Focused Passage

Exodus 24:1-18

The Covenant Ratified and the Glory of the LORD on Sinai

The LORD summons Moses, Aaron, Nadab, Abihu, and seventy elders; Israel pledges obedience to the LORD’s words; Moses writes, builds an altar, offers sacrifices, sprinkles covenant blood, and reads the Book of the Covenant; the people again pledge obedience; Israel’s representatives ascend, behold God, and eat; Moses then ascends higher into the cloud of glory to receive the tablets and further instruction.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1Then the LORD said to Moses, “Come up to the LORD—you and Aaron, Nadab and Abihu, and seventy of Israel’s elders—and you are to worship at a distance.

2Moses alone shall approach the LORD, but the others must not come near. And the people may not go up with him.”

3When Moses came and told the people all the words and ordinances of the LORD, they all responded with one voice: “All the words that the LORD has spoken, we will do.”

4And Moses wrote down all the words of the LORD. Early the next morning he got up and built an altar at the base of the mountain, along with twelve pillars for the twelve tribes of Israel.

5Then he sent out some young men of Israel, and they offered burnt offerings and sacrificed young bulls as peace offerings to the LORD.

6Moses took half of the blood and put it in bowls, and the other half he splattered on the altar.

7Then he took the Book of the Covenant and read it to the people, who replied, “All that the LORD has spoken we will do, and we will be obedient.”

8So Moses took the blood, splattered it on the people, and said, “This is the blood of the covenant that the LORD has made with you in accordance with all these words.”

9Then Moses went up with Aaron, Nadab and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel,

10and they saw the God of Israel. Under His feet was a work like a pavement made of sapphire, as clear as the sky itself.

11But God did not lay His hand on the nobles of Israel; they saw Him, and they ate and drank.

12Then the LORD said to Moses, “Come up to Me on the mountain and stay here, so that I may give you the tablets of stone, with the law and commandments I have written for their instruction.”

13So Moses set out with Joshua his attendant and went up on the mountain of God.

14And he said to the elders, “Wait here for us until we return to you. Aaron and Hur are here with you. Whoever has a dispute can go to them.”

15When Moses went up on the mountain, the cloud covered it,

16and the glory of the LORD settled on Mount Sinai. For six days the cloud covered it, and on the seventh day the LORD called to Moses from within the cloud.

17And the sight of the glory of the LORD was like a consuming fire on the mountaintop in the eyes of the Israelites.

18Moses entered the cloud as he went up on the mountain, and he remained on the mountain forty days and forty nights.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Original words

Then [the LORD] saidאָמַ֜רH559Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singulartoוְאֶל־H413Conjunctive waw | PrepositionMosesמֹשֶׁ֨הH4872Noun - proper - masculine singularCome upעֲלֵ֣הH5927Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singulartoאֶל־H413Prepositionthe LORDיְהוָ֗הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularyouאַתָּה֙H859Pronoun - second person masculine singularand Aaronוְאַהֲרֹן֙H175Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singularNadabנָדָ֣בH5070Noun - proper - masculine singularand Abihuוַאֲבִיה֔וּאH30Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singularand seventyוְשִׁבְעִ֖יםH7657Conjunctive waw | Number - common pluralof Israel’sיִשְׂרָאֵ֑לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singulareldersמִזִּקְנֵ֣יH2205Preposition-m | Adjective - masculine plural constructand you are to worshipוְהִשְׁתַּחֲוִיתֶ֖םH7812Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hitpael - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine pluralat a distanceמֵרָחֹֽק׃H7350Preposition-m | Adjective - masculine singular
Verse 2

Original words

Mosesמֹשֶׁ֤הH4872Noun - proper - masculine singularaloneלְבַדּוֹ֙H905Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular. . .אֶל־H413Prepositionshall approachוְנִגַּ֨שׁH5066Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singularthe LORDיְהוָ֔הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularbut the othersוְהֵ֖םH1992Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - third person masculine plural{must} notלֹ֣אH3808Adverb - Negative particlecome nearיִגָּ֑שׁוּH5066Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine pluralAnd the peopleוְהָעָ֕םH5971Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - masculine singularmay notלֹ֥אH3808Adverb - Negative particlego upיַעֲל֖וּH5927Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine pluralwith himעִמּֽוֹ׃H5973Preposition | third person masculine singular
Verse 3

Original words

When Mosesמֹשֶׁ֗הH4872Noun - proper - masculine singularcameוַיָּבֹ֣אH935Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularand toldוַיְסַפֵּ֤רH5608Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularthe peopleלָעָם֙H5971Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular-אֵ֚תH853Direct object markerallכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructthe wordsדִּבְרֵ֣יH1697Noun - masculine plural construct-וְאֵ֖תH853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerandכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructordinancesהַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֑יםH4941Article | Noun - masculine pluralof the LORDיְהוָ֔הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singular[they]הָעָ֜םH5971Article | Noun - masculine singularallכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructrespondedוַיַּ֨עַןH6030Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularwith oneאֶחָד֙H259Number - masculine singular. . .וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralvoiceק֤וֹלH6963Noun - masculine singularAllכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructthe wordsהַדְּבָרִ֛יםH1697Article | Noun - masculine pluralthatאֲשֶׁר־H834Pronoun - relativethe LORDיְהוָ֖הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularhas spokenדִּבֶּ֥רH1696Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singularwe will doנַעֲשֶֽׂה׃H6213Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common plural
Verse 4

Original words

And Mosesמֹשֶׁ֗הH4872Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֵ֚תH853Direct object markerwrote downוַיִּכְתֹּ֣בH3789Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularallכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructthe wordsדִּבְרֵ֣יH1697Noun - masculine plural constructof the LORDיְהוָ֔הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singular{Early} the next morningבַּבֹּ֔קֶרH1242Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singularhe got upוַיַּשְׁכֵּ֣םH7925Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularand builtוַיִּ֥בֶןH1129Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularan altarמִזְבֵּ֖חַH4196Noun - masculine singularat the base ofתַּ֣חַתH8478Prepositionthe mountainהָהָ֑רH2022Article | Noun - masculine singularalong with twelveוּשְׁתֵּ֤יםH8147Conjunctive waw | Number - fd. . .עֶשְׂרֵה֙H6240Number - feminine singular constructpillarsמַצֵּבָ֔הH4676Noun - feminine singularfor the twelveלִשְׁנֵ֥יםH8147Preposition-l | Number - md. . .עָשָׂ֖רH6240Number - masculine singulartribesשִׁבְטֵ֥יH7626Noun - masculine plural constructof Israelיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃H3478Noun - proper - masculine singular
Verse 5

Original words

Then he sent outוַיִּשְׁלַ֗חH7971Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular-אֶֽת־H853Direct object markersome young menנַעֲרֵי֙H5288Noun - masculine plural constructof Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singular. . .בְּנֵ֣יH1121Noun - masculine plural constructand they offeredוַיַּֽעֲל֖וּH5927Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralburnt offeringsעֹלֹ֑תH5930Noun - feminine pluraland sacrificedוַֽיִּזְבְּח֞וּH2076Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralyoung bullsפָּרִֽים׃H6499Noun - masculine pluralas peaceשְׁלָמִ֛יםH8002Noun - masculine pluralofferingsזְבָחִ֧יםH2077Noun - masculine pluralto the LORDלַיהוָ֖הH3068Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Verse 6

Original words

Mosesמֹשֶׁה֙H4872Noun - proper - masculine singulartookוַיִּקַּ֤חH3947Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularhalfחֲצִ֣יH2677Noun - masculine singular constructof the bloodהַדָּ֔םH1818Article | Noun - masculine singularand put [it]וַיָּ֖שֶׂםH7760Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularin bowlsבָּאַגָּנֹ֑תH101Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine pluraland the other halfוַחֲצִ֣יH2677Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct. . .הַדָּ֔םH1818Article | Noun - masculine singularhe splatteredזָרַ֖קH2236Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularonעַל־H5921Prepositionthe altarהַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ׃H4196Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 7

Original words

Then he tookוַיִּקַּח֙H3947Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularthe Bookסֵ֣פֶרH5612Noun - masculine singular constructof the Covenantהַבְּרִ֔יתH1285Article | Noun - feminine singularand read itוַיִּקְרָ֖אH7121Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .בְּאָזְנֵ֣יH241Preposition-b | Noun - feminine dual constructto the peopleהָעָ֑םH5971Article | Noun - masculine singularwho repliedוַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralAllכֹּ֛לH3605Noun - masculine singularthatאֲשֶׁר־H834Pronoun - relativethe LORDיְהוָ֖הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularhas spokenדִּבֶּ֥רH1696Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singularwe will doנַעֲשֶׂ֥הH6213Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common pluraland we will be obedientוְנִשְׁמָֽע׃H8085Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - first person common plural
Verse 8

Original words

So Mosesמֹשֶׁה֙H4872Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markertookוַיִּקַּ֤חH3947Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularthe bloodהַדָּ֔םH1818Article | Noun - masculine singularsplatteredוַיִּזְרֹ֖קH2236Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularit onעַל־H5921Prepositionthe peopleהָעָ֑םH5971Article | Noun - masculine singularand saidוַיֹּ֗אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularThisהִנֵּ֤הH2009Interjectionis the bloodדַֽם־H1818Noun - masculine singular constructof the covenantהַבְּרִית֙H1285Article | Noun - feminine singularthatאֲשֶׁ֨רH834Pronoun - relativethe LORDיְהוָה֙H3068Noun - proper - masculine singularhas madeכָּרַ֤תH3772Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularwith youעִמָּכֶ֔םH5973Preposition | second person masculine pluralin accordance withעַ֥לH5921Prepositionallכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructtheseהָאֵֽלֶּה׃H428Article | Pronoun - common pluralwordsהַדְּבָרִ֖יםH1697Article | Noun - masculine plural

BSB notes

  • Cited in Hebrews 9:20
Verse 9

Original words

Then Mosesמֹשֶׁ֖הH4872Noun - proper - masculine singularwent upוַיַּ֥עַלH5927Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularwith Aaronוְאַהֲרֹ֑ןH175Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singularNadabנָדָב֙H5070Noun - proper - masculine singularand Abihuוַאֲבִיה֔וּאH30Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singularand seventyוְשִׁבְעִ֖יםH7657Conjunctive waw | Number - common pluralof the eldersמִזִּקְנֵ֥יH2205Preposition-m | Adjective - masculine plural constructof Israelיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃H3478Noun - proper - masculine singular
Verse 10

Original words

and they sawוַיִּרְא֕וּH7200Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural-אֵ֖תH853Direct object markerthe Godאֱלֹהֵ֣יH430Noun - masculine plural constructof Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֑לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singularUnderוְתַ֣חַתH8478Conjunctive waw | PrepositionHis feetרַגְלָ֗יוH7272Noun - feminine dual construct | third person masculine singularwas a workכְּמַעֲשֵׂה֙H4639Preposition-k | Noun - masculine singular constructlike a pavementלִבְנַ֣תH3843Noun - feminine singular constructmade of sapphireהַסַּפִּ֔ירH5601Article | Noun - masculine singular. . .וּכְעֶ֥צֶםH6106Conjunctive waw, Preposition-k | Noun - feminine singular constructas clearלָטֹֽהַר׃H2892Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singularas the sky itselfהַשָּׁמַ֖יִםH8064Article | Noun - masculine plural
Verse 11

Original words

Butוְאֶל־H413Conjunctive waw | PrepositionGodהָ֣אֱלֹהִ֔יםH430Article | Noun - masculine pluraldid notלֹ֥אH3808Adverb - Negative particlelayשָׁלַ֖חH7971Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularHis handיָד֑וֹH3027Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular-בְּנֵ֣יH1121Noun - masculine plural constructon the noblesאֲצִילֵי֙H678Noun - masculine plural constructof Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singularthey sawוַֽיֶּחֱזוּ֙H2372Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralHimאֶת־H853Direct object markerand they ateוַיֹּאכְל֖וּH398Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluraland drankוַיִּשְׁתּֽוּ׃סH8354Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Verse 12

Original words

Then the LORDיְהוָ֜הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularsaidוַיֹּ֨אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singulartoאֶל־H413PrepositionMosesמֹשֶׁ֗הH4872Noun - proper - masculine singularCome upעֲלֵ֥הH5927Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singularto Meאֵלַ֛יH413Preposition | first person common singularon the mountainהָהָ֖רָהH2022Article | Noun - masculine singular | third person feminine singularand stayוֶהְיֵה־H1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singularhereשָׁ֑םH8033Adverbso that I may giveוְאֶתְּנָ֨הH5414Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative - first person common singularyouלְךָ֜Preposition | second person masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe tabletsלֻחֹ֣תH3871Noun - masculine plural constructof stoneהָאֶ֗בֶןH68Article | Noun - feminine singularwith the lawוְהַתּוֹרָה֙H8451Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - feminine singularand commandmentsוְהַמִּצְוָ֔הH4687Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - feminine singular-אֲשֶׁ֥רH834Pronoun - relativeI have writtenכָּתַ֖בְתִּיH3789Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singularfor their instructionלְהוֹרֹתָֽם׃H3384Preposition-l | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct | third person masculine plural
Verse 13

Original words

So Mosesמֹשֶׁ֔הH4872Noun - proper - masculine singularset outוַיָּ֣קָםH6965Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularwith Joshuaוִיהוֹשֻׁ֖עַH3091Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singularhis attendantמְשָׁרְת֑וֹH8334Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularand went upוַיַּ֥עַלH5927Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .מֹשֶׁ֖הH4872Noun - proper - masculine singularonאֶל־H413Prepositionthe mountainהַ֥רH2022Noun - masculine singular constructof Godהָאֱלֹהִֽים׃H430Article | Noun - masculine plural
Verse 14

Original words

Andוְאֶל־H413Conjunctive waw | Prepositionhe saidאָמַר֙H559Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularto the eldersהַזְּקֵנִ֤יםH2205Article | Adjective - masculine pluralWaitשְׁבוּ־H3427Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine pluralhereבָזֶ֔הH2088Preposition-b | Pronoun - masculine singularfor usלָ֣נוּPreposition | first person common pluraluntilעַ֥דH5704Preposition-אֲשֶׁר־H834Pronoun - relativewe returnנָשׁ֖וּבH7725Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common pluralto youאֲלֵיכֶ֑םH413Preposition | second person masculine pluralAaronאַהֲרֹ֤ןH175Noun - proper - masculine singularand Hurוְחוּר֙H2354Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singularare hereוְהִנֵּ֨הH2009Conjunctive waw | Interjectionwith youעִמָּכֶ֔םH5973Preposition | second person masculine pluralWhoeverמִי־H4310Interrogative. . .בַ֥עַלH1167Noun - masculine singular constructhas a disputeדְּבָרִ֖יםH1697Noun - masculine pluralcan goיִגַּ֥שׁH5066Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singularto themאֲלֵהֶֽם׃H413Preposition | third person masculine plural
Verse 15

Original words

When Mosesמֹשֶׁ֖הH4872Noun - proper - masculine singular. . .אֶל־H413Prepositionwent upוַיַּ֥עַלH5927Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularon the mountainהָהָ֑רH2022Article | Noun - masculine singularthe cloudהֶעָנָ֖ןH6051Article | Noun - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markercovered itוַיְכַ֥סH3680Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .הָהָֽר׃H2022Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 16

Original words

and the gloryכְּבוֹד־H3519Noun - masculine singular constructof the LORDיְהוָה֙H3068Noun - proper - masculine singularsettledוַיִּשְׁכֹּ֤ןH7931Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularonעַל־H5921PrepositionMountהַ֣רH2022Noun - masculine singular constructSinaiסִינַ֔יH5514Noun - proper - feminine singularFor sixשֵׁ֣שֶׁתH8337Number - masculine singular constructdaysיָמִ֑יםH3117Noun - masculine pluralthe cloudהֶעָנָ֖ןH6051Article | Noun - masculine singularcovered itוַיְכַסֵּ֥הוּH3680Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singularand on the seventhהַשְּׁבִיעִ֖יH7637Article | Number - ordinal masculine singulardayבַּיּ֥וֹםH3117Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular[the LORD] calledוַיִּקְרָ֧אH7121Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singulartoאֶל־H413PrepositionMosesמֹשֶׁ֛הH4872Noun - proper - masculine singularfrom withinמִתּ֥וֹךְH8432Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular constructthe cloudהֶעָנָֽן׃H6051Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 17

Original words

And the sightוּמַרְאֵה֙H4758Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular constructof the gloryכְּב֣וֹדH3519Noun - masculine singular constructof the LORDיְהוָ֔הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularwas like a consumingאֹכֶ֖לֶתH398Verb - Qal - Participle - feminine singularfireכְּאֵ֥שׁH784Preposition-k | Noun - common singularon the mountaintopבְּרֹ֣אשׁH7218Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct. . .הָהָ֑רH2022Article | Noun - masculine singularin the eyesלְעֵינֵ֖יH5869Preposition-l | Noun - cdcvvvבְּנֵ֥יH1121Noun - masculine plural constructof the Israelitesיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃H3478Noun - proper - masculine singular
Verse 18

Original words

Mosesמֹשֶׁ֛הH4872Noun - proper - masculine singularenteredוַיָּבֹ֥אH935Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .בְּת֥וֹךְH8432Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular constructthe cloudהֶעָנָ֖ןH6051Article | Noun - masculine singularas he went upוַיַּ֣עַלH5927Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularonאֶל־H413Prepositionthe mountainהָהָ֑רH2022Article | Noun - masculine singularand heמֹשֶׁה֙H4872Noun - proper - masculine singularremainedוַיְהִ֤יH1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularon the mountainבָּהָ֔רH2022Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singularfortyאַרְבָּעִ֣יםH705Number - common pluraldaysי֔וֹםH3117Noun - masculine singularand fortyוְאַרְבָּעִ֖יםH705Conjunctive waw | Number - common pluralnightsלָֽיְלָה׃פH3915Noun - masculine singular

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