Focused Passage

2 Peter 2:17-22

False Teachers, Corruption, and the Certainty of Judgment

Peter moves from the certainty that false teachers will arise, to the certainty that God judges the wicked and rescues the godly, then to the moral anatomy and final ruin of those who promise freedom while remaining slaves of corruption.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

17 These men are springs without water and mists driven by a storm. Blackest darkness is reserved for them.

18 With lofty but empty words, they appeal to the sensual passions of the flesh and entice those who are just escaping from others who live in error.

19 They promise them freedom, while they themselves are slaves to depravity. For a man is a slave to whatever has mastered him.

20 If indeed they have escaped the corruption of the world through the knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, only to be entangled and overcome by it again, their final condition is worse than it was at first.

21 It would have been better for them not to have known the way of righteousness than to have known it and then to turn away from the holy commandment passed on to them.

22 Of them the proverbs are true: “A dog returns to its vomit,” and, “A sow that is washed goes back to her wallowing in the mud.”

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 17

Original words

These [men] Οὗτοί G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Plural are εἰσιν G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural springs πηγαὶ G4077 Noun - Nominative Feminine Plural without water ἄνυδροι G504 Adjective - Nominative Feminine Plural and καὶ G2532 Conjunction mists ὁμίχλαι G887 Noun - Nominative Feminine Plural driven ἐλαυνόμεναι G1643 Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Feminine Plural by ὑπὸ G5259 Preposition a storm λαίλαπος G2978 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular Blackest ζόφος G2217 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular - τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Neuter Singular darkness σκότους G4655 Noun - Genitive Neuter Singular is reserved τετήρηται G5083 Verb - Perfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Singular for them οἷς G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Dative Masculine Plural - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular
Verse 18

Original words

- γὰρ G1063 Conjunction With lofty ὑπέρογκα G5246 Adjective - Accusative Neuter Plural [but] empty ματαιότητος G3153 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular words, they appeal φθεγγόμενοι G5350 Verb - Present Participle Middle - Nominative Masculine Plural [to the] sensual ἀσελγείαις G766 Noun - Dative Feminine Plural passions ἐπιθυμίαις G1939 Noun - Dative Feminine Plural of [the] flesh σαρκὸς G4561 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular [and] entice δελεάζουσιν G1185 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural - ἐν G1722 Preposition those τοὺς G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Plural [who are] just ὀλίγως G3641 Adverb escaping ἀποφεύγοντας G668 Verb - Present Participle Active - Accusative Masculine Plural from [others] who τοὺς G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Plural live ἀναστρεφομένους G390 Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Accusative Masculine Plural in ἐν G1722 Preposition error πλάνῃ G4106 Noun - Dative Feminine Singular
Verse 19

Original words

They promise ἐπαγγελλόμενοι G1861 Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine Plural them αὐτοῖς G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural freedom ἐλευθερίαν G1657 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular while they themselves αὐτοὶ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative Masculine 3rd Person Plural are ὑπάρχοντες G5225 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural slaves δοῦλοι G1401 Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural - τῆς G3588 Article - Genitive Feminine Singular to depravity φθορᾶς G5356 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular For γάρ G1063 Conjunction vvv τούτῳ G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Dative Masculine Singular vvv καὶ G2532 Conjunction a man is a slave δεδούλωται G1402 Verb - Perfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Singular to whatever G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Dative Masculine Singular vvv τις G5100 Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular has mastered him ἥττηται G2274 Verb - Perfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Singular
Verse 20

Original words

If Εἰ G1487 Conjunction indeed γὰρ G1063 Conjunction they have escaped ἀποφυγόντες G668 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural the τὰ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Plural corruption μιάσματα G3393 Noun - Accusative Neuter Plural of the τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular world κόσμου G2889 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular through ἐν G1722 Preposition [the] knowledge ἐπιγνώσει G1922 Noun - Dative Feminine Singular of [our] τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular Lord Κυρίου G2962 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction Savior Σωτῆρος G4990 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular Jesus Ἰησοῦ G2424 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular Christ Χριστοῦ G5547 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular only δὲ G1161 Conjunction to be entangled ἐμπλακέντες G1707 Verb - Aorist Participle Passive - Nominative Masculine Plural [and] overcome ἡττῶνται G2274 Verb - Perfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Plural by it τούτοις G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Dative Neuter Plural again πάλιν G3825 Adverb their αὐτοῖς G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural final [condition] ἔσχατα G2078 Adjective - Nominative Neuter Plural is γέγονεν G1096 Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular worse than χείρονα G5501 Adjective - Nominative Neuter Plural - Comparative - τὰ G3588 Article - Nominative Neuter Plural [it was] τῶν G3588 Article - Genitive Neuter Plural at first πρώτων G4413 Adjective - Genitive Neuter Plural

BSB notes

  • SBL and WH the Lord and Savior Jesus Christ
Verse 21

Original words

- γὰρ G1063 Conjunction It would have been ἦν G1510 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular better κρεῖττον G2909 Adjective - Nominative Neuter Singular - Comparative for them αὐτοῖς G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural not μὴ G3361 Adverb to have known ἐπεγνωκέναι G1921 Verb - Perfect Infinitive Active the τὴν G3588 Article - Accusative Feminine Singular way ὁδὸν G3598 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular - τῆς G3588 Article - Genitive Feminine Singular of righteousness δικαιοσύνης G1343 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular than G2228 Conjunction to have known [it] ἐπιγνοῦσιν G1921 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Dative Masculine Plural and then to turn away ὑποστρέψαι G5290 Verb - Aorist Infinitive Active from ἐκ G1537 Preposition the τῆς G3588 Article - Genitive Feminine Singular holy ἁγίας G40 Adjective - Genitive Feminine Singular commandment ἐντολῆς G1785 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular passed on παραδοθείσης G3860 Verb - Aorist Participle Passive - Genitive Feminine Singular to them αὐτοῖς G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural
Verse 22

Original words

Of them αὐτοῖς G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural the τὸ G3588 Article - Nominative Neuter Singular - τῆς G3588 Article - Genitive Feminine Singular proverbs παροιμίας G3942 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular are συμβέβηκεν G4819 Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular true ἀληθοῦς G227 Adjective - Genitive Feminine Singular A dog Κύων G2965 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular returns ἐπιστρέψας G1994 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular to ἐπὶ G1909 Preposition - τὸ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Singular [its] ἴδιον G2398 Adjective - Accusative Neuter Singular vomit ἐξέραμα G1829 Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular and καί G2532 Conjunction A sow Ὗς G5300 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular that is washed λουσαμένη G3068 Verb - Aorist Participle Middle - Nominative Feminine Singular [goes back] to [her] εἰς G1519 Preposition wallowing κυλισμὸν G2946 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular in [the] mud βορβόρου G1004 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular

BSB notes

  • Proverbs 26:11

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.