Focused Passage

Exodus 14:1-14

The LORD Fights for Israel at the Sea

The LORD leads Israel into a position where Pharaoh pursues, Israel fears and complains, Moses calls the people to stand firm, the LORD opens the sea, Israel passes through, and Egypt’s army is destroyed so Israel fears the LORD and trusts Him and Moses His servant.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1 Then the LORD said to Moses,

2 “Tell the Israelites to turn back and encamp before Pi-hahiroth, between Migdol and the sea. You are to encamp by the sea, directly opposite Baal-zephon.

3 For Pharaoh will say of the Israelites, ‘They are wandering the land in confusion; the wilderness has boxed them in.’

4 And I will harden Pharaoh’s heart so that he will pursue them. But I will gain honor by means of Pharaoh and all his army, and the Egyptians will know that I am the LORD.” So this is what the Israelites did.

5 When the king of Egypt was told that the people had fled, Pharaoh and his officials changed their minds about them and said, “What have we done? We have released Israel from serving us.”

6 So Pharaoh prepared his chariot and took his army with him.

7 He took 600 of the best chariots, and all the other chariots of Egypt, with officers over all of them.

8 And the LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt so that he pursued the Israelites, who were marching out defiantly.

9 The Egyptians—all Pharaoh’s horses and chariots, horsemen and troops—pursued the Israelites and overtook them as they camped by the sea near Pi-hahiroth, opposite Baal-zephon.

10 As Pharaoh approached, the Israelites looked up and saw the Egyptians marching after them, and they were terrified and cried out to the LORD.

11 They said to Moses, “Was it because there were no graves in Egypt that you brought us into the wilderness to die? What have you done to us by bringing us out of Egypt?

12 Did we not say to you in Egypt, ‘Leave us alone so that we may serve the Egyptians’? For it would have been better for us to serve the Egyptians than to die in the wilderness.”

13 But Moses told the people, “Do not be afraid. Stand firm and you will see the LORD’s salvation, which He will accomplish for you today; for the Egyptians you see today, you will never see again.

14 The LORD will fight for you; you need only to be still.”

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Original words

Then the LORD יְהֹוָ֖ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular said וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר H1696 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular to אֶל־ H413 Preposition Moses מֹשֶׁ֥ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular . . . לֵּאמֹֽר׃ H559 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Verse 2

Original words

Tell דַּבֵּר֮ H1696 Verb - Piel - Imperative - masculine singular the Israelites בְּנֵ֣י H1121 Noun - masculine plural construct . . . יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular to אֶל־ H413 Preposition turn back וְיָשֻׁ֗בוּ H7725 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine plural and encamp וְיַחֲנוּ֙ H2583 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine plural before לִפְנֵי֙ H6440 Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct vvv פִּ֣י H6367 Pi-hahiroth הַחִירֹ֔ת H6367 Noun - proper - feminine singular between בֵּ֥ין H996 Preposition Migdol מִגְדֹּ֖ל H4024 Noun - proper - feminine singular . . . וּבֵ֣ין H996 Conjunctive waw | Preposition and the sea הַיָּ֑ם H3220 Article | Noun - masculine singular You are to encamp תַחֲנ֖וּ H2583 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural by עַל־ H5921 Preposition the sea הַיָּֽם׃ H3220 Article | Noun - masculine singular directly opposite לִפְנֵי֙ H6440 Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct vvv בַּ֣עַל H1189 Preposition Baal-zephon צְפֹ֔ן H1189 Noun - proper - feminine singular . . . נִכְח֥וֹ H5227 Preposition | third person masculine singular
Verse 3

Original words

For Pharaoh פַּרְעֹה֙ H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular will say וְאָמַ֤ר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular vvv לִבְנֵ֣י H1121 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural construct of the Israelites יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular They הֵ֖ם H1992 Pronoun - third person masculine plural are wandering the land בָּאָ֑רֶץ H776 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singular in confusion נְבֻכִ֥ים H943 Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine plural the wilderness הַמִּדְבָּֽר׃ H4057 Article | Noun - masculine singular has boxed them סָגַ֥ר H5462 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular in עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם H5921 Preposition | third person masculine plural
Verse 4

Original words

And I will harden וְחִזַּקְתִּ֣י H2388 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker Pharaoh’s פַּרְעֹה֮ H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular heart לֵב־ H3820 Noun - masculine singular construct so that he will pursue וְרָדַ֣ף H7291 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular them אַחֲרֵיהֶם֒ H310 Preposition | third person masculine plural But I will gain honor וְאִכָּבְדָ֤ה H3513 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative - first person common singular by means of Pharaoh בְּפַרְעֹה֙ H6547 Preposition-b | Noun - proper - masculine singular and all וּבְכָל־ H3605 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct his army חֵיל֔וֹ H2428 Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular and the Egyptians מִצְרַ֖יִם H4713 Noun - proper - feminine singular will know וְיָדְע֥וּ H3045 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural that כִּֽי־ H3588 Conjunction I אֲנִ֣י H589 Pronoun - first person common singular am the LORD יְהוָ֑ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular So this is what כֵֽן׃ H3651 Adverb the Israelites did וַיַּֽעֲשׂוּ־ H6213 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural

BSB notes

  • Or stiffen or strengthen; similarly in verses 8 and 17
Verse 5

Original words

When the king לְמֶ֣לֶךְ H4428 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct of Egypt מִצְרַ֔יִם H4714 Noun - proper - feminine singular was told וַיֻּגַּד֙ H5046 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hofal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular that כִּ֥י H3588 Conjunction the people הָעָ֑ם H5971 Article | Noun - masculine singular had fled בָרַ֖ח H1272 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular Pharaoh פַּרְעֹ֤ה H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular and his officials וַעֲבָדָיו֙ H5650 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular changed וַ֠יֵּהָפֵךְ H2015 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular their minds לְבַ֨ב H3824 Noun - masculine singular construct about אֶל־ H413 Preposition [them] הָעָ֔ם H5971 Article | Noun - masculine singular and said וַיֹּֽאמרוּ֙ H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural What מַה־ H4100 Interrogative . . . זֹּ֣את H2063 Pronoun - feminine singular have we done עָשִׂ֔ינוּ H6213 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common plural . . . כִּֽי־ H3588 Conjunction We have released שִׁלַּ֥חְנוּ H7971 Verb - Piel - Perfect - first person common plural - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker Israel יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular from serving us מֵעָבְדֵֽנוּ׃ H5647 Preposition-m | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | first person common plural
Verse 6

Original words

So [Pharaoh] prepared וַיֶּאְסֹ֖ר H631 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker his chariot רִכְבּ֑וֹ H7393 Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular - וְאֶת־ H853 Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker and took לָקַ֥ח H3947 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular his army עַמּ֖וֹ H5971 Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular with him עִמּֽוֹ׃ H5973 Preposition | third person masculine singular
Verse 7

Original words

He took וַיִּקַּ֗ח H3947 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular 600 שֵׁשׁ־ H8337 Number - feminine singular construct . . . מֵא֥וֹת H3967 Number - feminine plural of the best בָּח֔וּר H977 Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine singular chariots רֶ֙כֶב֙ H7393 Noun - masculine singular and all וְכֹ֖ל H3605 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct the other chariots רֶ֣כֶב H7393 Noun - masculine singular construct of Egypt מִצְרָ֑יִם H4714 Noun - proper - feminine singular with officers וְשָׁלִשִׁ֖ם H7991 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural over עַל־ H5921 Preposition all of them כֻּלּֽוֹ׃ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Verse 8

Original words

And the LORD יְהֹוָ֗ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker hardened וַיְחַזֵּ֣ק H2388 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular the heart לֵ֤ב H3820 Noun - masculine singular construct of Pharaoh פַּרְעֹה֙ H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular king מֶ֣לֶךְ H4428 Noun - masculine singular construct of Egypt מִצְרַ֔יִם H4714 Noun - proper - feminine singular so that he pursued וַיִּרְדֹּ֕ף H7291 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular . . . אַחֲרֵ֖י H310 Preposition the Israelites בְּנֵ֣י H1121 Noun - masculine plural construct . . . יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular - וּבְנֵ֣י H1121 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct - יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular who were marching out יֹצְאִ֖ים H3318 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural defiantly בְּיָ֥ד H3027 Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular . . . רָמָֽה׃ H7311 Verb - Qal - Participle - feminine singular

BSB notes

  • Or marching out boldly; literally marching out with an upraised hand
Verse 9

Original words

The Egyptians מִצְרַ֜יִם H4713 Noun - proper - feminine singular all כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct Pharaoh’s פַּרְעֹ֔ה H6547 Noun - proper - masculine singular horses סוּס֙ H5483 Noun - masculine singular construct and chariots רֶ֣כֶב H7393 Noun - masculine singular construct horsemen וּפָרָשָׁ֖יו H6571 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular and troops וְחֵיל֑וֹ H2428 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular pursued [the Israelites] וַיִּרְדְּפ֨וּ H7291 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural and אַחֲרֵיהֶ֗ם H310 Preposition | third person masculine plural overtook וַיַּשִּׂ֤יגוּ H5381 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural them אוֹתָם֙ H853 Direct object marker | third person masculine plural as they camped חֹנִ֣ים H2583 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural by עַל־ H5921 Preposition the sea הַיָּ֔ם H3220 Article | Noun - masculine singular near עַל־ H5921 Preposition vvv פִּי֙ H6367 Pi-hahiroth הַֽחִירֹ֔ת H6367 Noun - proper - feminine singular opposite לִפְנֵ֖י H6440 Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct vvv בַּ֥עַל H1189 Preposition Baal-zephon צְפֹֽן׃ H1189 Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 10

Original words

As Pharaoh וּפַרְעֹ֖ה H6547 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular approached הִקְרִ֑יב H7126 Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular the Israelites בְנֵֽי־ H1121 Noun - masculine plural construct . . . יִשְׂרָאֵ֨ל H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker looked up וַיִּשְׂאוּ֩ H5375 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural . . . עֵינֵיהֶ֜ם H5869 Noun - cdc | third person masculine plural and saw וְהִנֵּ֥ה H2009 Conjunctive waw | Interjection the Egyptians מִצְרַ֣יִם׀ H4713 Noun - proper - feminine singular marching נֹסֵ֣עַ H5265 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular after them אַחֲרֵיהֶ֗ם H310 Preposition | third person masculine plural and [they] בְנֵֽי־ H1121 Noun - masculine plural construct . . . יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular were terrified וַיִּֽירְאוּ֙ H3372 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural . . . מְאֹ֔ד H3966 Adverb and cried out וַיִּצְעֲק֥וּ H6817 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural to אֶל־ H413 Preposition the LORD יְהוָֽה׃ H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular
Verse 11

Original words

They said וַיֹּאמְרוּ֮ H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural to אֶל־ H413 Preposition Moses מֹשֶׁה֒ H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular Was it because אֵין־ H369 Adverb there were no הַֽמִבְּלִ֤י H1097 Preposition | Adverb graves קְבָרִים֙ H6913 Noun - masculine plural in Egypt בְּמִצְרַ֔יִם H4714 Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singular that you brought us לְקַחְתָּ֖נוּ H3947 Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singular | first person common plural into the wilderness בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר H4057 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular to die לָמ֣וּת H4191 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct What מַה־ H4100 Interrogative . . . זֹּאת֙ H2063 Pronoun - feminine singular have you done עָשִׂ֣יתָ H6213 Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singular to us לָּ֔נוּ Preposition | first person common plural by bringing us out לְהוֹצִיאָ֖נוּ H3318 Preposition-l | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct | first person common plural of Egypt מִמִּצְרָֽיִם׃ H4714 Preposition-m | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 12

Original words

{Did we} not הֲלֹא־ H3808 Adverb - Negative particle - זֶ֣ה H2088 Pronoun - masculine singular - הַדָּבָ֗ר H1697 Article | Noun - masculine singular - אֲשֶׁר֩ H834 Pronoun - relative say דִּבַּ֨רְנוּ H1696 Verb - Piel - Perfect - first person common plural to you אֵלֶ֤יךָ H413 Preposition | second person masculine singular in Egypt בְמִצְרַ֙יִם֙ H4714 Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singular . . . לֵאמֹ֔ר H559 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct Leave us alone חֲדַ֥ל H2308 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular . . . מִמֶּ֖נּוּ H4480 Preposition | first person common plural so that we may serve וְנַֽעַבְדָ֣ה H5647 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative - first person common plural - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker the Egyptians מִצְרָ֑יִם H4713 Noun - proper - feminine singular For כִּ֣י H3588 Conjunction it would have been better ט֥וֹב H2896 Adjective - masculine singular for us לָ֙נוּ֙ Preposition | first person common plural to serve עֲבֹ֣ד H5647 Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker the Egyptians מִצְרַ֔יִם H4713 Noun - proper - feminine singular than to die מִמֻּתֵ֖נוּ H4191 Preposition-m | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | first person common plural in the wilderness בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃ H4057 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 13

Original words

But Moses מֹשֶׁ֣ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular told וַיֹּ֨אמֶר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular . . . אֶל־ H413 Preposition the people הָעָם֮ H5971 Article | Noun - masculine singular Do not אַל־ H408 Adverb be afraid תִּירָאוּ֒ H3372 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural Stand firm הִֽתְיַצְב֗וּ H3320 Verb - Hitpael - Imperative - masculine plural and you will see וּרְאוּ֙ H7200 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker the LORD’s יְהוָ֔ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular - אֲשֶׁר־ H834 Pronoun - relative salvation יְשׁוּעַ֣ת H3444 Noun - feminine singular construct which He will accomplish יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה H6213 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular for you לָכֶ֖ם Preposition | second person masculine plural today הַיּ֑וֹם H3117 Article | Noun - masculine singular for כִּ֗י H3588 Conjunction the Egyptians אֲשֶׁ֨ר H834 Pronoun - relative you see today רְאִיתֶ֤ם H7200 Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine plural - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker - מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ H4713 Noun - proper - feminine singular . . . הַיּ֔וֹם H3117 Article | Noun - masculine singular you will never לֹ֥א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle . . . עַד־ H5704 Preposition . . . עוֹלָֽם׃ H5769 Noun - masculine singular see לִרְאֹתָ֥ם H7200 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | third person masculine plural again תֹסִ֛יפוּ H3254 Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - second person masculine plural . . . ע֖וֹד H5750 Adverb
Verse 14

Original words

The LORD יְהוָ֖ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular will fight יִלָּחֵ֣ם H3898 Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular for you לָכֶ֑ם Preposition | second person masculine plural you וְאַתֶּ֖ם H859 Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - second person masculine plural need only to be still תַּחֲרִישֽׁוּן׃פ H2790 Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - second person masculine plural | Paragogic nun

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.