148Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralour fieldsשְׂדֹתֵ֛ינוּH7704Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common pluralour vineyardsוּכְרָמֵ֥ינוּH3754Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common pluraland our homesוּבָתֵּ֖ינוּH1004Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common pluralto getוְנִקְחָ֥הH3947Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative - first person common pluralgrainדָגָ֖ןH1715Noun - masculine singularduring the famineבָּרָעָֽב׃H7458Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 4

Original words

-וְיֵשׁ֙H3426Conjunctive waw | AdverbStill othersאֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relativewere sayingאֹמְרִ֔יםH559Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralWe have borrowedלָוִ֥ינוּH3867Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common pluralmoney [to pay]כֶ֖סֶףH3701Noun - masculine singularthe king’sהַמֶּ֑לֶךְH4428Article | Noun - masculine singulartaxלְמִדַּ֣תH4060Preposition-l | Noun - feminine singular construct[on] our fieldsשְׂדֹתֵ֖ינוּH7704Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common pluraland vineyardsוּכְרָמֵֽינוּ׃H3754Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common plural
Verse 5

Original words

-וְעַתָּ֗הH6258Conjunctive waw | Adverb-כִּבְשַׂ֤רH1320Preposition-k | Noun - masculine singular constructWe and our childrenכִּבְנֵיהֶ֖םH1121Preposition-k | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine pluralare just like our countrymenאַחֵ֙ינוּ֙H251Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common plural. . .בְּשָׂרֵ֔נוּH1320Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common pluraland their childrenבָּנֵ֑ינוּH1121Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common plural. . .וְהִנֵּ֣הH2009Conjunctive waw | Interjectionyet weאֲנַ֣חְנוּH587Pronoun - first person common pluralare subjectingכֹ֠בְשִׁיםH3533Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markerour sonsבָּנֵ֨ינוּH1121Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common plural-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerand daughtersבְּנֹתֵ֜ינוּH1323Noun - feminine plural construct | first person common pluralto slaveryלַעֲבָדִ֗יםH5650Preposition-l | Noun - masculine pluralSome ofוְיֵ֨שׁH3426Conjunctive waw | Adverbour daughtersמִבְּנֹתֵ֤ינוּH1323Preposition-m | Noun - feminine plural construct | first person common pluralare already enslavedנִכְבָּשׁוֹת֙H3533Verb - Nifal - Participle - feminine pluralbut we are powerless [to redeem them]וְאֵ֣יןH369Conjunctive waw | Adverb. . .לְאֵ֣לH410Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct. . .יָדֵ֔נוּH3027Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common pluralbecause our fieldsוּשְׂדֹתֵ֥ינוּH7704Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common pluraland vineyardsוּכְרָמֵ֖ינוּH3754Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common pluralbelong to othersלַאֲחֵרִֽים׃H312Preposition-l | Adjective - masculine plural
Verse 6

Original words

Whenכַּאֲשֶׁ֤רH834Preposition-k | Pronoun - relativeI heardשָׁמַ֙עְתִּי֙H8085Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markertheir outcryזַֽעֲקָתָ֔םH2201Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine plural-וְאֵ֖תH853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerand theseהָאֵֽלֶּה׃H428Article | Pronoun - common pluralcomplaintsהַדְּבָרִ֥יםH1697Article | Noun - masculine pluralI became extremelyמְאֹ֑דH3966Adverbangryוַיִּ֥חַרH2734Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Verse 7

Original words

and after seriousלִבִּ֜יH3820Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singularthoughtוַיִּמָּלֵ֨ךְH4427Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularעָלַ֗יעָלַ֗יH5921Preposition | first person common singularI rebukedוָאָרִ֙יבָה֙H7378Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singular-אֶת־H854Direct object markerthe noblesהַחֹרִ֣יםH2715Article | Noun - masculine plural. . .וְאֶת־H854Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerand officialsהַסְּגָנִ֔יםH5461Article | Noun - masculine pluralsayingוָאֹמְרָ֣הH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singularvvvאִישׁ־H376Noun - masculine singularYouאַתֶּ֣םH859Pronoun - second person masculine pluralare exactingנֹשִׁ֑איםH5378Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralusuryמַשָּׁ֥אH4855Noun - masculine singularfrom your own brothersבְּאָחִ֖יוH251Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularSo I calledוָאֶתֵּ֥ןH5414Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singulara largeגְדוֹלָֽה׃H1419Adjective - feminine singularassemblyקְהִלָּ֥הH6952Noun - feminine singularagainst themעֲלֵיהֶ֖םH5921Preposition | third person masculine plural
Verse 8

Original words

and saidוָאֹמְרָ֣הH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singularWeאֲנַ֣חְנוּH587Pronoun - first person common pluralhave done our bestכְּדֵ֣יH1767Preposition-k | Noun - masculine singular construct-וְגַם־H1571Conjunctionto buy backקָ֠נִינוּH7069Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markerour Jewishהַיְּהוּדִ֜יםH3064Article | Noun - proper - masculine pluralbrothersאַחֵ֨ינוּH251Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common pluralwho were soldהַנִּמְכָּרִ֤יםH4376Article | Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine pluralto foreignersלַגּוֹיִם֙H1471Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine pluralbut now youאַתֶּ֛םH859Pronoun - second person masculine pluralare sellingתִּמְכְּר֥וּH4376Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markeryour own brothersאֲחֵיכֶ֖םH251Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine pluralthat they may be sold backוְנִמְכְּרוּ־H4376Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common pluralto usלָ֑נוּPreposition | first person common pluralBut they remained silentוַֽיַּחֲרִ֔ישׁוּH2790Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralfor they could findמָצְא֖וּH4672Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralnothingוְלֹ֥אH3808Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particleto sayדָּבָֽר׃סH1697Noun - masculine singular
Verse 9

Original words

So I continuedוַיֹּאמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singularWhatאֲשֶׁר־H834Pronoun - relativeyouאַתֶּ֣םH859Pronoun - second person masculine pluralare doingעֹשִׂ֑יםH6213Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralis notלֹא־H3808Adverb - Negative particlerightט֥וֹבH2896Adjective - masculine singular. . .הַדָּבָ֖רH1697Article | Noun - masculine singularShouldn’tהֲל֞וֹאH3808Adverb - Negative particleyou walkתֵּלֵ֔כוּH1980Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine pluralin the fearבְּיִרְאַ֤תH3374Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular constructof our Godאֱלֹהֵ֙ינוּ֙H430Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common pluralto avoid the reproachמֵחֶרְפַּ֖תH2781Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singular constructof our foreignהַגּוֹיִ֥םH1471Article | Noun - masculine pluralenemiesאוֹיְבֵֽינוּ׃H341Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | first person common plural
Verse 10

Original words

Iאֲנִי֙H589Pronoun - first person common singularas well asוְגַם־H1571Conjunctionmy brothersאַחַ֣יH251Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singularand my servantsוּנְעָרַ֔יH5288Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singularhave been lendingנֹשִׁ֥יםH5383Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural[the people]בָּהֶ֖םPreposition | third person masculine pluralmoneyכֶּ֣סֶףH3701Noun - masculine singularand grainוְדָגָ֑ןH1715Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singularPleaseנָּ֖אH4994Interjection-אֶת־H853Direct object markerlet us stopנַֽעַזְבָה־H5800Verb - Qal - Imperfect Cohortative - first person common pluralthisהַזֶּֽה׃H2088Article | Pronoun - masculine singularusuryהַמַּשָּׁ֥אH4855Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 11

Original words

Pleaseנָ֨אH4994Interjectionrestoreהָשִׁיבוּ֩H7725Verb - Hifil - Imperative - masculine pluralto themלָהֶ֜םPreposition | third person masculine pluralimmediatelyכְּהַיּ֗וֹםH3117Preposition-k, Article | Noun - masculine singulartheir fieldsשְׂדֹתֵיהֶ֛םH7704Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine pluralvineyardsכַּרְמֵיהֶ֥םH3754Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine pluralolive grovesזֵיתֵיהֶ֖םH2132Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine pluraland housesוּבָתֵּיהֶ֑םH1004Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine pluralalong with the percentageוּמְאַ֨תH3967Conjunctive waw | Number - feminine singular constructof the moneyהַכֶּ֤סֶףH3701Article | Noun - masculine singulargrainוְהַדָּגָן֙H1715Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - masculine singularnew wineהַתִּיר֣וֹשׁH8492Article | Noun - masculine singularand oilוְהַיִּצְהָ֔רH3323Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - masculine singularthatאֲשֶׁ֥רH834Pronoun - relativeyouאַתֶּ֖םH859Pronoun - second person masculine pluralhave been assessingנֹשִׁ֥יםH5383Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralthemבָּהֶֽם׃Preposition | third person masculine plural
Verse 12

Original words

We will restore [it]נָשִׁ֗יבH7725Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - first person common pluralthey repliedוַיֹּאמְר֣וּH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluraland will requireנְבַקֵּ֔שׁH1245Verb - Piel - Imperfect - first person common plural. . .כֵּ֣ןH3651Adverbnothingלֹ֣אH3808Adverb - Negative particlemore from themוּמֵהֶם֙Conjunctive waw | Preposition | third person masculine pluralWe will doנַעֲשֶׂ֔הH6213Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common pluralasכַּאֲשֶׁ֖רH834Preposition-k | Pronoun - relativeyouאַתָּ֣הH859Pronoun - second person masculine singularsayאוֹמֵ֑רH559Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularSo I summonedוָאֶקְרָא֙H7121Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe priestsהַכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔יםH3548Article | Noun - masculine pluraland required [of the nobles and officials] an oath that theyוָֽאַשְׁבִּיעֵ֔םH7650Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person masculine pluralwould doלַעֲשׂ֖וֹתH6213Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructwhat they had promisedכַּדָּבָ֥רH1697Preposition-k, Article | Noun - masculine singular. . .הַזֶּֽה׃H2088Article | Pronoun - masculine singular
Verse 13

Original words

I alsoגַּם־H1571Conjunctionshook outנָעַ֗רְתִּיH5287Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singularthe folds of my robeחָצְנִ֣יH2684Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singularand saidוָֽאֹמְרָ֡הH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singularMay Godהָֽאֱלֹהִ֟יםH430Article | Noun - masculine plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markerlikewiseכָּ֣כָהH3602Adverbshakeיְנַעֵ֪רH5287Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singularout of his houseמִבֵּיתוֹ֙H1004Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularand possessionsוּמִ֣יגִיע֔וֹH3018Conjunctive waw, Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular. . .וְכָ֛כָהH3602Conjunctive waw | Adverbeveryכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructmanהָאִישׁ֩H376Article | Noun - masculine singularwhoאֲשֶׁ֨רH834Pronoun - relativedoes notלֹֽא־H3808Adverb - Negative particlekeepיָקִ֜יםH6965Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthisהַזֶּ֗הH2088Article | Pronoun - masculine singularpromiseהַדָּבָ֣רH1697Article | Noun - masculine singularMay [such a man] beיִהְיֶ֥הH1961Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singularshaken outנָע֖וּרH5287Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine singularand have nothingוָרֵ֑קH7386Conjunctive waw | Adjective - masculine singularThe wholeכָֽל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructassemblyהַקָּהָ֜לH6951Article | Noun - masculine singularsaidוַיֹּאמְר֨וּH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralAmenאָמֵ֗ןH543Adverband they praisedוַֽיְהַלְלוּ֙H1984Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe LORDיְהוָ֔הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularAnd the peopleהָעָ֖םH5971Article | Noun - masculine singulardidוַיַּ֥עַשׂH6213Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularas they had promisedכַּדָּבָ֥רH1697Preposition-k, Article | Noun - masculine singular. . .הַזֶּֽה׃H2088Article | Pronoun - masculine singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.