Focused Passage

Exodus 11:1-10

The Final Plague Announced

The LORD announces one final plague, instructs Israel to ask for silver and gold, declares that every Egyptian firstborn will die, promises a sharp distinction between Egypt and Israel, and confirms that Pharaoh’s hardened refusal will magnify the LORD’s wonders.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1 Then the LORD said to Moses, “I will bring upon Pharaoh and Egypt one more plague. After that, he will allow you to leave this place. And when he lets you go, he will drive you out completely.

2 Now announce to the people that men and women alike should ask their neighbors for articles of silver and gold.”

3 And the LORD gave the people favor in the sight of the Egyptians. Moreover, Moses himself was highly regarded in Egypt by Pharaoh’s officials and by the people.

4 So Moses declared, “This is what the LORD says: ‘About midnight I will go throughout Egypt,

5 and every firstborn son in the land of Egypt will die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne, to the firstborn of the servant girl behind the hand mill, as well as the firstborn of all the cattle.

6 Then a great cry will go out over all the land of Egypt. Such an outcry has never been heard before and will never be heard again.

7 But among all the Israelites, not even a dog will snarl at man or beast.’ Then you will know that the LORD makes a distinction between Egypt and Israel.

8 And all these officials of yours will come and bow before me, saying, ‘Go, you and all the people who follow you!’ After that, I will depart.” And hot with anger, Moses left Pharaoh’s presence.

9 The LORD said to Moses, “Pharaoh will not listen to you, so that My wonders may be multiplied in the land of Egypt.”

10 Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh, but the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart so that he would not let the Israelites go out of his land.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Original words

Then the LORD יְהוָ֜ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular said וַיֹּ֨אמֶר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular to אֶל־ H413 Preposition Moses מֹשֶׁ֗ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular I will bring אָבִ֤יא H935 Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - first person common singular upon עַל־ H5921 Preposition Pharaoh פַּרְעֹה֙ H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular and וְעַל־ H5921 Conjunctive waw | Preposition Egypt מִצְרַ֔יִם H4714 Noun - proper - feminine singular one אֶחָד֙ H259 Number - masculine singular more ע֣וֹד H5750 Adverb plague נֶ֤גַע H5061 Noun - masculine singular After אַֽחֲרֵי־ H310 Preposition that כֵ֕ן H3651 Adverb he will allow you to leave יְשַׁלַּ֥ח H7971 Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singular אֶתְכֶ֖ם אֶתְכֶ֖ם H853 Direct object marker | second person masculine plural this place מִזֶּ֑ה H2088 Preposition-m | Pronoun - masculine singular And when he lets you go כְּשַׁ֨לְּח֔וֹ H7971 Preposition-k | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct | third person masculine singular he will drive you out גָּרֵ֛שׁ H1644 Verb - Piel - Infinitive absolute . . . יְגָרֵ֥שׁ H1644 Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singular completely כָּלָ֕ה H3617 Adverb - אֶתְכֶ֖ם H853 Direct object marker | second person masculine plural - מִזֶּֽה׃ H2088 Preposition-m | Pronoun - masculine singular
Verse 2

Original words

Now נָ֖א H4994 Interjection . . . בְּאָזְנֵ֣י H241 Preposition-b | Noun - feminine dual construct announce דַּבֶּר־ H1696 Verb - Piel - Imperative - masculine singular to the people הָעָ֑ם H5971 Article | Noun - masculine singular that men אִ֣ישׁ׀ H376 Noun - masculine singular . . . מֵאֵ֣ת H854 Preposition-m | Direct object marker . . . רֵעֵ֗הוּ H7453 Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular and women alike וְאִשָּׁה֙ H802 Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular should ask וְיִשְׁאֲל֞וּ H7592 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine plural . . . מֵאֵ֣ת H854 Preposition-m | Direct object marker their neighbors רְעוּתָ֔הּ H7468 Noun - feminine singular construct | third person feminine singular for articles כְּלֵי־ H3627 Noun - masculine plural construct of silver כֶ֖סֶף H3701 Noun - masculine singular . . . וּכְלֵ֥י H3627 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct and gold זָהָֽב׃ H2091 Noun - masculine singular
Verse 3

Original words

And the LORD יְהוָ֛ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker gave וַיִּתֵּ֧ן H5414 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular the people הָעָ֖ם H5971 Article | Noun - masculine singular favor חֵ֥ן H2580 Noun - masculine singular in the sight בְּעֵינֵ֣י H5869 Preposition-b | Noun - cdc of the Egyptians מִצְרָ֑יִם H4713 Noun - proper - feminine singular Moreover גַּ֣ם׀ H1571 Conjunction Moses מֹשֶׁ֗ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular himself הָאִ֣ישׁ H376 Article | Noun - masculine singular was highly מְאֹד֙ H3966 Adverb regarded גָּד֤וֹל H1419 Adjective - masculine singular בְּאֶ֣רֶץ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ H776 Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct in Egypt מִצְרַ֔יִם H4714 Noun - proper - feminine singular by בְּעֵינֵ֥י H5869 Preposition-b | Noun - cdc Pharaoh’s פַרְעֹ֖ה H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular . . . וּבְעֵינֵ֥י H5869 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - cdc officials עַבְדֵֽי־ H5650 Noun - masculine plural construct and by the people הָעָֽם׃ס H5971 Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 4

Original words

So Moses מֹשֶׁ֔ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular declared וַיֹּ֣אמֶר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular This is what כֹּ֖ה H3541 Adverb the LORD יְהוָ֑ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular says אָמַ֣ר H559 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular About midnight כַּחֲצֹ֣ת H2676 Preposition-k | Noun - feminine singular construct . . . הַלַּ֔יְלָה H3915 Article | Noun - masculine singular I אֲנִ֥י H589 Pronoun - first person common singular will go יוֹצֵ֖א H3318 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular throughout בְּת֥וֹךְ H8432 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct Egypt מִצְרָֽיִם׃ H4714 Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 5

Original words

and every כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct firstborn son בְּכוֹר֮ H1060 Noun - masculine singular in the land בְּאֶ֣רֶץ H776 Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct of Egypt מִצְרַיִם֒ H4714 Noun - proper - feminine singular will die וּמֵ֣ת H4191 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular from the firstborn מִבְּכ֤וֹר H1060 Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular construct of Pharaoh פַּרְעֹה֙ H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular who sits הַיֹּשֵׁ֣ב H3427 Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular on עַל־ H5921 Preposition his throne כִּסְא֔וֹ H3678 Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular to עַ֚ד H5704 Preposition the firstborn בְּכ֣וֹר H1060 Noun - masculine singular construct of the servant girl הַשִּׁפְחָ֔ה H8198 Article | Noun - feminine singular - אֲשֶׁ֖ר H834 Pronoun - relative behind אַחַ֣ר H310 Preposition the hand mill הָרֵחָ֑יִם H7347 Article | Noun - md as well as the firstborn בְּכ֥וֹר H1060 Noun - masculine singular construct of all וְכֹ֖ל H3605 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct the cattle בְּהֵמָֽה׃ H929 Noun - feminine singular
Verse 6

Original words

Then a great גְדֹלָ֖ה H1419 Adjective - feminine singular cry צְעָקָ֥ה H6818 Noun - feminine singular will go out וְהָֽיְתָ֛ה H1961 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person feminine singular over all בְּכָל־ H3605 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct the land אֶ֣רֶץ H776 Noun - feminine singular construct of Egypt מִצְרָ֑יִם H4714 Noun - proper - feminine singular Such אֲשֶׁ֤ר H834 Pronoun - relative [an outcry] כָּמֹ֙הוּ֙ H3644 Preposition | third person masculine singular has never לֹ֣א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle been heard before נִהְיָ֔תָה H1961 Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person feminine singular and will never לֹ֥א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle [be heard] וְכָמֹ֖הוּ H3644 Conjunctive waw | Preposition | third person masculine singular again תֹסִֽף׃ H3254 Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person feminine singular
Verse 7

Original words

But among all וּלְכֹ֣ל׀ H3605 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct the Israelites בְּנֵ֣י H1121 Noun - masculine plural construct . . . יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular not לֹ֤א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle even a dog כֶּ֙לֶב֙ H3611 Noun - masculine singular . . . לְשֹׁנ֔וֹ H3956 Noun - common singular construct | third person masculine singular will snarl יֶֽחֱרַץ־ H2782 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular at man לְמֵאִ֖ישׁ H376 Preposition-l, Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular . . . וְעַד־ H5704 Conjunctive waw | Preposition or beast בְּהֵמָ֑ה H929 Noun - feminine singular Then לְמַ֙עַן֙ H4616 Conjunction you will know תֵּֽדְע֔וּן H3045 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural | Paragogic nun that אֲשֶׁר֙ H834 Pronoun - relative the LORD יְהוָ֔ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular makes a distinction יַפְלֶ֣ה H6395 Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular between בֵּ֥ין H996 Preposition Egypt מִצְרַ֖יִם H4714 Noun - proper - feminine singular . . . וּבֵ֥ין H996 Conjunctive waw | Preposition and Israel יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular

BSB notes

  • Some translators close this quotation at the end of the verse.
Verse 8

Original words

And all כָל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct these אֵ֨לֶּה H428 Pronoun - common plural officials עֲבָדֶיךָ֩ H5650 Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singular of yours will come וְיָרְד֣וּ H3381 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural - אֵלַ֜י H413 Preposition | first person common singular and bow וְהִשְׁתַּֽחֲוּוּ־ H7812 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hitpael - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural before me לִ֣י Preposition | first person common singular saying לֵאמֹ֗ר H559 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct Go צֵ֤א H3318 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular you אַתָּה֙ H859 Pronoun - second person masculine singular and all וְכָל־ H3605 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct the people הָעָ֣ם H5971 Article | Noun - masculine singular who אֲשֶׁר־ H834 Pronoun - relative follow you בְּרַגְלֶ֔יךָ H7272 Preposition-b | Noun - feminine dual construct | second person masculine singular After וְאַחֲרֵי־ H310 Conjunctive waw | Preposition that כֵ֖ן H3651 Adverb I will depart אֵצֵ֑א H3318 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singular And hot בָּחֳרִי־ H2750 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct with anger אָֽף׃ס H639 Noun - masculine singular [Moses] left וַיֵּצֵ֥א H3318 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular Pharaoh’s פַּרְעֹ֖ה H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular presence מֵֽעִם־ H5973 Preposition-m
Verse 9

Original words

The LORD יְהוָה֙ H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular said וַיֹּ֤אמֶר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular to אֶל־ H413 Preposition Moses מֹשֶׁ֔ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular Pharaoh פַּרְעֹ֑ה H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular will not לֹא־ H3808 Adverb - Negative particle listen יִשְׁמַ֥ע H8085 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular to you אֲלֵיכֶ֖ם H413 Preposition | second person masculine plural so that לְמַ֛עַן H4616 Conjunction My wonders מוֹפְתַ֖י H4159 Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singular may be multiplied רְב֥וֹת H7235 Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct in the land בְּאֶ֥רֶץ H776 Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct of Egypt מִצְרָֽיִם׃ H4714 Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 10

Original words

Moses וּמֹשֶׁ֣ה H4872 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular and Aaron וְאַהֲרֹ֗ן H175 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular did עָשׂ֛וּ H6213 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker all כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct these הָאֵ֖לֶּה H428 Article | Pronoun - common plural wonders הַמֹּפְתִ֥ים H4159 Article | Noun - masculine plural before לִפְנֵ֣י H6440 Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct Pharaoh פַרְעֹ֑ה H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular but the LORD יְהוָה֙ H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker hardened וַיְחַזֵּ֤ק H2388 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular Pharaoh’s פַּרְעֹ֔ה H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular heart לֵ֣ב H3820 Noun - masculine singular construct so that he would not וְלֹֽא־ H3808 Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle let the Israelites בְּנֵֽי־ H1121 Noun - masculine plural construct . . . יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular go out שִׁלַּ֥ח H7971 Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker of his land מֵאַרְצֽוֹ׃פ H776 Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular

BSB notes

  • Or stiffened or strengthened

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.