Focused Passage

Ezra 10:9-17

Covenant Repentance and the Costly Reform of the Community

Ezra’s public grief awakens communal confession, the people covenant to act, leaders organize an investigation, and the chapter ends with named offenders and costly reform under the weight of covenant unfaithfulness.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

9 So within the three days, all the men of Judah and Benjamin assembled in Jerusalem, and on the twentieth day of the ninth month, all the people sat in the square at the house of God, trembling regarding this matter and because of the heavy rain.

10 Then Ezra the priest stood up and said to them, “You have been unfaithful by marrying foreign women, adding to the guilt of Israel.

11 Now, therefore, make a confession to the LORD, the God of your fathers, and do His will. Separate yourselves from the people of the land and from your foreign wives.”

12 And the whole assembly responded in a loud voice: “Truly we must do as you say!

13 But there are many people here, and it is the rainy season. We are not able to stay out in the open. Nor is this the work of one or two days, for we have transgressed greatly in this matter.

14 Let our leaders represent the whole assembly. Then let everyone in our towns who has married a foreign woman come at an appointed time, together with the elders and judges of each town, until the fierce anger of our God in this matter is turned away from us.”

15 (Only Jonathan son of Asahel and Jahzeiah son of Tikvah, supported by Meshullam and Shabbethai the Levite, opposed this plan.)

16 So the exiles did as proposed. Ezra the priest selected men who were family heads, each of them identified by name, to represent their families. On the first day of the tenth month they launched the investigation,

17 and by the first day of the first month they had dealt with all the men who had married foreign women.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 9

Original words

So within the three לִשְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת H7969 Preposition-l | Number - masculine singular construct days הַיָּמִ֗ים H3117 Article | Noun - masculine plural all כָל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct the men אַנְשֵֽׁי־ H582 Noun - masculine plural construct of Judah יְהוּדָה֩ H3063 Noun - proper - feminine singular and Benjamin וּבִנְיָמִ֨ן׀ H1144 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - feminine singular assembled וַיִּקָּבְצ֣וּ H6908 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural in Jerusalem יְרוּשָׁלִַ֜ם H3389 Noun - proper - feminine singular . . . ה֛וּא H1931 Pronoun - third person masculine singular and on the twentieth day בְּעֶשְׂרִ֣ים H6242 Preposition-b | Number - common plural . . . בַּחֹ֑דֶשׁ H2320 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular of the ninth הַתְּשִׁיעִ֖י H8671 Article | Number - ordinal masculine singular month חֹ֥דֶשׁ H2320 Noun - masculine singular all כָל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct the people הָעָ֗ם H5971 Article | Noun - masculine singular sat וַיֵּשְׁב֣וּ H3427 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural in the square בִּרְחוֹב֙ H7339 Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct at the house בֵּ֣ית H1004 Noun - masculine singular construct of God הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים H430 Article | Noun - masculine plural trembling מַרְעִידִ֥ים H7460 Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine plural regarding עַל־ H5921 Preposition this matter הַדָּבָ֖ר H1697 Article | Noun - masculine singular and because of the heavy rain וּמֵהַגְּשָׁמִֽים׃פ H1653 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-m, Article | Noun - masculine plural
Verse 10

Original words

Then Ezra עֶזְרָ֤א H5830 Noun - proper - masculine singular the priest הַכֹּהֵן֙ H3548 Article | Noun - masculine singular stood up וַיָּ֨קָם H6965 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular and said וַיֹּ֣אמֶר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular to them אֲלֵהֶ֔ם H413 Preposition | third person masculine plural You אַתֶּ֣ם H859 Pronoun - second person masculine plural have been unfaithful מְעַלְתֶּ֔ם H4603 Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine plural by marrying וַתֹּשִׁ֖יבוּ H3427 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - second person masculine plural foreign נָכְרִיּ֑וֹת H5237 Adjective - feminine plural women נָשִׁ֣ים H802 Noun - feminine plural adding לְהוֹסִ֖יף H3254 Preposition-l | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct to עַל־ H5921 Preposition the guilt אַשְׁמַ֥ת H819 Noun - feminine singular construct of Israel יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ H3478 Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 11

Original words

Now, therefore וְעַתָּ֗ה H6258 Conjunctive waw | Adverb make תְּנ֥וּ H5414 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural a confession תוֹדָ֛ה H8426 Noun - feminine singular to the LORD לַיהוָ֥ה H3068 Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular the God אֱלֹהֵֽי־ H430 Noun - masculine plural construct of your fathers אֲבֹתֵיכֶ֖ם H1 Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine plural and do וַעֲשׂ֣וּ H6213 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural His will רְצוֹנ֑וֹ H7522 Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular Separate וְהִבָּֽדְלוּ֙ H914 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Imperative - masculine plural yourselves וּמִן־ H4480 Conjunctive waw | Preposition from the people מֵעַמֵּ֣י H5971 Preposition-m | Noun - masculine plural construct of the land הָאָ֔רֶץ H776 Article | Noun - feminine singular and from your foreign הַנָּכְרִיּֽוֹת׃ H5237 Article | Adjective - feminine plural wives הַנָּשִׁ֖ים H802 Article | Noun - feminine plural
Verse 12

Original words

And the whole כָֽל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct assembly הַקָּהָ֛ל H6951 Article | Noun - masculine singular . . . וַיֹּאמְר֖וּ H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural responded וַיַּֽעְנ֧וּ H6030 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural in a loud גָּד֑וֹל H1419 Adjective - masculine singular voice ק֣וֹל H6963 Noun - masculine singular Truly כֵּ֛ן H3651 Adverb we must do לַעֲשֽׂוֹת׃ H6213 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct as you say כְּדִבְרֶיךָ H1697 Preposition-k | Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular . . . עָלֵ֖ינוּ H5921 Preposition | first person common plural
Verse 13

Original words

But אֲבָ֞ל H61 Adverb there are many רָב֙ H7227 Adjective - masculine singular people here הָעָ֥ם H5971 Article | Noun - masculine singular and it is the rainy גְּשָׁמִ֔ים H1653 Noun - masculine plural season וְהָעֵ֣ת H6256 Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - common singular We are not וְאֵ֥ין H369 Conjunctive waw | Adverb able כֹּ֖חַ H3581 Noun - masculine singular to stay לַעֲמ֣וֹד H5975 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct out in the open בַּח֑וּץ H2351 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular Nor [is this] לֹֽא־ H3808 Adverb - Negative particle the work וְהַמְּלָאכָ֗ה H4399 Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - feminine singular of one אֶחָד֙ H259 Number - masculine singular or וְלֹ֣א H3808 Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle two לִשְׁנַ֔יִם H8147 Preposition-l | Number - md days לְי֤וֹם H3117 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular for כִּֽי־ H3588 Conjunction we have transgressed לִפְשֹׁ֖עַ H6586 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct greatly הִרְבִּ֥ינוּ H7235 Verb - Hifil - Perfect - first person common plural in this הַזֶּֽה׃ H2088 Article | Pronoun - masculine singular matter בַּדָּבָ֥ר H1697 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 14

Original words

Let our leaders שָׂ֠רֵינוּ H8269 Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common plural represent יַֽעֲמְדוּ־ H5975 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural . . . נָ֣א H4994 Interjection the whole לְֽכָל־ H3605 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct assembly הַקָּהָ֞ל H6951 Article | Noun - masculine singular Then let everyone וְכֹ֣ל׀ H3605 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular - אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834 Pronoun - relative in our towns בֶּעָרֵ֗ינוּ H5892 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine plural construct | first person common plural who has married הַהֹשִׁ֞יב H3427 Article | Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular a foreign נָכְרִיּוֹת֙ H5237 Adjective - feminine plural woman נָשִׁ֤ים H802 Noun - feminine plural come יָבֹא֙ H935 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular at an appointed מְזֻמָּנִ֔ים H2163 Verb - Pual - Participle - masculine plural time לְעִתִּ֣ים H6256 Preposition-l | Noun - common plural together with וְעִמָּהֶ֛ם H5973 Conjunctive waw | Preposition | third person masculine plural the elders זִקְנֵי־ H2205 Adjective - masculine plural construct and judges וְשֹׁפְטֶ֑יהָ H8199 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | third person feminine singular . . . עַ֠ד H5704 Preposition of each town עִ֥יר H5892 Noun - feminine singular . . . וָעִ֖יר H5892 Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular until the fierce anger חֲר֤וֹן H2740 Noun - masculine singular construct . . . אַף־ H639 Noun - masculine singular construct of our God אֱלֹהֵ֙ינוּ֙ H430 Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common plural - עַ֖ד H5704 Preposition in this הַזֶּֽה׃פ H2088 Article | Pronoun - masculine singular matter לַדָּבָ֥ר H1697 Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular is turned away לְהָשִׁ֞יב H7725 Preposition-l | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct from us מִמֶּ֔נּוּ H4480 Preposition | first person common plural
Verse 15

Original words

Only אַ֣ךְ H389 Adverb Jonathan יוֹנָתָ֧ן H3129 Noun - proper - masculine singular son בֶּן־ H1121 Noun - masculine singular construct of Asahel עֲשָׂהאֵ֛ל H6214 Noun - proper - masculine singular and Jahzeiah וְיַחְזְיָ֥ה H3167 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular son בֶן־ H1121 Noun - masculine singular construct of Tikvah תִּקְוָ֖ה H8616 Noun - proper - masculine singular supported עֲזָרֻֽם׃ H5826 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural | third person masculine plural by Meshullam וּמְשֻׁלָּ֛ם H4918 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular and Shabbethai וְשַׁבְּתַ֥י H7678 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular the Levite הַלֵּוִ֖י H3881 Article | Noun - proper - masculine singular opposed עָמְד֣וּ H5975 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural . . . עַל־ H5921 Preposition this [plan] זֹ֑את H2063 Pronoun - feminine singular
Verse 16

Original words

So the exiles בְּנֵ֣י H1121 Noun - masculine plural construct . . . הַגּוֹלָה֒ H1473 Article | Noun - feminine singular did וַיַּֽעֲשׂוּ־ H6213 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural as proposed כֵן֮ H3651 Adverb Ezra עֶזְרָ֨א H5830 Noun - proper - masculine singular the priest הַכֹּהֵ֜ן H3548 Article | Noun - masculine singular selected וַיִּבָּדְלוּ֩ H914 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural men אֲנָשִׁ֨ים H582 Noun - masculine plural who were family הָאָב֛וֹת H1 Article | Noun - masculine plural heads רָאשֵׁ֧י H7218 Noun - masculine plural construct each of them וְכֻלָּ֣ם H3605 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine plural identified by name בְּשֵׁמ֑וֹת H8034 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine plural . . . וַיֵּשְׁב֗וּ H3427 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural to represent their families אֲבֹתָ֖ם H1 Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural . . . לְבֵ֥ית H1004 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct On the first אֶחָד֙ H259 Number - masculine singular day בְּי֤וֹם H3117 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular of the tenth הָעֲשִׂירִ֔י H6224 Article | Number - ordinal masculine singular month לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ H2320 Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular they launched לְדַרְי֖וֹשׁ H1875 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct the investigation הַדָּבָֽר׃ H1697 Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 17

Original words

and by עַ֛ד H5704 Preposition the first אֶחָ֖ד H259 Number - masculine singular day י֥וֹם H3117 Noun - masculine singular of the first הָרִאשֽׁוֹן׃פ H7223 Article | Adjective - masculine singular month לַחֹ֥דֶשׁ H2320 Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular they had dealt וַיְכַלּ֣וּ H3615 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural with all בַכֹּ֔ל H3605 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular the men אֲנָשִׁ֕ים H582 Noun - masculine plural who had married הַהֹשִׁ֖יבוּ H3427 Article | Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person common plural foreign נָכְרִיּ֑וֹת H5237 Adjective - feminine plural women נָשִׁ֣ים H802 Noun - feminine plural

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.