Focused Passage

Galatians 4:12-20

No Longer Slaves: Sonship, Pastoral Anguish, and Children of Promise

Paul moves from the temporary minority of heirs under guardians, to redemption and adoption through God's sent Son, to the Spirit's cry of sonship, then to pastoral anguish over the Galatians' regression, and finally to the contrast between slavery and promise through Hagar and Sarah.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

12 I beg you, brothers, become like me, for I became like you. You have done me no wrong.

13 You know that it was because of an illness that I first preached the gospel to you.

14 And although my illness was a trial to you, you did not despise or reject me. Instead, you welcomed me as if I were an angel of God, as if I were Christ Jesus Himself.

15 What then has become of your blessing? For I can testify that, if it were possible, you would have torn out your eyes and given them to me.

16 Have I now become your enemy by telling you the truth?

17 Those people are zealous for you, but not in a good way. Instead, they want to isolate you from us, so that you may be zealous for them.

18 Nevertheless, it is good to be zealous if it serves a noble purpose—at any time, and not only when I am with you.

19 My children, for whom I am again in the pains of childbirth until Christ is formed in you,

20 how I wish I could be with you now and change my tone, because I am perplexed about you.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 12

Original words

I beg δέομαι G1189 Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 1st Person Singular you ὑμῶν G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 2nd Person Plural brothers ἀδελφοί G80 Noun - Vocative Masculine Plural become Γίνεσθε G1096 Verb - Present Imperative Middle or Passive - 2nd Person Plural like ὡς G5613 Adverb me ἐγώ G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person Singular for ὅτι G3754 Conjunction I became κἀγὼ G2504 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person Singular like ὡς G5613 Adverb you ὑμεῖς G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 2nd Person Plural You have done me no wrong ἠδικήσατε G91 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 2nd Person Plural . . . με G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 1st Person Singular . . . οὐδέν G3762 Adjective - Accusative Neuter Singular
Verse 13

Original words

- δὲ G1161 Conjunction You know Οἴδατε G1492 Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 2nd Person Plural that ὅτι G3754 Conjunction it was because of δι’ G1223 Preposition an illness ἀσθένειαν G769 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular . . . τῆς G3588 Article - Genitive Feminine Singular . . . σαρκὸς G4561 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular [that] I first preached the gospel εὐηγγελισάμην G2097 Verb - Aorist Indicative Middle - 1st Person Singular . . . τὸ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Singular . . . πρότερον G4386 Adjective - Accusative Neuter Singular - Comparative to you ὑμῖν G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative 2nd Person Plural
Verse 14

Original words

And καὶ G2532 Conjunction [although] ἐν G1722 Preposition - τῇ G3588 Article - Dative Feminine Singular my μου G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Singular [illness] σαρκί G4561 Noun - Dative Feminine Singular - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular [was a] trial πειρασμὸν G3986 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular to you ὑμῶν G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 2nd Person Plural vvv οὐκ G3756 Adverb you did not despise ἐξουθενήσατε G1848 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 2nd Person Plural [or] οὐδὲ G3761 Conjunction reject [me] ἐξεπτύσατε G1609 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 2nd Person Plural Instead ἀλλὰ G235 Conjunction you welcomed ἐδέξασθέ G1209 Verb - Aorist Indicative Middle - 2nd Person Plural me με G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 1st Person Singular as if [I were] ὡς G5613 Adverb an angel ἄγγελον G32 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular of God Θεοῦ G2316 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular as if [I were] ὡς G5613 Adverb Christ Χριστὸν G5547 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular Jesus [Himself] Ἰησοῦν G2424 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Verse 15

Original words

What ποῦ G4226 Adverb then [has become] οὖν G3767 Conjunction of your ὑμῶν G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 2nd Person Plural - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular blessing μακαρισμὸς G3108 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular For γὰρ G1063 Conjunction I can testify μαρτυρῶ G3140 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular - ὑμῖν G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative 2nd Person Plural that ὅτι G3754 Conjunction if εἰ G1487 Conjunction [it were] possible δυνατὸν G1415 Adjective - Nominative Neuter Singular you would have torn out ἐξορύξαντες G1846 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural your ὑμῶν G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 2nd Person Plural - τοὺς G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Plural eyes ὀφθαλμοὺς G3788 Noun - Accusative Masculine Plural [and] given [them] ἐδώκατέ G1325 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 2nd Person Plural to me μοι G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative 1st Person Singular
Verse 16

Original words

vvv ὥστε G5620 Conjunction Have I now become γέγονα G1096 Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular your ὑμῶν G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 2nd Person Plural enemy ἐχθρὸς G2190 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular [by] telling you the truth ἀληθεύων G226 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular . . . ὑμῖν G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative 2nd Person Plural
Verse 17

Original words

[Those people] are zealous for you Ζηλοῦσιν G2206 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural . . . ὑμᾶς G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 2nd Person Plural [but] not οὐ G3756 Adverb in a good way καλῶς G2573 Adverb Instead ἀλλὰ G235 Conjunction they want θέλουσιν G2309 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural to isolate ἐκκλεῖσαι G1576 Verb - Aorist Infinitive Active you [from us] ὑμᾶς G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 2nd Person Plural so that ἵνα G2443 Conjunction you may be zealous ζηλοῦτε G2206 Verb - Present Subjunctive Active - 2nd Person Plural for them αὐτοὺς G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Plural
Verse 18

Original words

Nevertheless δὲ G1161 Conjunction [it is] good καλὸν G2570 Adjective - Nominative Neuter Singular to be zealous ζηλοῦσθαι G2206 Verb - Present Infinitive Middle or Passive if it serves ἐν G1722 Preposition a noble [purpose] καλῷ G2570 Adjective - Dative Neuter Singular at any time πάντοτε G3842 Adverb and καὶ G2532 Conjunction not μὴ G3361 Adverb only μόνον G3440 Adverb when ἐν G1722 Preposition I am με G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 1st Person Singular - τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Neuter Singular vvv παρεῖναί G3918 Verb - Present Infinitive Active with πρὸς G4314 Preposition you ὑμᾶς G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 2nd Person Plural
Verse 19

Original words

My μου G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Singular children Τέκνα G5043 Noun - Vocative Neuter Plural for whom οὓς G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Plural I am again πάλιν G3825 Adverb in the pains of childbirth ὠδίνω G5605 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular until μέχρις G3360 Preposition - οὗ G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Genitive Masculine Singular Christ Χριστὸς G5547 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular is formed μορφωθῇ G3445 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Passive - 3rd Person Singular in ἐν G1722 Preposition you ὑμῖν G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative 2nd Person Plural
Verse 20

Original words

[how] δὲ G1161 Conjunction I wish ἤθελον G2309 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular I could be παρεῖναι G3918 Verb - Present Infinitive Active with πρὸς G4314 Preposition you ὑμᾶς G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 2nd Person Plural now ἄρτι G737 Adverb and καὶ G2532 Conjunction change ἀλλάξαι G236 Verb - Aorist Infinitive Active my μου G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Singular - τὴν G3588 Article - Accusative Feminine Singular tone φωνήν G5456 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular because ὅτι G3754 Conjunction I am perplexed ἀποροῦμαι G639 Verb - Present Indicative Middle - 1st Person Singular about ἐν G1722 Preposition you ὑμῖν G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative 2nd Person Plural

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.