Focused Passage

Nehemiah 1:1-11

Nehemiah Hears, Mourns, Prays, and Seeks Mercy for Jerusalem

News of Jerusalem's disgrace drives Nehemiah into mourning, fasting, confession, covenant appeal, and a request for mercy before taking action.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1 These are the words of Nehemiah son of Hacaliah: In the month of Chislev, in the twentieth year, while I was in the citadel of Susa,

2 Hanani, one of my brothers, arrived with men from Judah. So I questioned them about the remnant of the Jews who had survived the exile, and also about Jerusalem.

3 And they told me, “The remnant who survived the exile are there in the province, in great trouble and disgrace. The wall of Jerusalem is broken down, and its gates have been burned with fire.”

4 When I heard these words, I sat down and wept. I mourned for days, fasting and praying before the God of heaven.

5 Then I said: “O LORD, God of heaven, the great and awesome God who keeps His covenant of loving devotion with those who love Him and keep His commandments,

6 let Your eyes be open and Your ears attentive to hear the prayer that I, Your servant, now pray before You day and night for Your servants, the Israelites. I confess the sins that we Israelites have committed against You. Both I and my father’s house have sinned.

7 We have behaved corruptly against You and have not kept the commandments, statutes, and ordinances that You gave Your servant Moses.

8 Remember, I pray, the word that You commanded Your servant Moses when You said, ‘If you are unfaithful, I will scatter you among the nations,

9 but if you return to Me and keep and practice My commandments, then even if your exiles have been banished to the farthest horizon, I will gather them from there and bring them to the place I have chosen as a dwelling for My Name.’

10 They are Your servants and Your people. You redeemed them by Your great power and mighty hand.

11 O Lord, may Your ear be attentive to my prayer and to the prayers of Your servants who delight to revere Your name. Give Your servant success this day, I pray, and grant him mercy in the sight of this man.” (At that time I was the cupbearer to the king.)

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Original words

[These are] the words דִּבְרֵ֥י H1697 Noun - masculine plural construct of Nehemiah נְחֶמְיָ֖ה H5166 Noun - proper - masculine singular son בֶּן־ H1121 Noun - masculine singular construct of Hacaliah חֲכַלְיָ֑ה H2446 Noun - proper - masculine singular vvv וַיְהִ֤י H1961 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular In the month בְחֹֽדֶשׁ־ H2320 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct of Chislev כִּסְלֵו H3691 Noun - proper - feminine singular in the twentieth עֶשְׂרִ֔ים H6242 Number - common plural year שְׁנַ֣ת H8141 Noun - feminine singular construct while I וַאֲנִ֥י H589 Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - first person common singular was הָיִ֖יתִי H1961 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular in the citadel הַבִּירָֽה׃ H1002 Article | Noun - feminine singular of Susa בְּשׁוּשַׁ֥ן H7800 Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singular

BSB notes

  • Chislev is the ninth month of the Hebrew lunar calendar, usually occurring within the months of November and December.
Verse 2

Original words

Hanani חֲנָ֜נִי H2607 Noun - proper - masculine singular one אֶחָ֧ד H259 Number - masculine singular of my brothers מֵאַחַ֛י H251 Preposition-m | Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singular . . . ה֥וּא H1931 Pronoun - third person masculine singular arrived וַיָּבֹ֨א H935 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular with men וַאֲנָשִׁ֖ים H582 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural from Judah מִֽיהוּדָ֑ה H3063 Preposition-m | Noun - proper - masculine singular So I questioned them וָאֶשְׁאָלֵ֞ם H7592 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person masculine plural about עַל־ H5921 Preposition the remnant הַפְּלֵיטָ֛ה H6413 Article | Noun - feminine singular of the Jews הַיְּהוּדִ֧ים H3064 Article | Noun - proper - masculine plural who אֲשֶֽׁר־ H834 Pronoun - relative had survived נִשְׁאֲר֥וּ H7604 Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common plural מִן־ מִן־ H4480 Preposition the exile הַשֶּׁ֖בִי H7628 Article | Noun - masculine singular and also about וְעַל־ H5921 Conjunctive waw | Preposition Jerusalem יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ H3389 Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 3

Original words

And they told וַיֹּאמְרוּ֮ H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural me לִי֒ Preposition | first person common singular The remnant הַֽנִּשְׁאָרִ֞ים H7604 Article | Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine plural who אֲשֶֽׁר־ H834 Pronoun - relative survived נִשְׁאֲר֤וּ H7604 Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common plural . . . מִן־ H4480 Preposition the exile הַשְּׁבִי֙ H7628 Article | Noun - masculine singular [are] there שָׁ֣ם H8033 Adverb in the province בַּמְּדִינָ֔ה H4082 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singular in great גְדֹלָ֖ה H1419 Adjective - feminine singular trouble בְּרָעָ֥ה H7451 Preposition-b | Adjective - feminine singular and disgrace וּבְחֶרְפָּ֑ה H2781 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular The wall וְחוֹמַ֤ת H2346 Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular construct of Jerusalem יְרוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ H3389 Noun - proper - feminine singular [is] broken down מְפֹרָ֔צֶת H6555 Verb - Pual - Participle - feminine singular and its gates וּשְׁעָרֶ֖יהָ H8179 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person feminine singular have been burned נִצְּת֥וּ H3341 Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common plural with fire בָאֵֽשׁ׃ H784 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - common singular
Verse 4

Original words

- וַיְהִ֞י H1961 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular When I heard כְּשָׁמְעִ֣י׀ H8085 Preposition-k | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | first person common singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker these הָאֵ֗לֶּה H428 Article | Pronoun - common plural words הַדְּבָרִ֣ים H1697 Article | Noun - masculine plural I sat down יָשַׁ֙בְתִּי֙ H3427 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular and wept וָֽאֶבְכֶּ֔ה H1058 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular I mourned וָאֶתְאַבְּלָ֖ה H56 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hitpael - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singular for days יָמִ֑ים H3117 Noun - masculine plural . . . וָֽאֱהִ֥י H1961 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular fasting צָם֙ H6684 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular and praying וּמִתְפַּלֵּ֔ל H6419 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hitpael - Participle - masculine singular before לִפְנֵ֖י H6440 Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct the God אֱלֹהֵ֥י H430 Noun - masculine plural construct of heaven הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃ H8064 Article | Noun - masculine plural
Verse 5

Original words

Then I said וָאֹמַ֗ר H559 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular O אָֽנָּ֤א H577 Interjection LORD יְהוָה֙ H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular God אֱלֹהֵ֣י H430 Noun - masculine plural construct of heaven הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם H8064 Article | Noun - masculine plural the great הַגָּד֖וֹל H1419 Article | Adjective - masculine singular and awesome וְהַנּוֹרָ֑א H3372 Conjunctive waw, Article | Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine singular God הָאֵ֥ל H410 Article | Noun - masculine singular who keeps שֹׁמֵ֤ר H8104 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular His covenant הַבְּרִית֙ H1285 Article | Noun - feminine singular of loving devotion וָחֶ֔סֶד H2617 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular with those who love Him לְאֹהֲבָ֖יו H157 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular and keep וּלְשֹׁמְרֵ֥י H8104 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct His commandments מִצְוֺתָֽיו׃ H4687 Noun - feminine plural construct | third person masculine singular

BSB notes

  • Forms of the Hebrew chesed are translated here and in most cases throughout the Scriptures as loving devotion; the range of meaning includes love, goodness, kindness, faithfulness, and mercy, as well as loyalty to a covenant.
Verse 6

Original words

let Your eyes וְֽעֵינֶ֪יךָ H5869 Conjunctive waw | Noun - cdc | second person masculine singular be תְּהִ֣י H1961 Verb - Qal - Imperfect Jussive - third person feminine singular . . . נָ֣א H4994 Interjection open פְתֻוּח֟וֹת H6605 Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - feminine plural and Your ears אָזְנְךָֽ־ H241 Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine singular attentive קַשֶּׁ֣בֶת H7183 Adjective - feminine singular to hear לִשְׁמֹ֣עַ H8085 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct . . . אֶל־ H413 Preposition the prayer תְּפִלַּ֣ת H8605 Noun - feminine singular construct that אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834 Pronoun - relative I אָנֹכִי֩ H595 Pronoun - first person common singular Your servant עַבְדְּךָ֡ H5650 Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular now הַיּוֹם֙ H3117 Article | Noun - masculine singular pray מִתְפַּלֵּ֨ל H6419 Verb - Hitpael - Participle - masculine singular before You לְפָנֶ֤יךָ H6440 Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct | second person masculine singular day יוֹמָ֣ם H3119 Adverb and night וָלַ֔יְלָה H3915 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular for עַל־ H5921 Preposition Your servants עֲבָדֶ֑יךָ H5650 Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singular the Israelites בְּנֵ֥י H1121 Noun - masculine plural construct . . . יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular I confess וּמִתְוַדֶּ֗ה H3034 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hitpael - Participle - masculine singular . . . עַל־ H5921 Preposition the sins חַטֹּ֤אות H2403 Noun - feminine plural construct that אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834 Pronoun - relative we Israelites בְּנֵֽי־ H1121 Noun - masculine plural construct . . . יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular have committed חָטָ֣אנוּ H2398 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common plural against You לָ֔ךְ Preposition | second person masculine singular Both I וַאֲנִ֥י H589 Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - first person common singular and my father’s אָבִ֖י H1 Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular house וּבֵית־ H1004 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct have sinned חָטָֽאנוּ׃ H2398 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common plural
Verse 7

Original words

We have behaved corruptly חֲבֹ֖ל H2254 Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct . . . חָבַ֣לְנוּ H2254 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common plural against You לָ֑ךְ Preposition | second person feminine singular and have not וְלֹא־ H3808 Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle kept שָׁמַ֣רְנוּ H8104 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common plural - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker the commandments הַמִּצְוֺ֗ת H4687 Article | Noun - feminine plural - וְאֶת־ H853 Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker statutes הַֽחֻקִּים֙ H2706 Article | Noun - masculine plural - וְאֶת־ H853 Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker and ordinances הַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֔ים H4941 Article | Noun - masculine plural that אֲשֶׁ֥ר H834 Pronoun - relative You gave צִוִּ֖יתָ H6680 Verb - Piel - Perfect - second person masculine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker Your servant עַבְדֶּֽךָ׃ H5650 Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular Moses מֹשֶׁ֥ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular
Verse 8

Original words

Remember זְכָר־ H2142 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular I pray נָא֙ H4994 Interjection - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker the word הַדָּבָ֔ר H1697 Article | Noun - masculine singular that אֲשֶׁ֥ר H834 Pronoun - relative You commanded צִוִּ֛יתָ H6680 Verb - Piel - Perfect - second person masculine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker Your servant עַבְדְּךָ֖ H5650 Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular Moses מֹשֶׁ֥ה H4872 Noun - proper - masculine singular when You said לֵאמֹ֑ר H559 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct If you אַתֶּ֣ם H859 Pronoun - second person masculine plural are unfaithful תִּמְעָ֔לוּ H4603 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural I אֲנִ֕י H589 Pronoun - first person common singular will scatter אָפִ֥יץ H6327 Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - first person common singular you אֶתְכֶ֖ם H853 Direct object marker | second person masculine plural among the nations בָּעַמִּֽים׃ H5971 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine plural
Verse 9

Original words

but [if] you return וְשַׁבְתֶּ֣ם H7725 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine plural to Me אֵלַ֔י H413 Preposition | first person common singular and keep וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם֙ H8104 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine plural and practice וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֖ם H6213 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine plural - אֹתָ֑ם H853 Direct object marker | third person masculine plural My commandments מִצְוֺתַ֔י H4687 Noun - feminine plural construct | first person common singular then even if אִם־ H518 Conjunction your exiles נִֽדַּחֲכֶ֜ם H5080 Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine singular construct | second person masculine plural have been יִהְיֶ֨ה H1961 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular {banished} to the farthest בִּקְצֵ֤ה H7097 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct horizon הַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ H8064 Article | Noun - masculine plural I will gather them אֲקַבְּצֵ֔ם H6908 Verb - Piel - Imperfect - first person common singular | third person masculine plural from there מִשָּׁ֣ם H8033 Preposition-m | Adverb and bring them וַהֲבוֹאֹתִים H935 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular | third person masculine plural to אֶל־ H413 Preposition the place הַמָּק֔וֹם H4725 Article | Noun - masculine singular - אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834 Pronoun - relative I have chosen בָּחַ֔רְתִּי H977 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular as a dwelling לְשַׁכֵּ֥ן H7931 Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct for אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker My Name שְׁמִ֖י H8034 Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular שָֽׁם׃ שָֽׁם׃ H8033 Adverb

BSB notes

  • Or to the extremity of the heavens
  • Deuteronomy 30:1–4
Verse 10

Original words

They וְהֵ֥ם H1992 Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - third person masculine plural are Your servants עֲבָדֶ֖יךָ H5650 Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singular and Your people וְעַמֶּ֑ךָ H5971 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular You redeemed פָּדִ֙יתָ֙ H6299 Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singular them אֲשֶׁ֤ר H834 Pronoun - relative by Your great הַגָּד֔וֹל H1419 Article | Adjective - masculine singular power בְּכֹחֲךָ֣ H3581 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular and mighty הַחֲזָקָֽה׃ H2389 Article | Adjective - feminine singular hand וּבְיָדְךָ֖ H3027 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine singular
Verse 11

Original words

O Lord אֲדֹנָ֗י H136 Noun - proper - masculine singular - אָנָּ֣א H577 Interjection may Your ear אָזְנְךָֽ־ H241 Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine singular be תְּהִ֣י H1961 Verb - Qal - Imperfect Jussive - third person feminine singular . . . נָ֣א H4994 Interjection attentive קַ֠שֶּׁבֶת H7183 Adjective - feminine singular to אֶל־ H413 Preposition [my] prayer תְּפִלַּ֨ת H8605 Noun - feminine singular construct . . . עַבְדְּךָ֜ H5650 Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular and to וְאֶל־ H413 Conjunctive waw | Preposition the prayers תְּפִלַּ֣ת H8605 Noun - feminine singular construct of Your servants עֲבָדֶ֗יךָ H5650 Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singular who delight הַֽחֲפֵצִים֙ H2655 Article | Adjective - masculine plural to revere לְיִרְאָ֣ה H3372 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | third person feminine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker Your name שְׁמֶ֔ךָ H8034 Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular Give Your servant לְעַבְדְּךָ֙ H5650 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular success וְהַצְלִֽיחָה־ H6743 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Imperative - masculine singular | third person feminine singular this day הַיּ֔וֹם H3117 Article | Noun - masculine singular I pray נָּ֤א H4994 Interjection and grant him וּתְנֵ֣הוּ H5414 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular | third person masculine singular mercy לְרַחֲמִ֔ים H7356 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural in the sight לִפְנֵ֖י H6440 Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct of this הַזֶּ֑ה H2088 Article | Pronoun - masculine singular man הָאִ֣ישׁ H376 Article | Noun - masculine singular At that time I וַאֲנִ֛י H589 Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - first person common singular was הָיִ֥יתִי H1961 Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular the cupbearer מַשְׁקֶ֖ה H4945 Noun - masculine singular to the king לַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃פ H4428 Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular

BSB notes

  • Literally to the prayer of Your servant and to the prayer of Your servants

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.