Focused Passage

Exodus 24:1-18

The Covenant Ratified and the Glory of the LORD on Sinai

The LORD summons Moses, Aaron, Nadab, Abihu, and seventy elders; Israel pledges obedience to the LORD’s words; Moses writes, builds an altar, offers sacrifices, sprinkles covenant blood, and reads the Book of the Covenant; the people again pledge obedience; Israel’s representatives ascend, behold God, and eat; Moses then ascends higher into the cloud of glory to receive the tablets and further instruction.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1 Then the LORD said to Moses, “Come up to the LORD—you and Aaron, Nadab and Abihu, and seventy of Israel’s elders—and you are to worship at a distance.

2 Moses alone shall approach the LORD, but the others must not come near. And the people may not go up with him.”

3 When Moses came and told the people all the words and ordinances of the LORD, they all responded with one voice: “All the words that the LORD has spoken, we will do.”

4 And Moses wrote down all the words of the LORD. Early the next morning he got up and built an altar at the base of the mountain, along with twelve pillars for the twelve tribes of Israel.

5 Then he sent out some young men of Israel, and they offered burnt offerings and sacrificed young bulls as peace offerings to the LORD.

6 Moses took half of the blood and put it in bowls, and the other half he splattered on the altar.

7 Then he took the Book of the Covenant and read it to the people, who replied, “All that the LORD has spoken we will do, and we will be obedient.”

8 So Moses took the blood, splattered it on the people, and said, “This is the blood of the covenant that the LORD has made with you in accordance with all these words.”

9 Then Moses went up with Aaron, Nadab and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel,

10 and they saw the God of Israel. Under His feet was a work like a pavement made of sapphire, as clear as the sky itself.

11 But God did not lay His hand on the nobles of Israel; they saw Him, and they ate and drank.

12 Then the LORD said to Moses, “Come up to Me on the mountain and stay here, so that I may give you the tablets of stone, with the law and commandments I have written for their instruction.”

13 So Moses set out with Joshua his attendant and went up on the mountain of God.

14 And he said to the elders, “Wait here for us until we return to you. Aaron and Hur are here with you. Whoever has a dispute can go to them.”

15 When Moses went up on the mountain, the cloud covered it,

16 and the glory of the LORD settled on Mount Sinai. For six days the cloud covered it, and on the seventh day the LORD called to Moses from within the cloud.

17 And the sight of the glory of the LORD was like a consuming fire on the mountaintop in the eyes of the Israelites.

18 Moses entered the cloud as he went up on the mountain, and he remained on the mountain forty days and forty nights.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Original words

Then [the LORD] said אָמַ֜ר H559 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular to וְאֶל־ H413 Conjunctive waw | Preposition Moses מֹשֶׁ֨ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular Come up עֲלֵ֣ה H5927 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular to אֶל־ H413 Preposition the LORD יְהוָ֗ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular you אַתָּה֙ H859 Pronoun - second person masculine singular and Aaron וְאַהֲרֹן֙ H175 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular Nadab נָדָ֣ב H5070 Noun - proper - masculine singular and Abihu וַאֲבִיה֔וּא H30 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular and seventy וְשִׁבְעִ֖ים H7657 Conjunctive waw | Number - common plural of Israel’s יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular elders מִזִּקְנֵ֣י H2205 Preposition-m | Adjective - masculine plural construct and you are to worship וְהִשְׁתַּחֲוִיתֶ֖ם H7812 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hitpael - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine plural at a distance מֵרָחֹֽק׃ H7350 Preposition-m | Adjective - masculine singular
Verse 2

Original words

Moses מֹשֶׁ֤ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular alone לְבַדּוֹ֙ H905 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular . . . אֶל־ H413 Preposition shall approach וְנִגַּ֨שׁ H5066 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular the LORD יְהוָ֔ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular but the others וְהֵ֖ם H1992 Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - third person masculine plural {must} not לֹ֣א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle come near יִגָּ֑שׁוּ H5066 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural And the people וְהָעָ֕ם H5971 Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - masculine singular may not לֹ֥א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle go up יַעֲל֖וּ H5927 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural with him עִמּֽוֹ׃ H5973 Preposition | third person masculine singular
Verse 3

Original words

When Moses מֹשֶׁ֗ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular came וַיָּבֹ֣א H935 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular and told וַיְסַפֵּ֤ר H5608 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular the people לָעָם֙ H5971 Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular - אֵ֚ת H853 Direct object marker all כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct the words דִּבְרֵ֣י H1697 Noun - masculine plural construct - וְאֵ֖ת H853 Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker and כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct ordinances הַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֑ים H4941 Article | Noun - masculine plural of the LORD יְהוָ֔ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular [they] הָעָ֜ם H5971 Article | Noun - masculine singular all כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct responded וַיַּ֨עַן H6030 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular with one אֶחָד֙ H259 Number - masculine singular . . . וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural voice ק֤וֹל H6963 Noun - masculine singular All כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct the words הַדְּבָרִ֛ים H1697 Article | Noun - masculine plural that אֲשֶׁר־ H834 Pronoun - relative the LORD יְהוָ֖ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular has spoken דִּבֶּ֥ר H1696 Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular we will do נַעֲשֶֽׂה׃ H6213 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common plural
Verse 4

Original words

And Moses מֹשֶׁ֗ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular - אֵ֚ת H853 Direct object marker wrote down וַיִּכְתֹּ֣ב H3789 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular all כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct the words דִּבְרֵ֣י H1697 Noun - masculine plural construct of the LORD יְהוָ֔ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular {Early} the next morning בַּבֹּ֔קֶר H1242 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular he got up וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֣ם H7925 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular and built וַיִּ֥בֶן H1129 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular an altar מִזְבֵּ֖חַ H4196 Noun - masculine singular at the base of תַּ֣חַת H8478 Preposition the mountain הָהָ֑ר H2022 Article | Noun - masculine singular along with twelve וּשְׁתֵּ֤ים H8147 Conjunctive waw | Number - fd . . . עֶשְׂרֵה֙ H6240 Number - feminine singular construct pillars מַצֵּבָ֔ה H4676 Noun - feminine singular for the twelve לִשְׁנֵ֥ים H8147 Preposition-l | Number - md . . . עָשָׂ֖ר H6240 Number - masculine singular tribes שִׁבְטֵ֥י H7626 Noun - masculine plural construct of Israel יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular
Verse 5

Original words

Then he sent out וַיִּשְׁלַ֗ח H7971 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular - אֶֽת־ H853 Direct object marker some young men נַעֲרֵי֙ H5288 Noun - masculine plural construct of Israel יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular . . . בְּנֵ֣י H1121 Noun - masculine plural construct and they offered וַיַּֽעֲל֖וּ H5927 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural burnt offerings עֹלֹ֑ת H5930 Noun - feminine plural and sacrificed וַֽיִּזְבְּח֞וּ H2076 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural young bulls פָּרִֽים׃ H6499 Noun - masculine plural as peace שְׁלָמִ֛ים H8002 Noun - masculine plural offerings זְבָחִ֧ים H2077 Noun - masculine plural to the LORD לַיהוָ֖ה H3068 Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Verse 6

Original words

Moses מֹשֶׁה֙ H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular took וַיִּקַּ֤ח H3947 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular half חֲצִ֣י H2677 Noun - masculine singular construct of the blood הַדָּ֔ם H1818 Article | Noun - masculine singular and put [it] וַיָּ֖שֶׂם H7760 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular in bowls בָּאַגָּנֹ֑ת H101 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine plural and the other half וַחֲצִ֣י H2677 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct . . . הַדָּ֔ם H1818 Article | Noun - masculine singular he splattered זָרַ֖ק H2236 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular on עַל־ H5921 Preposition the altar הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ׃ H4196 Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 7

Original words

Then he took וַיִּקַּח֙ H3947 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular the Book סֵ֣פֶר H5612 Noun - masculine singular construct of the Covenant הַבְּרִ֔ית H1285 Article | Noun - feminine singular and read it וַיִּקְרָ֖א H7121 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular . . . בְּאָזְנֵ֣י H241 Preposition-b | Noun - feminine dual construct to the people הָעָ֑ם H5971 Article | Noun - masculine singular who replied וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural All כֹּ֛ל H3605 Noun - masculine singular that אֲשֶׁר־ H834 Pronoun - relative the LORD יְהוָ֖ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular has spoken דִּבֶּ֥ר H1696 Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular we will do נַעֲשֶׂ֥ה H6213 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common plural and we will be obedient וְנִשְׁמָֽע׃ H8085 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - first person common plural
Verse 8

Original words

So Moses מֹשֶׁה֙ H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker took וַיִּקַּ֤ח H3947 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular the blood הַדָּ֔ם H1818 Article | Noun - masculine singular splattered וַיִּזְרֹ֖ק H2236 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular it on עַל־ H5921 Preposition the people הָעָ֑ם H5971 Article | Noun - masculine singular and said וַיֹּ֗אמֶר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular This הִנֵּ֤ה H2009 Interjection is the blood דַֽם־ H1818 Noun - masculine singular construct of the covenant הַבְּרִית֙ H1285 Article | Noun - feminine singular that אֲשֶׁ֨ר H834 Pronoun - relative the LORD יְהוָה֙ H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular has made כָּרַ֤ת H3772 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular with you עִמָּכֶ֔ם H5973 Preposition | second person masculine plural in accordance with עַ֥ל H5921 Preposition all כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct these הָאֵֽלֶּה׃ H428 Article | Pronoun - common plural words הַדְּבָרִ֖ים H1697 Article | Noun - masculine plural

BSB notes

  • Cited in Hebrews 9:20
Verse 9

Original words

Then Moses מֹשֶׁ֖ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular went up וַיַּ֥עַל H5927 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular with Aaron וְאַהֲרֹ֑ן H175 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular Nadab נָדָב֙ H5070 Noun - proper - masculine singular and Abihu וַאֲבִיה֔וּא H30 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular and seventy וְשִׁבְעִ֖ים H7657 Conjunctive waw | Number - common plural of the elders מִזִּקְנֵ֥י H2205 Preposition-m | Adjective - masculine plural construct of Israel יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular
Verse 10

Original words

and they saw וַיִּרְא֕וּ H7200 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural - אֵ֖ת H853 Direct object marker the God אֱלֹהֵ֣י H430 Noun - masculine plural construct of Israel יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular Under וְתַ֣חַת H8478 Conjunctive waw | Preposition His feet רַגְלָ֗יו H7272 Noun - feminine dual construct | third person masculine singular was a work כְּמַעֲשֵׂה֙ H4639 Preposition-k | Noun - masculine singular construct like a pavement לִבְנַ֣ת H3843 Noun - feminine singular construct made of sapphire הַסַּפִּ֔יר H5601 Article | Noun - masculine singular . . . וּכְעֶ֥צֶם H6106 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-k | Noun - feminine singular construct as clear לָטֹֽהַר׃ H2892 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular as the sky itself הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם H8064 Article | Noun - masculine plural
Verse 11

Original words

But וְאֶל־ H413 Conjunctive waw | Preposition God הָ֣אֱלֹהִ֔ים H430 Article | Noun - masculine plural did not לֹ֥א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle lay שָׁלַ֖ח H7971 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular His hand יָד֑וֹ H3027 Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular - בְּנֵ֣י H1121 Noun - masculine plural construct on the nobles אֲצִילֵי֙ H678 Noun - masculine plural construct of Israel יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular they saw וַֽיֶּחֱזוּ֙ H2372 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural Him אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker and they ate וַיֹּאכְל֖וּ H398 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural and drank וַיִּשְׁתּֽוּ׃ס H8354 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Verse 12

Original words

Then the LORD יְהוָ֜ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular said וַיֹּ֨אמֶר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular to אֶל־ H413 Preposition Moses מֹשֶׁ֗ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular Come up עֲלֵ֥ה H5927 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular to Me אֵלַ֛י H413 Preposition | first person common singular on the mountain הָהָ֖רָה H2022 Article | Noun - masculine singular | third person feminine singular and stay וֶהְיֵה־ H1961 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular here שָׁ֑ם H8033 Adverb so that I may give וְאֶתְּנָ֨ה H5414 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative - first person common singular you לְךָ֜ Preposition | second person masculine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker the tablets לֻחֹ֣ת H3871 Noun - masculine plural construct of stone הָאֶ֗בֶן H68 Article | Noun - feminine singular with the law וְהַתּוֹרָה֙ H8451 Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - feminine singular and commandments וְהַמִּצְוָ֔ה H4687 Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - feminine singular - אֲשֶׁ֥ר H834 Pronoun - relative I have written כָּתַ֖בְתִּי H3789 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular for their instruction לְהוֹרֹתָֽם׃ H3384 Preposition-l | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct | third person masculine plural
Verse 13

Original words

So Moses מֹשֶׁ֔ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular set out וַיָּ֣קָם H6965 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular with Joshua וִיהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ H3091 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular his attendant מְשָׁרְת֑וֹ H8334 Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular and went up וַיַּ֥עַל H5927 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular . . . מֹשֶׁ֖ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular on אֶל־ H413 Preposition the mountain הַ֥ר H2022 Noun - masculine singular construct of God הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃ H430 Article | Noun - masculine plural
Verse 14

Original words

And וְאֶל־ H413 Conjunctive waw | Preposition he said אָמַר֙ H559 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular to the elders הַזְּקֵנִ֤ים H2205 Article | Adjective - masculine plural Wait שְׁבוּ־ H3427 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural here בָזֶ֔ה H2088 Preposition-b | Pronoun - masculine singular for us לָ֣נוּ Preposition | first person common plural until עַ֥ד H5704 Preposition - אֲשֶׁר־ H834 Pronoun - relative we return נָשׁ֖וּב H7725 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common plural to you אֲלֵיכֶ֑ם H413 Preposition | second person masculine plural Aaron אַהֲרֹ֤ן H175 Noun - proper - masculine singular and Hur וְחוּר֙ H2354 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular are here וְהִנֵּ֨ה H2009 Conjunctive waw | Interjection with you עִמָּכֶ֔ם H5973 Preposition | second person masculine plural Whoever מִי־ H4310 Interrogative . . . בַ֥עַל H1167 Noun - masculine singular construct has a dispute דְּבָרִ֖ים H1697 Noun - masculine plural can go יִגַּ֥שׁ H5066 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular to them אֲלֵהֶֽם׃ H413 Preposition | third person masculine plural
Verse 15

Original words

When Moses מֹשֶׁ֖ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular . . . אֶל־ H413 Preposition went up וַיַּ֥עַל H5927 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular on the mountain הָהָ֑ר H2022 Article | Noun - masculine singular the cloud הֶעָנָ֖ן H6051 Article | Noun - masculine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker covered it וַיְכַ֥ס H3680 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular . . . הָהָֽר׃ H2022 Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 16

Original words

and the glory כְּבוֹד־ H3519 Noun - masculine singular construct of the LORD יְהוָה֙ H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular settled וַיִּשְׁכֹּ֤ן H7931 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular on עַל־ H5921 Preposition Mount הַ֣ר H2022 Noun - masculine singular construct Sinai סִינַ֔י H5514 Noun - proper - feminine singular For six שֵׁ֣שֶׁת H8337 Number - masculine singular construct days יָמִ֑ים H3117 Noun - masculine plural the cloud הֶעָנָ֖ן H6051 Article | Noun - masculine singular covered it וַיְכַסֵּ֥הוּ H3680 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular and on the seventh הַשְּׁבִיעִ֖י H7637 Article | Number - ordinal masculine singular day בַּיּ֥וֹם H3117 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular [the LORD] called וַיִּקְרָ֧א H7121 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular to אֶל־ H413 Preposition Moses מֹשֶׁ֛ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular from within מִתּ֥וֹךְ H8432 Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular construct the cloud הֶעָנָֽן׃ H6051 Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 17

Original words

And the sight וּמַרְאֵה֙ H4758 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct of the glory כְּב֣וֹד H3519 Noun - masculine singular construct of the LORD יְהוָ֔ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular was like a consuming אֹכֶ֖לֶת H398 Verb - Qal - Participle - feminine singular fire כְּאֵ֥שׁ H784 Preposition-k | Noun - common singular on the mountaintop בְּרֹ֣אשׁ H7218 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct . . . הָהָ֑ר H2022 Article | Noun - masculine singular in the eyes לְעֵינֵ֖י H5869 Preposition-l | Noun - cdc vvv בְּנֵ֥י H1121 Noun - masculine plural construct of the Israelites יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular
Verse 18

Original words

Moses מֹשֶׁ֛ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular entered וַיָּבֹ֥א H935 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular . . . בְּת֥וֹךְ H8432 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct the cloud הֶעָנָ֖ן H6051 Article | Noun - masculine singular as he went up וַיַּ֣עַל H5927 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular on אֶל־ H413 Preposition the mountain הָהָ֑ר H2022 Article | Noun - masculine singular and he מֹשֶׁה֙ H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular remained וַיְהִ֤י H1961 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular on the mountain בָּהָ֔ר H2022 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular forty אַרְבָּעִ֣ים H705 Number - common plural days י֔וֹם H3117 Noun - masculine singular and forty וְאַרְבָּעִ֖ים H705 Conjunctive waw | Number - common plural nights לָֽיְלָה׃פ H3915 Noun - masculine singular

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