Focused Passage

John 1:19-34

The Word Made Flesh, Witnessed, and Followed

The eternal Word enters the world as incarnate Light, is witnessed by John, identified as the Lamb and Son of God, and begins gathering disciples who confess him with expanding messianic titles.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

19And this was John’s testimony when the Jews of Jerusalem sent priests and Levites to ask him, “Who are you?”

20He did not refuse to confess, but openly declared, “I am not the Christ.”

21“Then who are you?” they inquired. “Are you Elijah?” He said, “I am not.” “Are you the Prophet?” He answered, “No.”

22So they said to him, “Who are you? We need an answer for those who sent us. What do you say about yourself?”

23John replied in the words of Isaiah the prophet: “I am a voice of one calling in the wilderness, ‘Make straight the way for the Lord.’”

24Then the Pharisees who had been sent

25asked him, “Why then do you baptize, if you are not the Christ, nor Elijah, nor the Prophet?”

26“I baptize with water,” John replied, “but among you stands One you do not know.

27He is the One who comes after me, the straps of whose sandals I am not worthy to untie.”

28All this happened at Bethany beyond the Jordan, where John was baptizing.

29The next day John saw Jesus coming toward him and said, “Look, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world!

30This is He of whom I said, ‘A man who comes after me has surpassed me because He was before me.’

31I myself did not know Him, but the reason I came baptizing with water was that He might be revealed to Israel.”

32Then John testified, “I saw the Spirit descending from heaven like a dove and resting on Him.

33I myself did not know Him, but the One who sent me to baptize with water told me, ‘The man on whom you see the Spirit descend and rest is He who will baptize with the Holy Spirit.’

34I have seen and testified that this is the Son of God.”

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 19

Original words

AndΚαὶG2532ConjunctionthisαὕτηG3778Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Feminine SingularwasἐστὶνG1510Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular-G3588Article - Nominative Feminine SingularvvvτοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine SingularJohn’sἸωάννουG2491Noun - Genitive Masculine SingulartestimonyμαρτυρίαG3141Noun - Nominative Feminine SingularwhenὅτεG3753AdverbtheοἱG3588Article - Nominative Masculine PluralJewsἸουδαῖοιG2453Adjective - Nominative Masculine PluralofἐξG1537PrepositionJerusalemἹεροσολύμωνG2414Noun - Genitive Neuter PluralsentἀπέστειλανG649Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural-πρὸςG4314Preposition-αὐτὸνG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person SingularpriestsἱερεῖςG2409Noun - Accusative Masculine PluralandκαὶG2532ConjunctionLevitesΛευίταςG3019Noun - Accusative Masculine PluraltoἵναG2443ConjunctionaskἐρωτήσωσινG2065Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 3rd Person PluralhimαὐτόνG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person SingularWhoτίςG5101Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Nominative Masculine SingularareεἶG1510Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person SingularyouΣὺG4771Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 2nd Person Singular
Verse 20

Original words

-καὶG2532ConjunctionHe did not refuse to confessὡμολόγησενG3670Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular. . .καὶG2532Conjunction. . .οὐκG3756Adverb. . .ἠρνήσατοG720Verb - Aorist Indicative Middle - 3rd Person SingularbutκαὶG2532Conjunctionopenly declaredὡμολόγησενG3670Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular-ὅτιG3754ConjunctionIἘγὼG1473Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person SingularamεἰμὶG1510Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person SingularnotοὐκG3756AdverbtheG3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularChristΧριστόςG5547Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular
Verse 21

Original words

ThenοὖνG3767Conjunctionwho [are you]ΤίG5101Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Nominative Neuter Singular-ΚαὶG2532Conjunctionthey inquiredἠρώτησανG2065Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural. . .αὐτόνG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person SingularAreεἶG1510Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person SingularyouσὺG4771Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 2nd Person SingularElijahἨλίαςG2243Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular-ΚαὶG2532ConjunctionHe saidλέγειG3004Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularI amεἰμίG1510Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person SingularnotΟὐκG3756AdverbAreεἶG1510Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person SingularyouσύG4771Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 2nd Person SingulartheG3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularProphetπροφήτηςG4396Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular-ΚαὶG2532ConjunctionHe answeredἀπεκρίθηG611Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person SingularNoΟὔG3756Adverb
Verse 22

Original words

SoοὖνG3767Conjunctionthey saidΕἶπανG2036Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Pluralto himαὐτῷG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person SingularWhoΤίςG5101Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singularare youεἶG1510Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person SingularvvvἵναG2443ConjunctionWe needδῶμενG1325Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 1st Person Pluralan answerἀπόκρισινG612Noun - Accusative Feminine Singularfor thoseτοῖςG3588Article - Dative Masculine Pluralwho sentπέμψασινG3992Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Dative Masculine PluralusἡμᾶςG1473Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 1st Person PluralWhatτίG5101Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Singulardo you sayλέγειςG3004Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person SingularaboutπερὶG4012PrepositionyourselfσεαυτοῦG4572Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 2nd Person Singular
Verse 23

Original words

[John] repliedἜφηG5346Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularinκαθὼςG2531Adverbthe words ofεἶπενG2036Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularIsaiahἨσαΐαςG2268Noun - Nominative Masculine SingulartheG3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularprophetπροφήτηςG4396Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularI [am]ἘγὼG1473Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person Singulara voiceφωνὴG5456Noun - Nominative Feminine Singularof one callingβοῶντοςG994Verb - Present Participle Active - Genitive Masculine SingularinἐνG1722PrepositiontheτῇG3588Article - Dative Feminine SingularwildernessἐρήμῳG2048Adjective - Dative Feminine SingularMake straightΕὐθύνατεG2116Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person PluraltheτὴνG3588Article - Accusative Feminine SingularwayὁδὸνG3598Noun - Accusative Feminine Singularfor [the] LordΚυρίουG2962Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular

BSB notes

  • Isaiah 40:3 (see also LXX)
Verse 24

Original words

ThenΚαὶG2532ConjunctiontheτῶνG3588Article - Genitive Masculine PluralPhariseesΦαρισαίωνG5330Noun - Genitive Masculine Pluralwho had been sentἀπεσταλμένοιG649Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine Plural. . .ἦσανG1510Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural. . .ἐκG1537Preposition
Verse 25

Original words

-καὶG2532ConjunctionaskedἠρώτησανG2065Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person PluralhimαὐτὸνG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular-καὶG2532Conjunction-εἶπανG2036Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural-αὐτῷG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person SingularWhyΤίG5101Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Accusative Neuter SingularthenοὖνG3767Conjunctiondo you baptizeβαπτίζειςG907Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person SingularifεἰG1487ConjunctionyouσὺG4771Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 2nd Person SingularareεἶG1510Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person SingularnotοὐκG3756AdverbtheG3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularChristΧριστὸςG5547Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularnorοὐδὲG3761ConjunctionElijahἨλίαςG2243Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularnorοὐδὲG3761ConjunctiontheG3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularProphetπροφήτηςG4396Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular
Verse 26

Original words

IἘγὼG1473Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person SingularbaptizeβαπτίζωG907Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person SingularwithἐνG1722PrepositionwaterὕδατιG5204Noun - Dative Neuter Singular-G3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularJohnἸωάννηςG2491Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularrepliedἈπεκρίθηG611Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular. . .αὐτοῖςG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural. . .λέγωνG3004Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singularbut amongμέσοςG3319Adjective - Nominative Masculine SingularyouὑμῶνG4771Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 2nd Person Pluralstandsἕστηκεν*G2476Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular[One]ὃνG3739Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine SingularyouὑμεῖςG4771Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 2nd Person Plural{do} notοὐκG3756AdverbknowοἴδατεG1492Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 2nd Person Plural

BSB notes

  • Or in; also in verse 31 and twice in 33
Verse 27

Original words

[He is] the One whoG3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularcomesἐρχόμενοςG2064Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine SingularafterὀπίσωG3694PrepositionmeμουG1473Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person SingulartheτὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine SingularstrapsἱμάνταG2438Noun - Accusative Masculine Singularof whoseοὗG3739Personal / Relative Pronoun - Genitive Masculine Singular-αὐτοῦG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular-τοῦG3588Article - Genitive Neuter SingularsandalsὑποδήματοςG5266Noun - Genitive Neuter SingularIἐγὼG1473Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person SingularamεἰμὶG1510Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person SingularnotοὐκG3756AdverbworthyἄξιοςG514Adjective - Nominative Masculine SingulartoἵναG2443ConjunctionuntieλύσωG3089Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 1st Person Singular
Verse 28

Original words

All thisΤαῦταG3778Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Neuter PluralhappenedἐγένετοG1096Verb - Aorist Indicative Middle - 3rd Person SingularatἐνG1722PrepositionBethanyΒηθανίᾳG963Noun - Dative Feminine SingularbeyondπέρανG4008PrepositiontheτοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine SingularJordanἸορδάνουG2446Noun - Genitive Masculine SingularwhereὅπουG3699Adverb-G3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularJohnἸωάννηςG2491Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularwasἦνG1510Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularbaptizingβαπτίζωνG907Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular
Verse 29

Original words

TheΤῇG3588Article - Dative Feminine Singularnext dayἐπαύριονG1887Adverb[John] sawβλέπειG991Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular-τὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine SingularJesusἸησοῦνG2424Noun - Accusative Masculine SingularcomingἐρχόμενονG2064Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Accusative Masculine SingulartowardπρὸςG4314PrepositionhimαὐτόνG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctionsaidλέγειG3004Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularLookἼδεG2400Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person SingulartheG3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularLambἈμνὸςG286Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular-τοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine Singularof GodΘεοῦG2316Noun - Genitive Masculine SingularwhoG3588Article - Nominative Masculine Singulartakes awayαἴρωνG142Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine SingulartheτὴνG3588Article - Accusative Feminine SingularsinἁμαρτίανG266Noun - Accusative Feminine Singularof theτοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine SingularworldκόσμουG2889Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Verse 30

Original words

This isἐστινG1510Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularHeοὗτόςG3778Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine SingularofὑπὲρG5228PrepositionwhomοὗG3739Personal / Relative Pronoun - Genitive Masculine SingularIἐγὼG1473Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person SingularsaidεἶπονG2036Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 1st Person SingularA manἀνὴρG435Noun - Nominative Masculine Singularwho comesἔρχεταιG2064Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person SingularafterὈπίσωG3694PrepositionmeμουG1473Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Singular-ὃςG3739Personal / Relative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine SingularhasγέγονενG1096Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularsurpassedἔμπροσθένG1715PrepositionmeμουG1473Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person SingularbecauseὅτιG3754ConjunctionHe wasἦνG1510Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularbeforeπρῶτόςG4413Adjective - Nominative Masculine SingularmeμουG1473Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Singular
Verse 31

Original words

I myselfκἀγὼG2504Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person Singular{did} notοὐκG3756AdverbknowᾔδεινG1492Verb - Pluperfect Indicative Active - 1st Person SingularHimαὐτόνG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singularbutἀλλ’G235Conjunctionthe reasonδιὰG1223Preposition. . .τοῦτοG3778Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Neuter SingularIἐγὼG1473Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person SingularcameἦλθονG2064Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 1st Person SingularbaptizingβαπτίζωνG907Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine SingularwithἐνG1722PrepositionwaterὕδατιG5204Noun - Dative Neuter Singular[was] thatἵναG2443ConjunctionHe might be revealedφανερωθῇG5319Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Passive - 3rd Person Singular-τῷG3588Article - Dative Masculine Singularto IsraelἸσραὴλG2474Noun - Dative Masculine Singular
Verse 32

Original words

ThenΚαὶG2532ConjunctionJohnἸωάννηςG2491Noun - Nominative Masculine SingulartestifiedἐμαρτύρησενG3140Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular. . .λέγωνG3004Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular-ὅτιG3754ConjunctionI sawΤεθέαμαιG2300Verb - Perfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 1st Person SingulartheτὸG3588Article - Accusative Neuter SingularSpiritΠνεῦμαG4151Noun - Accusative Neuter SingulardescendingκαταβαῖνονG2597Verb - Present Participle Active - Accusative Neuter SingularfromἐξG1537PrepositionheavenοὐρανοῦG3772Noun - Genitive Masculine SingularlikeὡςG5613Adverba doveπεριστερὰνG4058Noun - Accusative Feminine SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctionrestingἔμεινενG3306Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singularonἐπ’G1909PrepositionHimαὐτόνG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular
Verse 33

Original words

I myselfκἀγὼG2504Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person Singular{did} notοὐκG3756AdverbknowᾔδεινG1492Verb - Pluperfect Indicative Active - 1st Person SingularHimαὐτόνG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singularbutἀλλ’G235Conjunctionthe [One who]G3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularsentπέμψαςG3992Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine SingularmeμεG1473Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 1st Person Singularto baptizeβαπτίζεινG907Verb - Present Infinitive ActivewithἐνG1722PrepositionwaterὕδατιG5204Noun - Dative Neuter Singular-ἐκεῖνόςG1565Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine SingulartoldεἶπενG2036Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularmeμοιG1473Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative 1st Person Singular[The man] onἘφ’G1909PrepositionwhomὃνG3739Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singular. . .ἂνG302Particleyou seeἴδῃςG3708Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 2nd Person SingulartheτὸG3588Article - Accusative Neuter SingularSpiritΠνεῦμαG4151Noun - Accusative Neuter SingulardescendκαταβαῖνονG2597Verb - Present Participle Active - Accusative Neuter SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctionrestμένονG3306Verb - Present Participle Active - Accusative Neuter Singular-ἐπ’G1909Preposition-αὐτόνG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person SingularisἐστινG1510Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular-οὗτόςG3778Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine SingularHeG3588Article - Nominative Masculine Singularwho will baptizeβαπτίζωνG907Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine SingularwithἐνG1722Preposition[the] HolyἉγίῳG40Adjective - Dative Neuter SingularSpiritΠνεύματιG4151Noun - Dative Neuter Singular
Verse 34

Original words

IκἀγὼG2504Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person Singularhave seenἑώρακαG3708Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 1st Person SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctiontestifiedμεμαρτύρηκαG3140Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 1st Person SingularthatὅτιG3754ConjunctionthisοὗτόςG3778Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine SingularisἐστινG1510Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingulartheG3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularSonΥἱὸςG5207Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular-τοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine Singularof GodΘεοῦG2316Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular

BSB notes

  • SBL the Chosen One of God

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.