Focused Passage

Jeremiah 46:1-12

Egypt Judged: The LORD of Armies Rules the Nations

The chapter moves from the heading over the nations, to Egypt's defeat at Carchemish, to the LORD's interpretation of that defeat as his day of vengeance, to the announcement of Babylon's coming invasion of Egypt, and finally to comfort for Jacob amid the judgment of the nations.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1 This is the word of the LORD about the nations—the word that came to Jeremiah the prophet

2 concerning Egypt and the army of Pharaoh Neco king of Egypt, which was defeated at Carchemish on the Euphrates River by Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon in the fourth year of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah king of Judah:

3 “Deploy your shields, small and large; advance for battle!

4 Harness the horses; mount the steeds; take your positions with helmets on! Polish your spears; put on armor!

5 Why am I seeing this? They are terrified, they are retreating; their warriors are defeated, they flee in haste without looking back; terror is on every side!” declares the LORD.

6 “The swift cannot flee, and the warrior cannot escape! In the north by the River Euphrates they stumble and fall.

7 Who is this, rising like the Nile, like rivers whose waters churn?

8 Egypt rises like the Nile, and its waters churn like rivers, boasting, ‘I will rise and cover the earth; I will destroy the cities and their people.’

9 Advance, O horses! Race furiously, O chariots! Let the warriors come forth—Cush and Put carrying their shields, men of Lydia drawing the bow.

10 For that day belongs to the Lord GOD of Hosts, a day of vengeance against His foes. The sword will devour until it is satisfied, until it is quenched with their blood. For the Lord GOD of Hosts will hold a sacrifice in the land of the north by the River Euphrates.

11 Go up to Gilead for balm, O Virgin Daughter of Egypt! In vain you try many remedies, but for you there is no healing.

12 The nations have heard of your shame, and your outcry fills the earth, because warrior stumbles over warrior and both of them have fallen together.”

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Original words

[This is] the word דְבַר־ H1697 Noun - masculine singular construct of the LORD יְהוָ֛ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular about עַל־ H5921 Preposition the nations הַגּוֹיִֽם׃ H1471 Article | Noun - masculine plural [the word] that אֲשֶׁ֨ר H834 Pronoun - relative came הָיָ֧ה H1961 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular to אֶל־ H413 Preposition Jeremiah יִרְמְיָ֥הוּ H3414 Noun - proper - masculine singular the prophet הַנָּבִ֖יא H5030 Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 2

Original words

concerning עַל־ H5921 Preposition Egypt לְמִצְרַ֗יִם H4714 Preposition-l | Noun - proper - feminine singular [and] the army חֵ֨יל H2428 Noun - masculine singular construct of Pharaoh פַּרְעֹ֤ה H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular Neco נְכוֹ֙ H5224 Noun - proper - masculine singular king מֶ֣לֶךְ H4428 Noun - masculine singular construct of Egypt מִצְרַ֔יִם H4714 Noun - proper - feminine singular which אֲשֶׁר־ H834 Pronoun - relative . . . הָיָ֥ה H1961 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular . . . עַל־ H5921 Preposition was defeated הִכָּ֗ה H5221 Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular at Carchemish בְּכַרְכְּמִ֑שׁ H3751 Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singular - אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834 Pronoun - relative on the Euphrates פְּרָ֖ת H6578 Noun - proper - feminine singular River נְהַר־ H5104 Noun - masculine singular construct by Nebuchadnezzar נְבֽוּכַדְרֶאצַּר֙ H5019 Noun - proper - masculine singular king מֶ֣לֶךְ H4428 Noun - masculine singular construct of Babylon בָּבֶ֔ל H894 Noun - proper - feminine singular in the fourth הָֽרְבִיעִ֔ית H7243 Article | Number - ordinal feminine singular year בִּשְׁנַת֙ H8141 Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct of Jehoiakim לִיהוֹיָקִ֥ים H3079 Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular the son בֶּן־ H1121 Noun - masculine singular construct of Josiah יֹאשִׁיָּ֖הוּ H2977 Noun - proper - masculine singular king מֶ֥לֶךְ H4428 Noun - masculine singular construct of Judah יְהוּדָֽה׃ H3063 Noun - proper - masculine singular
Verse 3

Original words

Deploy עִרְכ֤וּ H6186 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural your shields, small מָגֵן֙ H4043 Noun - common singular and large וְצִנָּ֔ה H6793 Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular advance וּגְשׁ֖וּ H5066 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural for battle לַמִּלְחָמָֽה׃ H4421 Preposition-l, Article | Noun - feminine singular
Verse 4

Original words

Harness אִסְר֣וּ H631 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural the horses הַסּוּסִ֗ים H5483 Article | Noun - masculine plural mount וַֽעֲלוּ֙ H5927 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural the steeds הַפָּ֣רָשִׁ֔ים H6571 Article | Noun - masculine plural take your positions וְהִֽתְיַצְּב֖וּ H3320 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hitpael - Imperative - masculine plural with helmets on בְּכ֥וֹבָעִ֑ים H3553 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine plural Polish מִרְקוּ֙ H4838 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural your spears הָֽרְמָחִ֔ים H7420 Article | Noun - masculine plural put on לִבְשׁ֖וּ H3847 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural armor הַסִּרְיֹנֹֽת׃ H5630 Article | Noun - masculine plural
Verse 5

Original words

Why מַדּ֣וּעַ H4069 Interrogative am I seeing this? רָאִ֗יתִי H7200 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular They הֵ֣מָּה H1992 Pronoun - third person masculine plural are terrified חַתִּים֮ H2844 Adjective - masculine plural they are retreating נְסֹגִ֣ים H5472 Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine plural . . . אָחוֹר֒ H268 Noun - masculine singular their warriors וְגִבּוֹרֵיהֶ֣ם H1368 Conjunctive waw | Adjective - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural are defeated יֻכַּ֔תּוּ H3807 Verb - Hofal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural they flee וּמָנ֥וֹס H4498 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular in haste נָ֖סוּ H5127 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural without וְלֹ֣א H3808 Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle looking back הִפְנ֑וּ H6437 Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person common plural terror מָג֥וֹר H4032 Noun - masculine singular is on every side מִסָּבִ֖יב H5439 Preposition-m | Adverb declares נְאֻם־ H5002 Noun - masculine singular construct the LORD יְהוָֽה׃ H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular
Verse 6

Original words

The swift הַקַּ֔ל H7031 Article | Adjective - masculine singular cannot אַל־ H408 Adverb flee יָנ֣וּס H5127 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular and the warrior הַגִּבּ֑וֹר H1368 Article | Adjective - masculine singular cannot וְאַל־ H408 Conjunctive waw | Adverb escape יִמָּלֵ֖ט H4422 Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular In the north צָפ֙וֹנָה֙ H6828 Noun - feminine singular | third person feminine singular by עַל־ H5921 Preposition . . . יַ֣ד H3027 Noun - feminine singular construct the River נְהַר־ H5104 Noun - masculine singular construct Euphrates פְּרָ֔ת H6578 Noun - proper - feminine singular they stumble כָּשְׁל֖וּ H3782 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural and fall וְנָפָֽלוּ׃ H5307 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural
Verse 7

Original words

Who מִי־ H4310 Interrogative is this זֶ֖ה H2088 Pronoun - masculine singular rising יַֽעֲלֶ֑ה H5927 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular like the Nile כַּיְאֹ֣ר H2975 Preposition-k, Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular like rivers כַּנְּהָר֕וֹת H5104 Preposition-k, Article | Noun - masculine plural whose waters מֵימָֽיו׃ H4325 Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular churn יִֽתְגָּעֲשׁ֖וּ H1607 Verb - Hitpael - Imperfect - third person masculine plural
Verse 8

Original words

Egypt מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ H4714 Noun - proper - feminine singular rises יַֽעֲלֶ֔ה H5927 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular like the Nile כַּיְאֹ֣ר H2975 Preposition-k, Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular and its waters מָ֑יִם H4325 Noun - masculine plural churn יִתְגֹּ֣עֲשׁוּ H1607 Verb - Hitpael - Imperfect - third person masculine plural like rivers וְכַנְּהָר֖וֹת H5104 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-k, Article | Noun - masculine plural boasting וַיֹּ֗אמֶר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular I will rise אַֽעֲלֶה֙ H5927 Verb - Qal - Imperfect Cohortative if contextual - first person common singular and cover אֲכַסֶּה־ H3680 Verb - Piel - Imperfect Cohortative if contextual - first person common singular the earth אֶ֔רֶץ H776 Noun - feminine singular I will destroy אֹבִ֥ידָה H6 Verb - Hifil - Imperfect Cohortative - first person common singular the cities עִ֖יר H5892 Noun - feminine singular and their people וְיֹ֥שְׁבֵי H3427 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct
Verse 9

Original words

Advance עֲל֤וּ H5927 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural O horses הַסּוּסִים֙ H5483 Article | Noun - masculine plural Race furiously וְהִתְהֹלְל֣וּ H1984 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hitpael - Imperative - masculine plural O chariots הָרֶ֔כֶב H7393 Article | Noun - masculine singular Let the warriors הַגִּבּוֹרִ֑ים H1368 Article | Adjective - masculine plural come forth וְיֵצְא֖וּ H3318 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine plural Cush כּ֤וּשׁ H3568 Noun - proper - feminine singular and Put וּפוּט֙ H6316 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - feminine singular carrying תֹּפְשֵׂ֣י H8610 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct their shields מָגֵ֔ן H4043 Noun - common singular men of Lydia וְלוּדִ֕ים H3866 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine plural vvv תֹּפְשֵׂ֖י H8610 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct drawing דֹּ֥רְכֵי H1869 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct the bow קָֽשֶׁת׃ H7198 Noun - feminine singular

BSB notes

  • That is, the upper Nile region
Verse 10

Original words

For that הַה֜וּא H1931 Article | Pronoun - third person masculine singular day [belongs] וְֽהַיּ֨וֹם H3117 Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - masculine singular to the Lord לַאדֹנָ֧י H136 Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular GOD יְהוִ֣ה H3069 Noun - proper - masculine singular of Hosts צְבָא֗וֹת H6635 Noun - common plural a day י֤וֹם H3117 Noun - masculine singular construct of vengeance נְקָמָה֙ H5360 Noun - feminine singular against לְהִנָּקֵ֣ם H5358 Preposition-l | Verb - Nifal - Infinitive construct His foes מִצָּרָ֔יו H6862 Preposition-m | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular The sword חֶ֙רֶב֙ H2719 Noun - feminine singular will devour וְאָכְלָ֥ה H398 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person feminine singular until it is satisfied וְשָׂ֣בְעָ֔ה H7646 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person feminine singular until it is quenched וְרָוְתָ֖ה H7301 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person feminine singular with their blood מִדָּמָ֑ם H1818 Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine plural For כִּ֣י H3588 Conjunction the Lord לַאדֹנָ֨י H136 Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular GOD יְהוִ֧ה H3069 Noun - proper - masculine singular of Hosts צְבָא֛וֹת H6635 Noun - common plural will hold a sacrifice זֶ֠בַח H2077 Noun - masculine singular in the land בְּאֶ֥רֶץ H776 Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct of the north צָפ֖וֹן H6828 Noun - feminine singular by אֶל־ H413 Preposition the River נְהַר־ H5104 Noun - masculine singular construct Euphrates פְּרָֽת׃ H6578 Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 11

Original words

Go up עֲלִ֤י H5927 Verb - Qal - Imperative - feminine singular to Gilead גִלְעָד֙ H1568 Noun - proper - feminine singular [for] וּקְחִ֣י H3947 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - feminine singular balm צֳרִ֔י H6875 Noun - masculine singular O Virgin בְּתוּלַ֖ת H1330 Noun - feminine singular construct Daughter בַּת־ H1323 Noun - feminine singular construct of Egypt מִצְרָ֑יִם H4714 Noun - proper - feminine singular In vain לַשָּׁוְא֙ H7723 Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular you try many הִרְבֵּיתִי H7235 Verb - Hifil - Perfect - second person feminine singular remedies רְפֻא֔וֹת H7499 Noun - feminine plural [but] for you לָֽךְ׃ Preposition | second person feminine singular there is no אֵ֥ין H369 Adverb healing תְּעָלָ֖ה H8585 Noun - feminine singular
Verse 12

Original words

The nations גוֹיִם֙ H1471 Noun - masculine plural have heard שָׁמְע֤וּ H8085 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural of your shame קְלוֹנֵ֔ךְ H7036 Noun - masculine singular construct | second person feminine singular and your outcry וְצִוְחָתֵ֖ךְ H6682 Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular construct | second person feminine singular fills מָלְאָ֣ה H4390 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular the earth הָאָ֑רֶץ H776 Article | Noun - feminine singular because כִּֽי־ H3588 Conjunction warrior גִבּ֤וֹר H1368 Adjective - masculine singular stumbles כָּשָׁ֔לוּ H3782 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural over warrior בְּגִבּוֹר֙ H1368 Preposition-b | Adjective - masculine singular and both שְׁנֵיהֶֽם׃פ H8147 Number - masculine dual construct | third person masculine plural of them have fallen נָפְל֥וּ H5307 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural together יַחְדָּ֖יו H3162 Adverb

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.