Focused Passage

Matthew 21:33-46

The King Enters Jerusalem, Judges Fruitless Religion, and Exposes Rejected-Son Leadership

Matthew moves from messianic entry, to temple judgment and healing, to children’s praise and leader indignation, to the prophetic sign of the fig tree, to a challenge over Jesus’ authority, to parables exposing false obedience and murderous stewardship, and finally to Jesus’ declaration that the rejected stone becomes the cornerstone and the kingdom will be given to a fruit-bearing people.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

33 Listen to another parable: There was a landowner who planted a vineyard. He put a wall around it, dug a winepress in it, and built a tower. Then he rented it out to some tenants and went away on a journey.

34 When the harvest time drew near, he sent his servants to the tenants to collect his share of the fruit.

35 But the tenants seized his servants. They beat one, killed another, and stoned a third.

36 Again, he sent other servants, more than the first group. But the tenants did the same to them.

37 Finally, he sent his son to them. ‘They will respect my son,’ he said.

38 But when the tenants saw the son, they said to one another, ‘This is the heir. Come, let us kill him and take his inheritance.’

39 So they seized him and threw him out of the vineyard and killed him.

40 Therefore, when the owner of the vineyard returns, what will he do to those tenants?”

41 “He will bring those wretches to a wretched end,” they replied, “and will rent out the vineyard to other tenants who will give him his share of the fruit at harvest time.”

42 Jesus said to them, “Have you never read in the Scriptures: ‘The stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone. This is from the Lord, and it is marvelous in our eyes’?

43 Therefore I tell you that the kingdom of God will be taken away from you and given to a people who will produce its fruit.

44 He who falls on this stone will be broken to pieces, but he on whom it falls will be crushed.”

45 When the chief priests and Pharisees heard His parables, they knew that Jesus was speaking about them.

46 Although they wanted to arrest Him, they were afraid of the crowds, because the people regarded Him as a prophet.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 33

Original words

Listen to ἀκούσατε G191 Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Plural another Ἄλλην G243 Adjective - Accusative Feminine Singular parable παραβολὴν G3850 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular There was ἦν G1510 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular a landowner Ἄνθρωπος G444 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular . . . οἰκοδεσπότης G3617 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular who ὅστις G3748 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular planted ἐφύτευσεν G5452 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular a vineyard ἀμπελῶνα G290 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular - καὶ G2532 Conjunction He put περιέθηκεν G4060 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular a wall φραγμὸν G5418 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular around it αὐτῷ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular - καὶ G2532 Conjunction dug ὤρυξεν G3736 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular a winepress ληνὸν G3025 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular in ἐν G1722 Preposition it αὐτῷ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction built ᾠκοδόμησεν G3618 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular a tower πύργον G4444 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular Then καὶ G2532 Conjunction he rented it out ἐξέδετο G1554 Verb - Aorist Indicative Middle - 3rd Person Singular . . . αὐτὸν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular to [some] tenants γεωργοῖς G1092 Noun - Dative Masculine Plural and καὶ G2532 Conjunction went away on a journey ἀπεδήμησεν G589 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Verse 34

Original words

- δὲ G1161 Conjunction When Ὅτε G3753 Adverb the G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular harvest time καιρὸς G2540 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular . . . τῶν G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Plural . . . καρπῶν G2590 Noun - Genitive Masculine Plural drew near ἤγγισεν G1448 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular he sent ἀπέστειλεν G649 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular his αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular - τοὺς G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Plural servants δούλους G1401 Noun - Accusative Masculine Plural to πρὸς G4314 Preposition the τοὺς G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Plural tenants γεωργοὺς G1092 Noun - Accusative Masculine Plural to collect λαβεῖν G2983 Verb - Aorist Infinitive Active his αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular - τοὺς G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Plural [share of the] fruit καρποὺς G2590 Noun - Accusative Masculine Plural
Verse 35

Original words

But καὶ G2532 Conjunction the οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural tenants γεωργοὶ G1092 Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural seized λαβόντες G2983 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural his αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular - τοὺς G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Plural servants δούλους G1401 Noun - Accusative Masculine Plural They beat ἔδειραν G1194 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural - μὲν G3303 Conjunction one ὃν G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singular - δὲ G1161 Conjunction killed ἀπέκτειναν G615 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural [another] ὃν G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singular and δὲ G1161 Conjunction stoned ἐλιθοβόλησαν G3036 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural a third ὃν G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Verse 36

Original words

Again Πάλιν G3825 Adverb he sent ἀπέστειλεν G649 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular other ἄλλους G243 Adjective - Accusative Masculine Plural servants δούλους G1401 Noun - Accusative Masculine Plural more πλείονας G4119 Adjective - Accusative Masculine Plural - Comparative than the τῶν G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Plural first [group] πρώτων G4413 Adjective - Genitive Masculine Plural But καὶ G2532 Conjunction [the tenants] did ἐποίησαν G4160 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural the same ὡσαύτως G5615 Adverb to them αὐτοῖς G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural
Verse 37

Original words

vvv δὲ G1161 Conjunction Finally Ὕστερον G5305 Adverb he sent ἀπέστειλεν G649 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular his αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular son υἱὸν G5207 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular to πρὸς G4314 Preposition them αὐτοὺς G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Plural They will respect Ἐντραπήσονται G1788 Verb - Future Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Plural my μου G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Singular - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular son υἱόν G5207 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular he said λέγων G3004 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular
Verse 38

Original words

But when δὲ G1161 Conjunction the Οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural tenants γεωργοὶ G1092 Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural saw ἰδόντες G3708 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural the τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular son υἱὸν G5207 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular they said εἶπον G2036 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural to ἐν G1722 Preposition one another ἑαυτοῖς G1438 Reflexive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural This Οὗτός G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular is ἐστιν G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular the G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular heir κληρονόμος G2818 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular Come δεῦτε G1205 Verb - Imperative - 2nd Person Plural let us kill ἀποκτείνωμεν G615 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 1st Person Plural him αὐτὸν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction take σχῶμεν G2192 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 1st Person Plural his αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular - τὴν G3588 Article - Accusative Feminine Singular inheritance κληρονομίαν G2817 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular
Verse 39

Original words

So καὶ G2532 Conjunction they seized λαβόντες G2983 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural him αὐτὸν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular [and] threw [him] ἐξέβαλον G1544 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural out of ἔξω G1854 Preposition the τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular vineyard ἀμπελῶνος G290 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction killed [him] ἀπέκτειναν G615 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural
Verse 40

Original words

Therefore οὖν G3767 Conjunction when Ὅταν G3752 Conjunction the G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular owner κύριος G2962 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular of the τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular vineyard ἀμπελῶνος G290 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular returns ἔλθῃ G2064 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 3rd Person Singular what τί G5101 Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Singular will he do ποιήσει G4160 Verb - Future Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular to those ἐκείνοις G1565 Demonstrative Pronoun - Dative Masculine Plural - τοῖς G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Plural tenants γεωργοῖς G1092 Noun - Dative Masculine Plural
Verse 41

Original words

He will bring ἀπολέσει G622 Verb - Future Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular those αὐτούς G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Plural wretches Κακοὺς G2556 Adjective - Accusative Masculine Plural {to a} wretched {end} κακῶς G2560 Adverb they replied Λέγουσιν G3004 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural - αὐτῷ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction will rent out ἐκδώσεται G1554 Verb - Future Indicative Middle - 3rd Person Singular the τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular vineyard ἀμπελῶνα G290 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular to other ἄλλοις G243 Adjective - Dative Masculine Plural tenants γεωργοῖς G1092 Noun - Dative Masculine Plural who οἵτινες G3748 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Plural will give ἀποδώσουσιν G591 Verb - Future Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural him αὐτῷ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular [his] τοὺς G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Plural share of the fruit καρποὺς G2590 Noun - Accusative Masculine Plural at ἐν G1722 Preposition - τοῖς G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Plural harvest time καιροῖς G2540 Noun - Dative Masculine Plural . . . αὐτῶν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Plural
Verse 42

Original words

- G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Jesus Ἰησοῦς G2424 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular said Λέγει G3004 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular to them αὐτοῖς G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural vvv Οὐδέποτε G3763 Adverb Have you never read ἀνέγνωτε G314 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 2nd Person Plural in ἐν G1722 Preposition the ταῖς G3588 Article - Dative Feminine Plural Scriptures γραφαῖς G1124 Noun - Dative Feminine Plural [The] stone Λίθον G3037 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular - ὃν G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singular the οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural builders οἰκοδομοῦντες G3618 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural rejected ἀπεδοκίμασαν G593 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural - Οὗτος G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular has become ἐγενήθη G1096 Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular the εἰς G1519 Preposition vvv κεφαλὴν G2776 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular cornerstone γωνίας G1137 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular This αὕτη G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Feminine Singular is ἐγένετο G1096 Verb - Aorist Indicative Middle - 3rd Person Singular from Παρὰ G3844 Preposition [the] Lord Κυρίου G2962 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular and Καὶ G2532 Conjunction it is ἔστιν G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular marvelous θαυμαστὴ G2298 Adjective - Nominative Feminine Singular in ἐν G1722 Preposition our ἡμῶν G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Plural eyes ὀφθαλμοῖς G3788 Noun - Dative Masculine Plural

BSB notes

  • Psalm 118:22–23
Verse 43

Original words

Therefore Διὰ G1223 Preposition . . . τοῦτο G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Singular I tell λέγω G3004 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular you ὑμῖν G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative 2nd Person Plural that ὅτι G3754 Conjunction the G3588 Article - Nominative Feminine Singular kingdom βασιλεία G932 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular - τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular of God Θεοῦ G2316 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular will be taken away ἀρθήσεται G142 Verb - Future Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular from ἀφ’ G575 Preposition you ὑμῶν G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 2nd Person Plural and καὶ G2532 Conjunction given δοθήσεται G1325 Verb - Future Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular to a people ἔθνει G1484 Noun - Dative Neuter Singular who will produce ποιοῦντι G4160 Verb - Present Participle Active - Dative Neuter Singular its αὐτῆς G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Feminine 3rd Person Singular - τοὺς G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Plural fruit καρποὺς G2590 Noun - Accusative Masculine Plural
Verse 44

Original words

- καὶ G2532 Conjunction He who G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular falls πεσὼν G4098 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular on ἐπὶ G1909 Preposition this τοῦτον G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singular - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular stone λίθον G3037 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular will be broken to pieces συνθλασθήσεται G4917 Verb - Future Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular but δ’ G1161 Conjunction he ὃν G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singular on whom ἐφ’ G1909 Preposition - ἂν G302 Particle it falls πέσῃ G4098 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 3rd Person Singular will be crushed λικμήσει G3039 Verb - Future Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular . . . αὐτόν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular

BSB notes

  • Tischendorf and some early manuscripts do not include verse 44; see also Luke 20:18.
Verse 45

Original words

When Καὶ G2532 Conjunction the οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural chief priests ἀρχιερεῖς G749 Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural and καὶ G2532 Conjunction - οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural Pharisees Φαρισαῖοι G5330 Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural heard ἀκούσαντες G191 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural His αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular - τὰς G3588 Article - Accusative Feminine Plural parables παραβολὰς G3850 Noun - Accusative Feminine Plural they knew ἔγνωσαν G1097 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural that ὅτι G3754 Conjunction [Jesus] was speaking λέγει G3004 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular about περὶ G4012 Preposition them αὐτῶν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Plural
Verse 46

Original words

Although καὶ G2532 Conjunction they wanted ζητοῦντες G2212 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural to arrest κρατῆσαι G2902 Verb - Aorist Infinitive Active Him αὐτὸν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular they were afraid ἐφοβήθησαν G5399 Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Plural of the τοὺς G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Plural crowds ὄχλους G3793 Noun - Accusative Masculine Plural because ἐπεὶ G1893 Conjunction [the people] regarded εἶχον G2192 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural Him αὐτὸν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular as εἰς G1519 Preposition a prophet προφήτην G4396 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.