Focused Passage

Luke 20:9-19

The Rejected Son, the Questioned Authority, and the Lord Who Silences His Opponents

Jesus answers the leaders’ challenge to his authority, exposes their rejection of God’s beloved Son through the tenant parable, silences attempts to trap him politically and theologically, reveals the Messiah as David’s Lord, and warns against religious teachers who use piety for status and exploitation.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

9 Then He proceeded to tell the people this parable: “A man planted a vineyard, rented it out to some tenants, and went away for a long time.

10 At harvest time, he sent a servant to the tenants to collect his share of the fruit of the vineyard. But the tenants beat the servant and sent him away empty-handed.

11 So he sent another servant, but they beat him and treated him shamefully, sending him away empty-handed.

12 Then he sent a third, but they wounded him and threw him out.

13 ‘What shall I do?’ asked the owner of the vineyard. ‘I will send my beloved son. Perhaps they will respect him.’

14 But when the tenants saw the son, they discussed it among themselves and said, ‘This is the heir. Let us kill him, and the inheritance will be ours.’

15 So they threw him out of the vineyard and killed him. What then will the owner of the vineyard do to them?

16 He will come and kill those tenants and give the vineyard to others.” And when the people heard this, they said, “May such a thing never happen!”

17 But Jesus looked directly at them and said, “Then what is the meaning of that which is written: ‘The stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone’?

18 Everyone who falls on this stone will be broken to pieces, but he on whom it falls will be crushed.”

19 When the scribes and chief priests realized that Jesus had spoken this parable against them, they sought to arrest Him that very hour. But they were afraid of the people.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 9

Original words

Then δὲ G1161 Conjunction He proceeded Ἤρξατο G756 Verb - Aorist Indicative Middle - 3rd Person Singular to tell λέγειν G3004 Verb - Present Infinitive Active - πρὸς G4314 Preposition the τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular people λαὸν G2992 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular this ταύτην G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Feminine Singular - τὴν G3588 Article - Accusative Feminine Singular parable παραβολὴν G3850 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular A τις G5100 Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular man Ἄνθρωπος G444 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular planted ἐφύτευσεν G5452 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular a vineyard ἀμπελῶνα G290 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular - καὶ G2532 Conjunction rented ἐξέδετο G1554 Verb - Aorist Indicative Middle - 3rd Person Singular it {out} αὐτὸν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular to [some] tenants γεωργοῖς G1092 Noun - Dative Masculine Plural and καὶ G2532 Conjunction went away ἀπεδήμησεν G589 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular for a long ἱκανούς G2425 Adjective - Accusative Masculine Plural time χρόνους G5550 Noun - Accusative Masculine Plural
Verse 10

Original words

- καὶ G2532 Conjunction At harvest time καιρῷ G2540 Noun - Dative Masculine Singular he sent ἀπέστειλεν G649 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular a servant δοῦλον G1401 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular to πρὸς G4314 Preposition the τοὺς G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Plural tenants γεωργοὺς G1092 Noun - Accusative Masculine Plural to ἵνα G2443 Conjunction collect δώσουσιν G1325 Verb - Future Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural . . . αὐτῷ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular [his share] ἀπὸ G575 Preposition of the τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular fruit καρποῦ G2590 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular of the τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular vineyard ἀμπελῶνος G290 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular But δὲ G1161 Conjunction the οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural tenants γεωργοὶ G1092 Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural beat [the servant] δείραντες G1194 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural [and] sent him away ἐξαπέστειλαν G1821 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural . . . αὐτὸν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular empty-handed κενόν G2756 Adjective - Accusative Masculine Singular
Verse 11

Original words

[So] Καὶ G2532 Conjunction vvv προσέθετο G4369 Verb - Aorist Indicative Middle - 3rd Person Singular he sent πέμψαι G3992 Verb - Aorist Infinitive Active another ἕτερον G2087 Adjective - Accusative Masculine Singular servant δοῦλον G1401 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular but δὲ G1161 Conjunction - οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural they beat [him] δείραντες G1194 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural and καὶ G2532 Conjunction treated him shamefully ἀτιμάσαντες G818 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural . . . κἀκεῖνον G2548 Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singular sending [him] away ἐξαπέστειλαν G1821 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural empty-handed κενόν G2756 Adjective - Accusative Masculine Singular
Verse 12

Original words

Then Καὶ G2532 Conjunction vvv προσέθετο G4369 Verb - Aorist Indicative Middle - 3rd Person Singular he sent πέμψαι G3992 Verb - Aorist Infinitive Active a third τρίτον G5154 Adverb but δὲ G1161 Conjunction . . . καὶ G2532 Conjunction - οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural they wounded τραυματίσαντες G5135 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural him τοῦτον G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singular [and] threw [him] out ἐξέβαλον G1544 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural
Verse 13

Original words

What Τί G5101 Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Singular shall I do ποιήσω G4160 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 1st Person Singular - δὲ G1161 Conjunction asked Εἶπεν G2036 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular the G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular owner κύριος G2962 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular of the τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular vineyard ἀμπελῶνος G290 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular I will send πέμψω G3992 Verb - Future Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular my μου G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Singular - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular beloved ἀγαπητόν G27 Adjective - Accusative Masculine Singular - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular son υἱόν G5207 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular Perhaps ἴσως G2481 Adverb they will respect ἐντραπήσονται G1788 Verb - Future Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Plural him τοῦτον G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Verse 14

Original words

But when δὲ G1161 Conjunction the οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural tenants γεωργοὶ G1092 Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural saw Ἰδόντες G3708 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural [the son] αὐτὸν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular they discussed it διελογίζοντο G1260 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Plural among πρὸς G4314 Preposition themselves ἀλλήλους G240 Personal / Reciprocal Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Plural [and] said λέγοντες G3004 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural This Οὗτός G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular is ἐστιν G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular the G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular heir κληρονόμος G2818 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular Let us kill ἀποκτείνωμεν G615 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 1st Person Plural him αὐτόν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular [and] ἵνα G2443 Conjunction the G3588 Article - Nominative Feminine Singular inheritance κληρονομία G2817 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular will be γένηται G1096 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Middle - 3rd Person Singular ours ἡμῶν G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Plural
Verse 15

Original words

So καὶ G2532 Conjunction they threw ἐκβαλόντες G1544 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural him αὐτὸν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular out of ἔξω G1854 Preposition the τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular vineyard ἀμπελῶνος G290 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular [and] killed [him] ἀπέκτειναν G615 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural What Τί G5101 Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Singular then οὖν G3767 Conjunction {will} the G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular owner κύριος G2962 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular of the τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular vineyard ἀμπελῶνος G290 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular do ποιήσει G4160 Verb - Future Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular to them αὐτοῖς G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural
Verse 16

Original words

He will come ἐλεύσεται G2064 Verb - Future Indicative Middle - 3rd Person Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction kill ἀπολέσει G622 Verb - Future Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular those τούτους G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Plural - τοὺς G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Plural tenants γεωργοὺς G1092 Noun - Accusative Masculine Plural and καὶ G2532 Conjunction give δώσει G1325 Verb - Future Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular the τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular vineyard ἀμπελῶνα G290 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular to others ἄλλοις G243 Adjective - Dative Masculine Plural And δὲ G1161 Conjunction [when the people] heard [this] Ἀκούσαντες G191 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural they said εἶπαν G2036 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural vvv Μὴ G3361 Adverb May such a thing never happen γένοιτο G1096 Verb - Aorist Optative Middle - 3rd Person Singular
Verse 17

Original words

But δὲ G1161 Conjunction - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular [Jesus] looked directly at ἐμβλέψας G1689 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular them αὐτοῖς G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural [and] said εἶπεν G2036 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular Then οὖν G3767 Conjunction what Τί G5101 Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Nominative Neuter Singular is ἐστιν G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular the meaning of τοῦτο G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Neuter Singular that which τὸ G3588 Article - Nominative Neuter Singular is written γεγραμμένον G1125 Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Neuter Singular [The] stone Λίθον G3037 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular - ὃν G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singular the οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural builders οἰκοδομοῦντες G3618 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural rejected ἀπεδοκίμασαν G593 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural - Οὗτος G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular has become ἐγενήθη G1096 Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular . . . εἰς G1519 Preposition [the] cornerstone κεφαλὴν G2776 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular . . . γωνίας G1137 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular

BSB notes

  • Psalm 118:22
Verse 18

Original words

Everyone Πᾶς G3956 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular who falls πεσὼν G4098 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular on ἐπ’ G1909 Preposition this ἐκεῖνον G1565 Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singular - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular stone λίθον G3037 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular will be broken to pieces συνθλασθήσεται G4917 Verb - Future Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular but δ’ G1161 Conjunction vvv ἐφ’ G1909 Preposition he on whom ὃν G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singular . . . ἂν G302 Particle it falls πέσῃ G4098 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 3rd Person Singular will be crushed λικμήσει G3039 Verb - Future Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular . . . αὐτόν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular
Verse 19

Original words

[When] Καὶ G2532 Conjunction the οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural scribes γραμματεῖς G1122 Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural and καὶ G2532 Conjunction - οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural chief priests ἀρχιερεῖς G749 Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural - γὰρ G1063 Conjunction realized ἔγνωσαν G1097 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural that ὅτι G3754 Conjunction [Jesus] had spoken εἶπεν G2036 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular this ταύτην G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Feminine Singular - τὴν G3588 Article - Accusative Feminine Singular parable παραβολὴν G3850 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular against πρὸς G4314 Preposition them αὐτοὺς G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Plural they sought ἐζήτησαν G2212 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural to arrest ἐπιβαλεῖν G1911 Verb - Aorist Infinitive Active . . . τὰς G3588 Article - Accusative Feminine Plural . . . χεῖρας G5495 Noun - Accusative Feminine Plural . . . ἐπ’ G1909 Preposition Him αὐτὸν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular vvv ἐν G1722 Preposition that very αὐτῇ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Feminine 3rd Person Singular - τῇ G3588 Article - Dative Feminine Singular hour ὥρᾳ G5610 Noun - Dative Feminine Singular But καὶ G2532 Conjunction they were afraid ἐφοβήθησαν G5399 Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Plural of the τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular people λαόν G2992 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.