Focused Passage

Romans 2:17-29

God’s Righteous Judgment and the Exposure of Religious Presumption

Paul moves from the condemnation of hypocritical judging, to the certainty of impartial judgment, to the accountability of those with and without the law, to the exposure of Jewish covenant presumption, and finally to the need for inward heart circumcision by the Spirit.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

17 Now you, if you call yourself a Jew; if you rely on the law and boast in God;

18 if you know His will and approve of what is superior because you are instructed by the law;

19 if you are convinced that you are a guide for the blind, a light for those in darkness,

20 an instructor of the foolish, a teacher of infants, because you have in the law the embodiment of knowledge and truth—

21 you, then, who teach others, do you not teach yourself? You who preach against stealing, do you steal?

22 You who forbid adultery, do you commit adultery? You who abhor idols, do you rob temples?

23 You who boast in the law, do you dishonor God by breaking the law?

24 As it is written: “God’s name is blasphemed among the Gentiles because of you.”

25 Circumcision has value if you observe the law, but if you break the law, your circumcision has become uncircumcision.

26 If a man who is not circumcised keeps the requirements of the law, will not his uncircumcision be regarded as circumcision?

27 The one who is physically uncircumcised yet keeps the law will condemn you who, even though you have the written code and circumcision, are a lawbreaker.

28 A man is not a Jew because he is one outwardly, nor is circumcision only outward and physical.

29 No, a man is a Jew because he is one inwardly, and circumcision is a matter of the heart, by the Spirit, not by the written code. Such a man’s praise does not come from men, but from God.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 17

Original words

Now δὲ G1161 Conjunction you σὺ G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 2nd Person Singular if Εἰ G1487 Conjunction you call [yourself] ἐπονομάζῃ G2028 Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 2nd Person Singular a Jew Ἰουδαῖος G2453 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular [if you] καὶ G2532 Conjunction rely on ἐπαναπαύῃ G1879 Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 2nd Person Singular [the] law νόμῳ G3551 Noun - Dative Masculine Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction boast καυχᾶσαι G2744 Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 2nd Person Singular in ἐν G1722 Preposition God Θεῷ G2316 Noun - Dative Masculine Singular
Verse 18

Original words

[if you] καὶ G2532 Conjunction know γινώσκεις G1097 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular [His] τὸ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Singular will θέλημα G2307 Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction approve δοκιμάζεις G1381 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular of what τὰ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Plural is superior διαφέροντα G1308 Verb - Present Participle Active - Accusative Neuter Plural because you are instructed κατηχούμενος G2727 Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine Singular by ἐκ G1537 Preposition the τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular law νόμου G3551 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Verse 19

Original words

[if you] τε G5037 Conjunction are convinced [that] πέποιθάς G3982 Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular you σεαυτὸν G4572 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 2nd Person Singular are εἶναι G1510 Verb - Present Infinitive Active a guide ὁδηγὸν G3595 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular for [the] blind τυφλῶν G5185 Adjective - Genitive Masculine Plural a light φῶς G5457 Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular for those τῶν G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Plural in ἐν G1722 Preposition darkness σκότει G4655 Noun - Dative Neuter Singular
Verse 20

Original words

an instructor παιδευτὴν G3810 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular of [the] foolish ἀφρόνων G878 Adjective - Genitive Masculine Plural a teacher διδάσκαλον G1320 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular of infants νηπίων G3516 Adjective - Genitive Masculine Plural [because] you have ἔχοντα G2192 Verb - Present Participle Active - Accusative Masculine Singular in ἐν G1722 Preposition the τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Singular law νόμῳ G3551 Noun - Dative Masculine Singular the τὴν G3588 Article - Accusative Feminine Singular embodiment μόρφωσιν G3446 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular - τῆς G3588 Article - Genitive Feminine Singular of knowledge γνώσεως G1108 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction - τῆς G3588 Article - Genitive Feminine Singular truth ἀληθείας G225 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular
Verse 21

Original words

{you,} then οὖν G3767 Conjunction who G3588 Article - Vocative Masculine Singular teach διδάσκων G1321 Verb - Present Participle Active - Vocative Masculine Singular others ἕτερον G2087 Adjective - Accusative Masculine Singular vvv οὐ G3756 Adverb do you not teach διδάσκεις G1321 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular yourself σεαυτὸν G4572 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 2nd Person Singular You who G3588 Article - Vocative Masculine Singular preach κηρύσσων G2784 Verb - Present Participle Active - Vocative Masculine Singular against μὴ G3361 Adverb stealing κλέπτειν G2813 Verb - Present Infinitive Active do you steal κλέπτεις G2813 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular
Verse 22

Original words

You who G3588 Article - Vocative Masculine Singular forbid λέγων G3004 Verb - Present Participle Active - Vocative Masculine Singular . . . μὴ G3361 Adverb adultery μοιχεύειν G3431 Verb - Present Infinitive Active do you commit adultery μοιχεύεις G3431 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular You who G3588 Article - Vocative Masculine Singular abhor βδελυσσόμενος G948 Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Vocative Masculine Singular - τὰ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Plural idols εἴδωλα G1497 Noun - Accusative Neuter Plural do you rob temples ἱεροσυλεῖς G2416 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular
Verse 23

Original words

You who ὃς G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular boast καυχᾶσαι G2744 Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 2nd Person Singular in ἐν G1722 Preposition [the] law νόμῳ G3551 Noun - Dative Masculine Singular do you dishonor ἀτιμάζεις G818 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular God Θεὸν G2316 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular by διὰ G1223 Preposition - τῆς G3588 Article - Genitive Feminine Singular breaking παραβάσεως G3847 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular the τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular law νόμου G3551 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Verse 24

Original words

- γὰρ G1063 Conjunction As καθὼς G2531 Adverb it is written γέγραπται G1125 Verb - Perfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Singular - τὸ G3588 Article - Nominative Neuter Singular vvv τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular God’s Θεοῦ G2316 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular name Ὄνομα G3686 Noun - Nominative Neuter Singular is blasphemed βλασφημεῖται G987 Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Singular among ἐν G1722 Preposition the τοῖς G3588 Article - Dative Neuter Plural Gentiles ἔθνεσιν G1484 Noun - Dative Neuter Plural because of δι’ G1223 Preposition you ὑμᾶς G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 2nd Person Plural

BSB notes

  • Isaiah 52:5 (see also LXX)
Verse 25

Original words

- μὲν G3303 Conjunction - γὰρ G1063 Conjunction Circumcision Περιτομὴ G4061 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular has value ὠφελεῖ G5623 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular if ἐὰν G1437 Conjunction you observe πράσσῃς G4238 Verb - Present Subjunctive Active - 2nd Person Singular [the] law νόμον G3551 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular but δὲ G1161 Conjunction if ἐὰν G1437 Conjunction you ᾖς G1510 Verb - Present Subjunctive Active - 2nd Person Singular break παραβάτης G3848 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular [the] law νόμου G3551 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular your σου G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 2nd Person Singular - G3588 Article - Nominative Feminine Singular circumcision περιτομή G4061 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular has become γέγονεν G1096 Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular uncircumcision ἀκροβυστία G203 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular
Verse 26

Original words

- οὖν G3767 Conjunction If ἐὰν G1437 Conjunction - G3588 Article - Nominative Feminine Singular a man who is not circumcised ἀκροβυστία G203 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular keeps φυλάσσῃ G5442 Verb - Present Subjunctive Active - 3rd Person Singular the τὰ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Plural requirements δικαιώματα G1345 Noun - Accusative Neuter Plural of the τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular law νόμου G3551 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular {will} not οὐχ G3756 Adverb his αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular - G3588 Article - Nominative Feminine Singular uncircumcision ἀκροβυστία G203 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular be regarded λογισθήσεται G3049 Verb - Future Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular as εἰς G1519 Preposition circumcision περιτομὴν G4061 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular
Verse 27

Original words

- καὶ G2532 Conjunction The [one who is] G3588 Article - Nominative Feminine Singular vvv ἐκ G1537 Preposition physically φύσεως G5449 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular uncircumcised ἀκροβυστία G203 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular [yet] keeps τελοῦσα G5055 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Feminine Singular the τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular law νόμον G3551 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular will condemn κρινεῖ G2919 Verb - Future Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular you σὲ G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 2nd Person Singular who τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular [even though you have] διὰ G1223 Preposition [the] written code γράμματος G1121 Noun - Genitive Neuter Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction circumcision περιτομῆς G4061 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular [are] a lawbreaker παραβάτην G3848 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular . . . νόμου G3551 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Verse 28

Original words

- γὰρ G1063 Conjunction A [man] G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular is ἐστιν G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular not Οὐ G3756 Adverb a Jew Ἰουδαῖός G2453 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular [ because he is one ] ἐν G1722 Preposition - τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Neuter Singular outwardly φανερῷ G5318 Adjective - Dative Neuter Singular nor οὐδὲ G3761 Conjunction [is] circumcision περιτομή G4061 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular - G3588 Article - Nominative Feminine Singular vvv ἐν G1722 Preposition vvv τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Neuter Singular [ only ] outward φανερῷ G5318 Adjective - Dative Neuter Singular [and] ἐν G1722 Preposition physical σαρκὶ G4561 Noun - Dative Feminine Singular
Verse 29

Original words

No ἀλλ’ G235 Conjunction a man [is] G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular a Jew Ἰουδαῖος G2453 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular [ because he is one ] ἐν G1722 Preposition - τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Neuter Singular inwardly κρυπτῷ G2927 Adjective - Dative Neuter Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction circumcision [is a matter] περιτομὴ G4061 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular of the heart καρδίας G2588 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular by ἐν G1722 Preposition [the] Spirit πνεύματι G4151 Noun - Dative Neuter Singular not οὐ G3756 Adverb by the written code γράμματι G1121 Noun - Dative Neuter Singular [Such a man’s] οὗ G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Genitive Masculine Singular - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular praise ἔπαινος G1868 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular [does] not [come] οὐκ G3756 Adverb from ἐξ G1537 Preposition men ἀνθρώπων G444 Noun - Genitive Masculine Plural but ἀλλ’ G235 Conjunction from ἐκ G1537 Preposition - τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular God Θεοῦ G2316 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.