Focused Passage

Ezra 10:9-17

Covenant Repentance and the Costly Reform of the Community

Ezra’s public grief awakens communal confession, the people covenant to act, leaders organize an investigation, and the chapter ends with named offenders and costly reform under the weight of covenant unfaithfulness.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

9So within the three days, all the men of Judah and Benjamin assembled in Jerusalem, and on the twentieth day of the ninth month, all the people sat in the square at the house of God, trembling regarding this matter and because of the heavy rain.

10Then Ezra the priest stood up and said to them, “You have been unfaithful by marrying foreign women, adding to the guilt of Israel.

11Now, therefore, make a confession to the LORD, the God of your fathers, and do His will. Separate yourselves from the people of the land and from your foreign wives.”

12And the whole assembly responded in a loud voice: “Truly we must do as you say!

13But there are many people here, and it is the rainy season. We are not able to stay out in the open. Nor is this the work of one or two days, for we have transgressed greatly in this matter.

14Let our leaders represent the whole assembly. Then let everyone in our towns who has married a foreign woman come at an appointed time, together with the elders and judges of each town, until the fierce anger of our God in this matter is turned away from us.”

15(Only Jonathan son of Asahel and Jahzeiah son of Tikvah, supported by Meshullam and Shabbethai the Levite, opposed this plan.)

16So the exiles did as proposed. Ezra the priest selected men who were family heads, each of them identified by name, to represent their families. On the first day of the tenth month they launched the investigation,

17and by the first day of the first month they had dealt with all the men who had married foreign women.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 9

Original words

So within the threeלִשְׁלֹ֣שֶׁתH7969Preposition-l | Number - masculine singular constructdaysהַיָּמִ֗יםH3117Article | Noun - masculine pluralallכָל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructthe menאַנְשֵֽׁי־H582Noun - masculine plural constructof Judahיְהוּדָה֩H3063Noun - proper - feminine singularand Benjaminוּבִנְיָמִ֨ן׀H1144Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - feminine singularassembledוַיִּקָּבְצ֣וּH6908Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralin Jerusalemיְרוּשָׁלִַ֜םH3389Noun - proper - feminine singular. . .ה֛וּאH1931Pronoun - third person masculine singularand on the twentieth dayבְּעֶשְׂרִ֣יםH6242Preposition-b | Number - common plural. . .בַּחֹ֑דֶשׁH2320Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singularof the ninthהַתְּשִׁיעִ֖יH8671Article | Number - ordinal masculine singularmonthחֹ֥דֶשׁH2320Noun - masculine singularallכָל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructthe peopleהָעָ֗םH5971Article | Noun - masculine singularsatוַיֵּשְׁב֣וּH3427Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralin the squareבִּרְחוֹב֙H7339Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular constructat the houseבֵּ֣יתH1004Noun - masculine singular constructof Godהָאֱלֹהִ֔יםH430Article | Noun - masculine pluraltremblingמַרְעִידִ֥יםH7460Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine pluralregardingעַל־H5921Prepositionthis matterהַדָּבָ֖רH1697Article | Noun - masculine singularand because of the heavy rainוּמֵהַגְּשָׁמִֽים׃פH1653Conjunctive waw, Preposition-m, Article | Noun - masculine plural
Verse 10

Original words

Then Ezraעֶזְרָ֤אH5830Noun - proper - masculine singularthe priestהַכֹּהֵן֙H3548Article | Noun - masculine singularstood upוַיָּ֨קָםH6965Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularand saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularto themאֲלֵהֶ֔םH413Preposition | third person masculine pluralYouאַתֶּ֣םH859Pronoun - second person masculine pluralhave been unfaithfulמְעַלְתֶּ֔םH4603Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine pluralby marryingוַתֹּשִׁ֖יבוּH3427Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - second person masculine pluralforeignנָכְרִיּ֑וֹתH5237Adjective - feminine pluralwomenנָשִׁ֣יםH802Noun - feminine pluraladdingלְהוֹסִ֖יףH3254Preposition-l | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive constructtoעַל־H5921Prepositionthe guiltאַשְׁמַ֥תH819Noun - feminine singular constructof Israelיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃H3478Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 11

Original words

Now, thereforeוְעַתָּ֗הH6258Conjunctive waw | Adverbmakeתְּנ֥וּH5414Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plurala confessionתוֹדָ֛הH8426Noun - feminine singularto the LORDלַיהוָ֥הH3068Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singularthe Godאֱלֹהֵֽי־H430Noun - masculine plural constructof your fathersאֲבֹתֵיכֶ֖םH1Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine pluraland doוַעֲשׂ֣וּH6213Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine pluralHis willרְצוֹנ֑וֹH7522Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularSeparateוְהִבָּֽדְלוּ֙H914Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Imperative - masculine pluralyourselvesוּמִן־H4480Conjunctive waw | Prepositionfrom the peopleמֵעַמֵּ֣יH5971Preposition-m | Noun - masculine plural constructof the landהָאָ֔רֶץH776Article | Noun - feminine singularand from your foreignהַנָּכְרִיּֽוֹת׃H5237Article | Adjective - feminine pluralwivesהַנָּשִׁ֖יםH802Article | Noun - feminine plural
Verse 12

Original words

And the wholeכָֽל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructassemblyהַקָּהָ֛לH6951Article | Noun - masculine singular. . .וַיֹּאמְר֖וּH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralrespondedוַיַּֽעְנ֧וּH6030Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralin a loudגָּד֑וֹלH1419Adjective - masculine singularvoiceק֣וֹלH6963Noun - masculine singularTrulyכֵּ֛ןH3651Adverbwe must doלַעֲשֽׂוֹת׃H6213Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructas you sayכְּדִבְרֶיךָH1697Preposition-k | Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular. . .עָלֵ֖ינוּH5921Preposition | first person common plural
Verse 13

Original words

Butאֲבָ֞לH61Adverbthere are manyרָב֙H7227Adjective - masculine singularpeople hereהָעָ֥םH5971Article | Noun - masculine singularand it is the rainyגְּשָׁמִ֔יםH1653Noun - masculine pluralseasonוְהָעֵ֣תH6256Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - common singularWe are notוְאֵ֥יןH369Conjunctive waw | Adverbableכֹּ֖חַH3581Noun - masculine singularto stayלַעֲמ֣וֹדH5975Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructout in the openבַּח֑וּץH2351Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singularNor [is this]לֹֽא־H3808Adverb - Negative particlethe workוְהַמְּלָאכָ֗הH4399Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - feminine singularof oneאֶחָד֙H259Number - masculine singularorוְלֹ֣אH3808Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particletwoלִשְׁנַ֔יִםH8147Preposition-l | Number - mddaysלְי֤וֹםH3117Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singularforכִּֽי־H3588Conjunctionwe have transgressedלִפְשֹׁ֖עַH6586Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructgreatlyהִרְבִּ֥ינוּH7235Verb - Hifil - Perfect - first person common pluralin thisהַזֶּֽה׃H2088Article | Pronoun - masculine singularmatterבַּדָּבָ֥רH1697Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 14

Original words

Let our leadersשָׂ֠רֵינוּH8269Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common pluralrepresentיַֽעֲמְדוּ־H5975Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural. . .נָ֣אH4994Interjectionthe wholeלְֽכָל־H3605Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular constructassemblyהַקָּהָ֞לH6951Article | Noun - masculine singularThen let everyoneוְכֹ֣ל׀H3605Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular-אֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relativein our townsבֶּעָרֵ֗ינוּH5892Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine plural construct | first person common pluralwho has marriedהַהֹשִׁ֞יבH3427Article | Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singulara foreignנָכְרִיּוֹת֙H5237Adjective - feminine pluralwomanנָשִׁ֤יםH802Noun - feminine pluralcomeיָבֹא֙H935Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singularat an appointedמְזֻמָּנִ֔יםH2163Verb - Pual - Participle - masculine pluraltimeלְעִתִּ֣יםH6256Preposition-l | Noun - common pluraltogether withוְעִמָּהֶ֛םH5973Conjunctive waw | Preposition | third person masculine pluralthe eldersזִקְנֵי־H2205Adjective - masculine plural constructand judgesוְשֹׁפְטֶ֑יהָH8199Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | third person feminine singular. . .עַ֠דH5704Prepositionof each townעִ֥ירH5892Noun - feminine singular. . .וָעִ֖ירH5892Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singularuntil the fierce angerחֲר֤וֹןH2740Noun - masculine singular construct. . .אַף־H639Noun - masculine singular constructof our Godאֱלֹהֵ֙ינוּ֙H430Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common plural-עַ֖דH5704Prepositionin thisהַזֶּֽה׃פH2088Article | Pronoun - masculine singularmatterלַדָּבָ֥רH1697Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singularis turned awayלְהָשִׁ֞יבH7725Preposition-l | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive constructfrom usמִמֶּ֔נּוּH4480Preposition | first person common plural
Verse 15

Original words

Onlyאַ֣ךְH389AdverbJonathanיוֹנָתָ֧ןH3129Noun - proper - masculine singularsonבֶּן־H1121Noun - masculine singular constructof Asahelעֲשָׂהאֵ֛לH6214Noun - proper - masculine singularand Jahzeiahוְיַחְזְיָ֥הH3167Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singularsonבֶן־H1121Noun - masculine singular constructof Tikvahתִּקְוָ֖הH8616Noun - proper - masculine singularsupportedעֲזָרֻֽם׃H5826Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural | third person masculine pluralby Meshullamוּמְשֻׁלָּ֛םH4918Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singularand Shabbethaiוְשַׁבְּתַ֥יH7678Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singularthe Leviteהַלֵּוִ֖יH3881Article | Noun - proper - masculine singularopposedעָמְד֣וּH5975Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural. . .עַל־H5921Prepositionthis [plan]זֹ֑אתH2063Pronoun - feminine singular
Verse 16

Original words

So the exilesבְּנֵ֣יH1121Noun - masculine plural construct. . .הַגּוֹלָה֒H1473Article | Noun - feminine singulardidוַיַּֽעֲשׂוּ־H6213Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralas proposedכֵן֮H3651AdverbEzraעֶזְרָ֨אH5830Noun - proper - masculine singularthe priestהַכֹּהֵ֜ןH3548Article | Noun - masculine singularselectedוַיִּבָּדְלוּ֩H914Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralmenאֲנָשִׁ֨יםH582Noun - masculine pluralwho were familyהָאָב֛וֹתH1Article | Noun - masculine pluralheadsרָאשֵׁ֧יH7218Noun - masculine plural constructeach of themוְכֻלָּ֣םH3605Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine pluralidentified by nameבְּשֵׁמ֑וֹתH8034Preposition-b | Noun - masculine plural. . .וַיֵּשְׁב֗וּH3427Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralto represent their familiesאֲבֹתָ֖םH1Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural. . .לְבֵ֥יתH1004Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular constructOn the firstאֶחָד֙H259Number - masculine singulardayבְּי֤וֹםH3117Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singularof the tenthהָעֲשִׂירִ֔יH6224Article | Number - ordinal masculine singularmonthלַחֹ֣דֶשׁH2320Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singularthey launchedלְדַרְי֖וֹשׁH1875Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructthe investigationהַדָּבָֽר׃H1697Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 17

Original words

and byעַ֛דH5704Prepositionthe firstאֶחָ֖דH259Number - masculine singulardayי֥וֹםH3117Noun - masculine singularof the firstהָרִאשֽׁוֹן׃פH7223Article | Adjective - masculine singularmonthלַחֹ֥דֶשׁH2320Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singularthey had dealtוַיְכַלּ֣וּH3615Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralwith allבַכֹּ֔לH3605Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singularthe menאֲנָשִׁ֕יםH582Noun - masculine pluralwho had marriedהַהֹשִׁ֖יבוּH3427Article | Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person common pluralforeignנָכְרִיּ֑וֹתH5237Adjective - feminine pluralwomenנָשִׁ֣יםH802Noun - feminine plural

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.