Focused Passage

Romans 2:17-29

God’s Righteous Judgment and the Exposure of Religious Presumption

Paul moves from the condemnation of hypocritical judging, to the certainty of impartial judgment, to the accountability of those with and without the law, to the exposure of Jewish covenant presumption, and finally to the need for inward heart circumcision by the Spirit.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

17Now you, if you call yourself a Jew; if you rely on the law and boast in God;

18if you know His will and approve of what is superior because you are instructed by the law;

19if you are convinced that you are a guide for the blind, a light for those in darkness,

20an instructor of the foolish, a teacher of infants, because you have in the law the embodiment of knowledge and truth—

21you, then, who teach others, do you not teach yourself? You who preach against stealing, do you steal?

22You who forbid adultery, do you commit adultery? You who abhor idols, do you rob temples?

23You who boast in the law, do you dishonor God by breaking the law?

24As it is written: “God’s name is blasphemed among the Gentiles because of you.”

25Circumcision has value if you observe the law, but if you break the law, your circumcision has become uncircumcision.

26If a man who is not circumcised keeps the requirements of the law, will not his uncircumcision be regarded as circumcision?

27The one who is physically uncircumcised yet keeps the law will condemn you who, even though you have the written code and circumcision, are a lawbreaker.

28A man is not a Jew because he is one outwardly, nor is circumcision only outward and physical.

29No, a man is a Jew because he is one inwardly, and circumcision is a matter of the heart, by the Spirit, not by the written code. Such a man’s praise does not come from men, but from God.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 17

Original words

NowδὲG1161ConjunctionyouσὺG4771Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 2nd Person SingularifΕἰG1487Conjunctionyou call [yourself]ἐπονομάζῃG2028Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 2nd Person Singulara JewἸουδαῖοςG2453Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular[if you]καὶG2532Conjunctionrely onἐπαναπαύῃG1879Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 2nd Person Singular[the] lawνόμῳG3551Noun - Dative Masculine SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctionboastκαυχᾶσαιG2744Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 2nd Person SingularinἐνG1722PrepositionGodΘεῷG2316Noun - Dative Masculine Singular
Verse 18

Original words

[if you]καὶG2532ConjunctionknowγινώσκειςG1097Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular[His]τὸG3588Article - Accusative Neuter SingularwillθέλημαG2307Noun - Accusative Neuter SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctionapproveδοκιμάζειςG1381Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singularof whatτὰG3588Article - Accusative Neuter Pluralis superiorδιαφέρονταG1308Verb - Present Participle Active - Accusative Neuter Pluralbecause you are instructedκατηχούμενοςG2727Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine SingularbyἐκG1537PrepositiontheτοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine SingularlawνόμουG3551Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Verse 19

Original words

[if you]τεG5037Conjunctionare convinced [that]πέποιθάςG3982Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 2nd Person SingularyouσεαυτὸνG4572Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 2nd Person SingularareεἶναιG1510Verb - Present Infinitive Activea guideὁδηγὸνG3595Noun - Accusative Masculine Singularfor [the] blindτυφλῶνG5185Adjective - Genitive Masculine Plurala lightφῶςG5457Noun - Accusative Neuter Singularfor thoseτῶνG3588Article - Genitive Masculine PluralinἐνG1722PrepositiondarknessσκότειG4655Noun - Dative Neuter Singular
Verse 20

Original words

an instructorπαιδευτὴνG3810Noun - Accusative Masculine Singularof [the] foolishἀφρόνωνG878Adjective - Genitive Masculine Plurala teacherδιδάσκαλονG1320Noun - Accusative Masculine Singularof infantsνηπίωνG3516Adjective - Genitive Masculine Plural[because] you haveἔχονταG2192Verb - Present Participle Active - Accusative Masculine SingularinἐνG1722PrepositiontheτῷG3588Article - Dative Masculine SingularlawνόμῳG3551Noun - Dative Masculine SingulartheτὴνG3588Article - Accusative Feminine SingularembodimentμόρφωσινG3446Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular-τῆςG3588Article - Genitive Feminine Singularof knowledgeγνώσεωςG1108Noun - Genitive Feminine SingularandκαὶG2532Conjunction-τῆςG3588Article - Genitive Feminine SingulartruthἀληθείαςG225Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular
Verse 21

Original words

{you,} thenοὖνG3767ConjunctionwhoG3588Article - Vocative Masculine SingularteachδιδάσκωνG1321Verb - Present Participle Active - Vocative Masculine SingularothersἕτερονG2087Adjective - Accusative Masculine SingularvvvοὐG3756Adverbdo you not teachδιδάσκειςG1321Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person SingularyourselfσεαυτὸνG4572Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 2nd Person SingularYou whoG3588Article - Vocative Masculine SingularpreachκηρύσσωνG2784Verb - Present Participle Active - Vocative Masculine SingularagainstμὴG3361AdverbstealingκλέπτεινG2813Verb - Present Infinitive Activedo you stealκλέπτειςG2813Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular
Verse 22

Original words

You whoG3588Article - Vocative Masculine SingularforbidλέγωνG3004Verb - Present Participle Active - Vocative Masculine Singular. . .μὴG3361AdverbadulteryμοιχεύεινG3431Verb - Present Infinitive Activedo you commit adulteryμοιχεύειςG3431Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person SingularYou whoG3588Article - Vocative Masculine SingularabhorβδελυσσόμενοςG948Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Vocative Masculine Singular-τὰG3588Article - Accusative Neuter PluralidolsεἴδωλαG1497Noun - Accusative Neuter Pluraldo you rob templesἱεροσυλεῖςG2416Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular
Verse 23

Original words

You whoὃςG3739Personal / Relative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine SingularboastκαυχᾶσαιG2744Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 2nd Person SingularinἐνG1722Preposition[the] lawνόμῳG3551Noun - Dative Masculine Singulardo you dishonorἀτιμάζειςG818Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular-τὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine SingularGodΘεὸνG2316Noun - Accusative Masculine SingularbyδιὰG1223Preposition-τῆςG3588Article - Genitive Feminine SingularbreakingπαραβάσεωςG3847Noun - Genitive Feminine SingulartheτοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine SingularlawνόμουG3551Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Verse 24

Original words

-γὰρG1063ConjunctionAsκαθὼςG2531Adverbit is writtenγέγραπταιG1125Verb - Perfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Singular-τὸG3588Article - Nominative Neuter SingularvvvτοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine SingularGod’sΘεοῦG2316Noun - Genitive Masculine SingularnameὌνομαG3686Noun - Nominative Neuter Singularis blasphemedβλασφημεῖταιG987Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person SingularamongἐνG1722PrepositiontheτοῖςG3588Article - Dative Neuter PluralGentilesἔθνεσινG1484Noun - Dative Neuter Pluralbecause ofδι’G1223PrepositionyouὑμᾶςG4771Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 2nd Person Plural

BSB notes

  • Isaiah 52:5 (see also LXX)
Verse 25

Original words

-μὲνG3303Conjunction-γὰρG1063ConjunctionCircumcisionΠεριτομὴG4061Noun - Nominative Feminine Singularhas valueὠφελεῖG5623Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularifἐὰνG1437Conjunctionyou observeπράσσῃςG4238Verb - Present Subjunctive Active - 2nd Person Singular[the] lawνόμονG3551Noun - Accusative Masculine SingularbutδὲG1161ConjunctionifἐὰνG1437ConjunctionyouᾖςG1510Verb - Present Subjunctive Active - 2nd Person SingularbreakπαραβάτηςG3848Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular[the] lawνόμουG3551Noun - Genitive Masculine SingularyourσουG4771Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 2nd Person Singular-G3588Article - Nominative Feminine SingularcircumcisionπεριτομήG4061Noun - Nominative Feminine Singularhas becomeγέγονενG1096Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularuncircumcisionἀκροβυστίαG203Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular
Verse 26

Original words

-οὖνG3767ConjunctionIfἐὰνG1437Conjunction-G3588Article - Nominative Feminine Singulara man who is not circumcisedἀκροβυστίαG203Noun - Nominative Feminine SingularkeepsφυλάσσῃG5442Verb - Present Subjunctive Active - 3rd Person SingulartheτὰG3588Article - Accusative Neuter PluralrequirementsδικαιώματαG1345Noun - Accusative Neuter Pluralof theτοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine SingularlawνόμουG3551Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular{will} notοὐχG3756AdverbhisαὐτοῦG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular-G3588Article - Nominative Feminine SingularuncircumcisionἀκροβυστίαG203Noun - Nominative Feminine Singularbe regardedλογισθήσεταιG3049Verb - Future Indicative Passive - 3rd Person SingularasεἰςG1519PrepositioncircumcisionπεριτομὴνG4061Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular
Verse 27

Original words

-καὶG2532ConjunctionThe [one who is]G3588Article - Nominative Feminine SingularvvvἐκG1537PrepositionphysicallyφύσεωςG5449Noun - Genitive Feminine SingularuncircumcisedἀκροβυστίαG203Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular[yet] keepsτελοῦσαG5055Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Feminine SingulartheτὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine SingularlawνόμονG3551Noun - Accusative Masculine Singularwill condemnκρινεῖG2919Verb - Future Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularyouσὲG4771Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 2nd Person SingularwhoτὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine Singular[even though you have]διὰG1223Preposition[the] written codeγράμματοςG1121Noun - Genitive Neuter SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctioncircumcisionπεριτομῆςG4061Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular[are] a lawbreakerπαραβάτηνG3848Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular. . .νόμουG3551Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Verse 28

Original words

-γὰρG1063ConjunctionA [man]G3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularisἐστινG1510Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularnotΟὐG3756Adverba JewἸουδαῖόςG2453Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular[ because he is one ]ἐνG1722Preposition-τῷG3588Article - Dative Neuter SingularoutwardlyφανερῷG5318Adjective - Dative Neuter SingularnorοὐδὲG3761Conjunction[is] circumcisionπεριτομήG4061Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular-G3588Article - Nominative Feminine SingularvvvἐνG1722PrepositionvvvτῷG3588Article - Dative Neuter Singular[ only ] outwardφανερῷG5318Adjective - Dative Neuter Singular[and]ἐνG1722PrepositionphysicalσαρκὶG4561Noun - Dative Feminine Singular
Verse 29

Original words

Noἀλλ’G235Conjunctiona man [is]G3588Article - Nominative Masculine Singulara JewἸουδαῖοςG2453Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular[ because he is one ]ἐνG1722Preposition-τῷG3588Article - Dative Neuter SingularinwardlyκρυπτῷG2927Adjective - Dative Neuter SingularandκαὶG2532Conjunctioncircumcision [is a matter]περιτομὴG4061Noun - Nominative Feminine Singularof the heartκαρδίαςG2588Noun - Genitive Feminine SingularbyἐνG1722Preposition[the] SpiritπνεύματιG4151Noun - Dative Neuter SingularnotοὐG3756Adverbby the written codeγράμματιG1121Noun - Dative Neuter Singular[Such a man’s]οὗG3739Personal / Relative Pronoun - Genitive Masculine Singular-G3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularpraiseἔπαινοςG1868Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular[does] not [come]οὐκG3756AdverbfromἐξG1537PrepositionmenἀνθρώπωνG444Noun - Genitive Masculine Pluralbutἀλλ’G235ConjunctionfromἐκG1537Preposition-τοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine SingularGodΘεοῦG2316Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.