Focused Passage

John 2:1-12

The First Sign, the True Temple, and the Glory of Jesus Revealed

Jesus reveals his glory in the first sign at Cana, confronts corrupt temple worship in Jerusalem, and points to his own death and resurrection as the true temple fulfillment.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1On the third day a wedding took place at Cana in Galilee. Jesus’ mother was there,

2and Jesus and His disciples had also been invited to the wedding.

3When the wine ran out, Jesus’ mother said to Him, “They have no more wine.”

4“Woman, what is that to you and to Me?” Jesus replied. “My hour has not yet come.”

5His mother said to the servants, “Do whatever He tells you.”

6Now six stone water jars had been set there for the Jewish rites of purification. Each could hold from twenty to thirty gallons.

7Jesus told the servants, “Fill the jars with water.” So they filled them to the brim.

8“Now draw some out,” He said, “and take it to the master of the banquet.” They did so,

9and the master of the banquet tasted the water that had been turned into wine. He did not know where it was from, but the servants who had drawn the water knew. Then he called the bridegroom aside

10and said, “Everyone serves the fine wine first, and then the cheap wine after the guests are drunk. But you have saved the fine wine until now!”

11Jesus performed this, the first of His signs, at Cana in Galilee. He thus revealed His glory, and His disciples believed in Him.

12After this, He went down to Capernaum with His mother and brothers and His disciples, and they stayed there a few days.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Original words

-ΚαὶG2532ConjunctionOn theτῇG3588Article - Dative Feminine Singular-τῇG3588Article - Dative Feminine SingularthirdτρίτῃG5154Adjective - Dative Feminine SingulardayἡμέρᾳG2250Noun - Dative Feminine Singulara weddingγάμοςG1062Noun - Nominative Masculine Singulartook placeἐγένετοG1096Verb - Aorist Indicative Middle - 3rd Person SingularatἐνG1722PrepositionCanaΚανὰG2580Noun - Dative Feminine Singular-τῆςG3588Article - Genitive Feminine Singularin GalileeΓαλιλαίαςG1056Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular-καὶG2532Conjunction-τοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine SingularJesus’ἸησοῦG2424Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular-G3588Article - Nominative Feminine SingularmotherμήτηρG3384Noun - Nominative Feminine SingularwasἦνG1510Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularthereἐκεῖG1563Adverb
Verse 2

Original words

andδὲG1161Conjunction-G3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularJesusἸησοῦςG2424Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctionHisαὐτοῦG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular-οἱG3588Article - Nominative Masculine PluraldisciplesμαθηταὶG3101Noun - Nominative Masculine Pluralhad also been invitedἐκλήθηG2564Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular. . .καὶG2532ConjunctiontoεἰςG1519PrepositiontheτὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine SingularweddingγάμονG1062Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Verse 3

Original words

WhenκαὶG2532Conjunction[the] wineοἴνουG3631Noun - Genitive Masculine Singularran outὑστερήσαντοςG5302Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Genitive Masculine Singular-G3588Article - Nominative Feminine Singular-τοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine SingularJesus’ἸησοῦG2424Noun - Genitive Masculine SingularmotherμήτηρG3384Noun - Nominative Feminine SingularsaidλέγειG3004Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingulartoπρὸςG4314PrepositionHimαὐτόνG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person SingularThey haveἔχουσινG2192Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Pluralno moreοὐκG3756AdverbwineΟἶνονG3631Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Verse 4

Original words

WomanγύναιG1135Noun - Vocative Feminine Singularwhat [is that]ΤίG5101Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Nominative Neuter Singularto youσοίG4771Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative 2nd Person SingularandκαὶG2532Conjunctionto MeἐμοὶG1473Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative 1st Person Singular-ΚαὶG2532Conjunction-G3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularJesusἸησοῦςG2424Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularrepliedλέγειG3004Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular-αὐτῇG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Feminine 3rd Person SingularMyμουG1473Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Singular-G3588Article - Nominative Feminine SingularhourὥραG5610Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular{has} not yetοὔπωG3768AdverbcomeἥκειG2240Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Verse 5

Original words

HisαὐτοῦG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular-G3588Article - Nominative Feminine SingularmotherμήτηρG3384Noun - Nominative Feminine Singularsaid toΛέγειG3004Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingulartheτοῖςG3588Article - Dative Masculine PluralservantsδιακόνοιςG1249Noun - Dative Masculine PluralDoποιήσατεG4160Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person PluralwhateverG3739Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Singular. . .τιG5100Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Singular. . .ἂνG302IndecHe tellsλέγῃG3004Verb - Present Subjunctive Active - 3rd Person SingularyouὑμῖνG4771Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative 2nd Person Plural
Verse 6

Original words

NowδὲG1161ConjunctionsixἓξG1803Adjective - Nominative Feminine PluralstoneλίθιναιG3035Adjective - Nominative Feminine Pluralwater jarsὑδρίαιG5201Noun - Nominative Feminine Pluralhad beenἮσανG1510Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person PluralsetκείμεναιG2749Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Feminine PluralthereἐκεῖG1563AdverbforκατὰG2596PrepositiontheτῶνG3588Article - Genitive Masculine PluralJewishἸουδαίωνG2453Adjective - Genitive Masculine Plural-τὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine Singular[rites of] purificationκαθαρισμὸνG2512Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular[Each] could holdχωροῦσαιG5562Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Feminine PluralfromἀνὰG303Adverbtwenty to thirty gallonsδύοG1417Adjective - Accusative Masculine Plural. . .G2228Conjunction. . .τρεῖςG5140Adjective - Accusative Masculine Plural. . .μετρητὰςG3355Noun - Accusative Masculine Plural

BSB notes

  • Greek two or three metretae; that is, approximately 20.8 to 31.2 gallons (78.8 to 118.1 liters)
Verse 7

Original words

JesusἸησοῦςG2424Noun - Nominative Masculine SingulartoldλέγειG3004Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular[the servants]αὐτοῖςG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural-G3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularFillΓεμίσατεG1072Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person PluraltheτὰςG3588Article - Accusative Feminine PluraljarsὑδρίαςG5201Noun - Accusative Feminine Pluralwith waterὕδατοςG5204Noun - Genitive Neuter SingularSoΚαὶG2532Conjunctionthey filledἐγέμισανG1072Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person PluralthemαὐτὰςG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Feminine 3rd Person PluraltoἕωςG2193Preposition[the] brimἄνωG507Adverb
Verse 8

Original words

NowνῦνG3568Adverbdraw [some] outἈντλήσατεG501Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Plural-ΚαὶG2532ConjunctionHe saidλέγειG3004Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular-αὐτοῖςG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person PluralandκαὶG2532Conjunctiontake [it]φέρετεG5342Verb - Present Imperative Active - 2nd Person Pluralto theτῷG3588Article - Dative Masculine Singularmaster of the banquetἀρχιτρικλίνῳG755Noun - Dative Masculine Singular-ΟἱG3588Article - Nominative Masculine Plural-δὲG1161ConjunctionThey [did so]ἤνεγκανG5342Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural
Verse 9

Original words

andδὲG1161Conjunction-ὡςG5613AdverbtheG3588Article - Nominative Masculine Singularmaster of the banquetἀρχιτρίκλινοςG755Noun - Nominative Masculine SingulartastedἐγεύσατοG1089Verb - Aorist Indicative Middle - 3rd Person SingulartheτὸG3588Article - Accusative Neuter SingularwaterὕδωρG5204Noun - Accusative Neuter Singularthat had been turned intoγεγενημένονG1096Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Accusative Neuter SingularwineοἶνονG3631Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular-καὶG2532ConjunctionvvvοὐκG3756AdverbHe did not knowᾔδειG1492Verb - Pluperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularwhereπόθενG4159Adverbit was {from}ἐστίνG1510Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularbutδὲG1161ConjunctiontheοἱG3588Article - Nominative Masculine PluralservantsδιάκονοιG1249Noun - Nominative Masculine PluralwhoοἱG3588Article - Nominative Masculine Pluralhad drawnἠντληκότεςG501Verb - Perfect Participle Active - Nominative Masculine PluraltheτὸG3588Article - Accusative Neuter SingularwaterὕδωρG5204Noun - Accusative Neuter SingularknewᾔδεισανG1492Verb - Pluperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person PluralThenG3588Article - Nominative Masculine Singular[he]ἀρχιτρίκλινοςG755Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularcalledφωνεῖG5455Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingulartheτὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine Singularbridegroom [aside]νυμφίονG3566Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Verse 10

Original words

andκαὶG2532ConjunctionsaidλέγειG3004Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular-αὐτῷG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person SingularEveryoneΠᾶςG3956Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular-ἄνθρωποςG444Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularservesτίθησινG5087Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingulartheτὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine SingularfineκαλὸνG2570Adjective - Accusative Masculine SingularwineοἶνονG3631Noun - Accusative Masculine SingularfirstπρῶτονG4412Adverb - Superlativeand thenκαὶG2532ConjunctiontheτὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine Singularcheap [wine]ἐλάσσωG1640Adjective - Accusative Masculine Singular - ComparativeafterὅτανG3752Conjunction[the guests] are drunkμεθυσθῶσινG3184Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Passive - 3rd Person Plural[But] youσὺG4771Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 2nd Person Singularhave savedτετήρηκαςG5083Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 2nd Person SingulartheτὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine SingularfineκαλὸνG2570Adjective - Accusative Masculine SingularwineοἶνονG3631Noun - Accusative Masculine SingularuntilἕωςG2193PrepositionnowἄρτιG737Adverb
Verse 11

Original words

JesusἸησοῦςG2424Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularperformedἐποίησενG4160Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularthisΤαύτηνG3778Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Feminine Singularthe firstἀρχὴνG746Noun - Accusative Feminine Singularof HisτῶνG3588Article - Genitive Neuter PluralsignsσημείωνG4592Noun - Genitive Neuter Plural-G3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularatἐνG1722PrepositionCanaΚανὰG2580Noun - Dative Feminine Singular-τῆςG3588Article - Genitive Feminine Singularin GalileeΓαλιλαίαςG1056Noun - Genitive Feminine SingularHe thusκαὶG2532ConjunctionrevealedἐφανέρωσενG5319Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular-τὴνG3588Article - Accusative Feminine SingularHisαὐτοῦG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person SingulargloryδόξανG1391Noun - Accusative Feminine SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctionHisαὐτοῦG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular-οἱG3588Article - Nominative Masculine PluraldisciplesμαθηταὶG3101Noun - Nominative Masculine PluralbelievedἐπίστευσανG4100Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person PluralinεἰςG1519PrepositionHimαὐτὸνG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular
Verse 12

Original words

AfterΜετὰG3326PrepositionthisτοῦτοG3778Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Neuter SingularHe went downκατέβηG2597Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingulartoεἰςG1519PrepositionCapernaumΚαφαρναοὺμG2584Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular-αὐτὸςG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative Masculine 3rd Person Singular[with]καὶG2532Conjunction-G3588Article - Nominative Feminine SingularHisαὐτοῦG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person SingularmotherμήτηρG3384Noun - Nominative Feminine SingularandκαὶG2532Conjunction-οἱG3588Article - Nominative Masculine Plural-αὐτοῦG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person SingularbrothersἀδελφοὶG80Noun - Nominative Masculine PluralandκαὶG2532Conjunction-οἱG3588Article - Nominative Masculine PluralHisαὐτοῦG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person SingulardisciplesμαθηταὶG3101Noun - Nominative Masculine PluralandκαὶG2532Conjunctionthey stayedἔμεινανG3306Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person PluralthereἐκεῖG1563AdverbvvvοὐG3756Adverba fewπολλὰςG4183Adjective - Accusative Feminine PluraldaysἡμέραςG2250Noun - Accusative Feminine Plural

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.