Focused Passage

2 Peter 2:17-22

False Teachers, Corruption, and the Certainty of Judgment

Peter moves from the certainty that false teachers will arise, to the certainty that God judges the wicked and rescues the godly, then to the moral anatomy and final ruin of those who promise freedom while remaining slaves of corruption.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

17These men are springs without water and mists driven by a storm. Blackest darkness is reserved for them.

18With lofty but empty words, they appeal to the sensual passions of the flesh and entice those who are just escaping from others who live in error.

19They promise them freedom, while they themselves are slaves to depravity. For a man is a slave to whatever has mastered him.

20If indeed they have escaped the corruption of the world through the knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, only to be entangled and overcome by it again, their final condition is worse than it was at first.

21It would have been better for them not to have known the way of righteousness than to have known it and then to turn away from the holy commandment passed on to them.

22Of them the proverbs are true: “A dog returns to its vomit,” and, “A sow that is washed goes back to her wallowing in the mud.”

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 17

Original words

These [men]ΟὗτοίG3778Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine PluralareεἰσινG1510Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person PluralspringsπηγαὶG4077Noun - Nominative Feminine Pluralwithout waterἄνυδροιG504Adjective - Nominative Feminine PluralandκαὶG2532ConjunctionmistsὁμίχλαιG887Noun - Nominative Feminine PluraldrivenἐλαυνόμεναιG1643Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Feminine PluralbyὑπὸG5259Prepositiona stormλαίλαποςG2978Noun - Genitive Feminine SingularBlackestζόφοςG2217Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular-τοῦG3588Article - Genitive Neuter SingulardarknessσκότουςG4655Noun - Genitive Neuter Singularis reservedτετήρηταιG5083Verb - Perfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Singularfor themοἷςG3739Personal / Relative Pronoun - Dative Masculine Plural-G3588Article - Nominative Masculine Singular
Verse 18

Original words

-γὰρG1063ConjunctionWith loftyὑπέρογκαG5246Adjective - Accusative Neuter Plural[but] emptyματαιότητοςG3153Noun - Genitive Feminine Singularwords, they appealφθεγγόμενοιG5350Verb - Present Participle Middle - Nominative Masculine Plural[to the] sensualἀσελγείαιςG766Noun - Dative Feminine PluralpassionsἐπιθυμίαιςG1939Noun - Dative Feminine Pluralof [the] fleshσαρκὸςG4561Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular[and] enticeδελεάζουσινG1185Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural-ἐνG1722PrepositionthoseτοὺςG3588Article - Accusative Masculine Plural[who are] justὀλίγωςG3641AdverbescapingἀποφεύγονταςG668Verb - Present Participle Active - Accusative Masculine Pluralfrom [others] whoτοὺςG3588Article - Accusative Masculine PluralliveἀναστρεφομένουςG390Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Accusative Masculine PluralinἐνG1722PrepositionerrorπλάνῃG4106Noun - Dative Feminine Singular
Verse 19

Original words

They promiseἐπαγγελλόμενοιG1861Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine PluralthemαὐτοῖςG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person PluralfreedomἐλευθερίανG1657Noun - Accusative Feminine Singularwhile they themselvesαὐτοὶG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative Masculine 3rd Person PluralareὑπάρχοντεςG5225Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine PluralslavesδοῦλοιG1401Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural-τῆςG3588Article - Genitive Feminine Singularto depravityφθορᾶςG5356Noun - Genitive Feminine SingularForγάρG1063ConjunctionvvvτούτῳG3778Demonstrative Pronoun - Dative Masculine SingularvvvκαὶG2532Conjunctiona man is a slaveδεδούλωταιG1402Verb - Perfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Singularto whateverG3739Personal / Relative Pronoun - Dative Masculine SingularvvvτιςG5100Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singularhas mastered himἥττηταιG2274Verb - Perfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Singular
Verse 20

Original words

IfΕἰG1487ConjunctionindeedγὰρG1063Conjunctionthey have escapedἀποφυγόντεςG668Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine PluraltheτὰG3588Article - Accusative Neuter PluralcorruptionμιάσματαG3393Noun - Accusative Neuter Pluralof theτοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine SingularworldκόσμουG2889Noun - Genitive Masculine SingularthroughἐνG1722Preposition[the] knowledgeἐπιγνώσειG1922Noun - Dative Feminine Singularof [our]τοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine SingularLordΚυρίουG2962Noun - Genitive Masculine SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctionSaviorΣωτῆροςG4990Noun - Genitive Masculine SingularJesusἸησοῦG2424Noun - Genitive Masculine SingularChristΧριστοῦG5547Noun - Genitive Masculine SingularonlyδὲG1161Conjunctionto be entangledἐμπλακέντεςG1707Verb - Aorist Participle Passive - Nominative Masculine Plural[and] overcomeἡττῶνταιG2274Verb - Perfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Pluralby itτούτοιςG3778Demonstrative Pronoun - Dative Neuter PluralagainπάλινG3825AdverbtheirαὐτοῖςG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Pluralfinal [condition]ἔσχαταG2078Adjective - Nominative Neuter PluralisγέγονενG1096Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singularworse thanχείροναG5501Adjective - Nominative Neuter Plural - Comparative-τὰG3588Article - Nominative Neuter Plural[it was]τῶνG3588Article - Genitive Neuter Pluralat firstπρώτωνG4413Adjective - Genitive Neuter Plural

BSB notes

  • SBL and WH the Lord and Savior Jesus Christ
Verse 21

Original words

-γὰρG1063ConjunctionIt would have beenἦνG1510Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularbetterκρεῖττονG2909Adjective - Nominative Neuter Singular - Comparativefor themαὐτοῖςG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person PluralnotμὴG3361Adverbto have knownἐπεγνωκέναιG1921Verb - Perfect Infinitive ActivetheτὴνG3588Article - Accusative Feminine SingularwayὁδὸνG3598Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular-τῆςG3588Article - Genitive Feminine Singularof righteousnessδικαιοσύνηςG1343Noun - Genitive Feminine SingularthanG2228Conjunctionto have known [it]ἐπιγνοῦσινG1921Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Dative Masculine Pluraland then to turn awayὑποστρέψαιG5290Verb - Aorist Infinitive ActivefromἐκG1537PrepositiontheτῆςG3588Article - Genitive Feminine SingularholyἁγίαςG40Adjective - Genitive Feminine SingularcommandmentἐντολῆςG1785Noun - Genitive Feminine Singularpassed onπαραδοθείσηςG3860Verb - Aorist Participle Passive - Genitive Feminine Singularto themαὐτοῖςG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural
Verse 22

Original words

Of themαὐτοῖςG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person PluraltheτὸG3588Article - Nominative Neuter Singular-τῆςG3588Article - Genitive Feminine SingularproverbsπαροιμίαςG3942Noun - Genitive Feminine SingularareσυμβέβηκενG4819Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingulartrueἀληθοῦςG227Adjective - Genitive Feminine SingularA dogΚύωνG2965Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularreturnsἐπιστρέψαςG1994Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine SingulartoἐπὶG1909Preposition-τὸG3588Article - Accusative Neuter Singular[its]ἴδιονG2398Adjective - Accusative Neuter SingularvomitἐξέραμαG1829Noun - Accusative Neuter SingularandκαίG2532ConjunctionA sowὟςG5300Noun - Nominative Feminine Singularthat is washedλουσαμένηG3068Verb - Aorist Participle Middle - Nominative Feminine Singular[goes back] to [her]εἰςG1519PrepositionwallowingκυλισμὸνG2946Noun - Accusative Masculine Singularin [the] mudβορβόρουG1004Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular

BSB notes

  • Proverbs 26:11

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.