Focused Passage

John 1:19-34

The Word Made Flesh, Witnessed, and Followed

The eternal Word enters the world as incarnate Light, is witnessed by John, identified as the Lamb and Son of God, and begins gathering disciples who confess him with expanding messianic titles.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

19 And this was John’s testimony when the Jews of Jerusalem sent priests and Levites to ask him, “Who are you?”

20 He did not refuse to confess, but openly declared, “I am not the Christ.”

21 “Then who are you?” they inquired. “Are you Elijah?” He said, “I am not.” “Are you the Prophet?” He answered, “No.”

22 So they said to him, “Who are you? We need an answer for those who sent us. What do you say about yourself?”

23 John replied in the words of Isaiah the prophet: “I am a voice of one calling in the wilderness, ‘Make straight the way for the Lord.’”

24 Then the Pharisees who had been sent

25 asked him, “Why then do you baptize, if you are not the Christ, nor Elijah, nor the Prophet?”

26 “I baptize with water,” John replied, “but among you stands One you do not know.

27 He is the One who comes after me, the straps of whose sandals I am not worthy to untie.”

28 All this happened at Bethany beyond the Jordan, where John was baptizing.

29 The next day John saw Jesus coming toward him and said, “Look, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world!

30 This is He of whom I said, ‘A man who comes after me has surpassed me because He was before me.’

31 I myself did not know Him, but the reason I came baptizing with water was that He might be revealed to Israel.”

32 Then John testified, “I saw the Spirit descending from heaven like a dove and resting on Him.

33 I myself did not know Him, but the One who sent me to baptize with water told me, ‘The man on whom you see the Spirit descend and rest is He who will baptize with the Holy Spirit.’

34 I have seen and testified that this is the Son of God.”

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 19

Original words

And Καὶ G2532 Conjunction this αὕτη G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Feminine Singular was ἐστὶν G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular - G3588 Article - Nominative Feminine Singular vvv τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular John’s Ἰωάννου G2491 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular testimony μαρτυρία G3141 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular when ὅτε G3753 Adverb the οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural Jews Ἰουδαῖοι G2453 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Plural of ἐξ G1537 Preposition Jerusalem Ἱεροσολύμων G2414 Noun - Genitive Neuter Plural sent ἀπέστειλαν G649 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural - πρὸς G4314 Preposition - αὐτὸν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular priests ἱερεῖς G2409 Noun - Accusative Masculine Plural and καὶ G2532 Conjunction Levites Λευίτας G3019 Noun - Accusative Masculine Plural to ἵνα G2443 Conjunction ask ἐρωτήσωσιν G2065 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 3rd Person Plural him αὐτόν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular Who τίς G5101 Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular are εἶ G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular you Σὺ G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 2nd Person Singular
Verse 20

Original words

- καὶ G2532 Conjunction He did not refuse to confess ὡμολόγησεν G3670 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular . . . καὶ G2532 Conjunction . . . οὐκ G3756 Adverb . . . ἠρνήσατο G720 Verb - Aorist Indicative Middle - 3rd Person Singular but καὶ G2532 Conjunction openly declared ὡμολόγησεν G3670 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular - ὅτι G3754 Conjunction I Ἐγὼ G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person Singular am εἰμὶ G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular not οὐκ G3756 Adverb the G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Christ Χριστός G5547 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular
Verse 21

Original words

Then οὖν G3767 Conjunction who [are you] Τί G5101 Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Nominative Neuter Singular - Καὶ G2532 Conjunction they inquired ἠρώτησαν G2065 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural . . . αὐτόν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular Are εἶ G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular you σὺ G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 2nd Person Singular Elijah Ἠλίας G2243 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular - Καὶ G2532 Conjunction He said λέγει G3004 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular I am εἰμί G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular not Οὐκ G3756 Adverb Are εἶ G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular you σύ G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 2nd Person Singular the G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Prophet προφήτης G4396 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular - Καὶ G2532 Conjunction He answered ἀπεκρίθη G611 Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular No Οὔ G3756 Adverb
Verse 22

Original words

So οὖν G3767 Conjunction they said Εἶπαν G2036 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural to him αὐτῷ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular Who Τίς G5101 Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular are you εἶ G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular vvv ἵνα G2443 Conjunction We need δῶμεν G1325 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 1st Person Plural an answer ἀπόκρισιν G612 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular for those τοῖς G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Plural who sent πέμψασιν G3992 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Dative Masculine Plural us ἡμᾶς G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 1st Person Plural What τί G5101 Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Singular do you say λέγεις G3004 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular about περὶ G4012 Preposition yourself σεαυτοῦ G4572 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 2nd Person Singular
Verse 23

Original words

[John] replied Ἔφη G5346 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular in καθὼς G2531 Adverb the words of εἶπεν G2036 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular Isaiah Ἠσαΐας G2268 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular the G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular prophet προφήτης G4396 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular I [am] Ἐγὼ G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person Singular a voice φωνὴ G5456 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular of one calling βοῶντος G994 Verb - Present Participle Active - Genitive Masculine Singular in ἐν G1722 Preposition the τῇ G3588 Article - Dative Feminine Singular wilderness ἐρήμῳ G2048 Adjective - Dative Feminine Singular Make straight Εὐθύνατε G2116 Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Plural the τὴν G3588 Article - Accusative Feminine Singular way ὁδὸν G3598 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular for [the] Lord Κυρίου G2962 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular

BSB notes

  • Isaiah 40:3 (see also LXX)
Verse 24

Original words

Then Καὶ G2532 Conjunction the τῶν G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Plural Pharisees Φαρισαίων G5330 Noun - Genitive Masculine Plural who had been sent ἀπεσταλμένοι G649 Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine Plural . . . ἦσαν G1510 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural . . . ἐκ G1537 Preposition
Verse 25

Original words

- καὶ G2532 Conjunction asked ἠρώτησαν G2065 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural him αὐτὸν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular - καὶ G2532 Conjunction - εἶπαν G2036 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural - αὐτῷ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular Why Τί G5101 Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Singular then οὖν G3767 Conjunction do you baptize βαπτίζεις G907 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular if εἰ G1487 Conjunction you σὺ G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 2nd Person Singular are εἶ G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular not οὐκ G3756 Adverb the G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Christ Χριστὸς G5547 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular nor οὐδὲ G3761 Conjunction Elijah Ἠλίας G2243 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular nor οὐδὲ G3761 Conjunction the G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Prophet προφήτης G4396 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular
Verse 26

Original words

I Ἐγὼ G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person Singular baptize βαπτίζω G907 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular with ἐν G1722 Preposition water ὕδατι G5204 Noun - Dative Neuter Singular - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular John Ἰωάννης G2491 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular replied Ἀπεκρίθη G611 Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular . . . αὐτοῖς G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural . . . λέγων G3004 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular but among μέσος G3319 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular you ὑμῶν G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 2nd Person Plural stands ἕστηκεν* G2476 Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular [One] ὃν G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singular you ὑμεῖς G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 2nd Person Plural {do} not οὐκ G3756 Adverb know οἴδατε G1492 Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 2nd Person Plural

BSB notes

  • Or in; also in verse 31 and twice in 33
Verse 27

Original words

[He is] the One who G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular comes ἐρχόμενος G2064 Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine Singular after ὀπίσω G3694 Preposition me μου G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Singular the τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular straps ἱμάντα G2438 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular of whose οὗ G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Genitive Masculine Singular - αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular - τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Neuter Singular sandals ὑποδήματος G5266 Noun - Genitive Neuter Singular I ἐγὼ G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person Singular am εἰμὶ G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular not οὐκ G3756 Adverb worthy ἄξιος G514 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular to ἵνα G2443 Conjunction untie λύσω G3089 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 1st Person Singular
Verse 28

Original words

All this Ταῦτα G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Neuter Plural happened ἐγένετο G1096 Verb - Aorist Indicative Middle - 3rd Person Singular at ἐν G1722 Preposition Bethany Βηθανίᾳ G963 Noun - Dative Feminine Singular beyond πέραν G4008 Preposition the τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular Jordan Ἰορδάνου G2446 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular where ὅπου G3699 Adverb - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular John Ἰωάννης G2491 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular was ἦν G1510 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular baptizing βαπτίζων G907 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular
Verse 29

Original words

The Τῇ G3588 Article - Dative Feminine Singular next day ἐπαύριον G1887 Adverb [John] saw βλέπει G991 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular Jesus Ἰησοῦν G2424 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular coming ἐρχόμενον G2064 Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Accusative Masculine Singular toward πρὸς G4314 Preposition him αὐτόν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction said λέγει G3004 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular Look Ἴδε G2400 Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Singular the G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Lamb Ἀμνὸς G286 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular - τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular of God Θεοῦ G2316 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular who G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular takes away αἴρων G142 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular the τὴν G3588 Article - Accusative Feminine Singular sin ἁμαρτίαν G266 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular of the τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular world κόσμου G2889 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Verse 30

Original words

This is ἐστιν G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular He οὗτός G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular of ὑπὲρ G5228 Preposition whom οὗ G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Genitive Masculine Singular I ἐγὼ G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person Singular said εἶπον G2036 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular A man ἀνὴρ G435 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular who comes ἔρχεται G2064 Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Singular after Ὀπίσω G3694 Preposition me μου G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Singular - ὃς G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular has γέγονεν G1096 Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular surpassed ἔμπροσθέν G1715 Preposition me μου G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Singular because ὅτι G3754 Conjunction He was ἦν G1510 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular before πρῶτός G4413 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular me μου G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Singular
Verse 31

Original words

I myself κἀγὼ G2504 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person Singular {did} not οὐκ G3756 Adverb know ᾔδειν G1492 Verb - Pluperfect Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular Him αὐτόν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular but ἀλλ’ G235 Conjunction the reason διὰ G1223 Preposition . . . τοῦτο G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Singular I ἐγὼ G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person Singular came ἦλθον G2064 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular baptizing βαπτίζων G907 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular with ἐν G1722 Preposition water ὕδατι G5204 Noun - Dative Neuter Singular [was] that ἵνα G2443 Conjunction He might be revealed φανερωθῇ G5319 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Passive - 3rd Person Singular - τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Singular to Israel Ἰσραὴλ G2474 Noun - Dative Masculine Singular
Verse 32

Original words

Then Καὶ G2532 Conjunction John Ἰωάννης G2491 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular testified ἐμαρτύρησεν G3140 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular . . . λέγων G3004 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular - ὅτι G3754 Conjunction I saw Τεθέαμαι G2300 Verb - Perfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 1st Person Singular the τὸ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Singular Spirit Πνεῦμα G4151 Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular descending καταβαῖνον G2597 Verb - Present Participle Active - Accusative Neuter Singular from ἐξ G1537 Preposition heaven οὐρανοῦ G3772 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular like ὡς G5613 Adverb a dove περιστερὰν G4058 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction resting ἔμεινεν G3306 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular on ἐπ’ G1909 Preposition Him αὐτόν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular
Verse 33

Original words

I myself κἀγὼ G2504 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person Singular {did} not οὐκ G3756 Adverb know ᾔδειν G1492 Verb - Pluperfect Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular Him αὐτόν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular but ἀλλ’ G235 Conjunction the [One who] G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular sent πέμψας G3992 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular me με G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 1st Person Singular to baptize βαπτίζειν G907 Verb - Present Infinitive Active with ἐν G1722 Preposition water ὕδατι G5204 Noun - Dative Neuter Singular - ἐκεῖνός G1565 Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular told εἶπεν G2036 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular me μοι G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative 1st Person Singular [The man] on Ἐφ’ G1909 Preposition whom ὃν G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singular . . . ἂν G302 Particle you see ἴδῃς G3708 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 2nd Person Singular the τὸ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Singular Spirit Πνεῦμα G4151 Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular descend καταβαῖνον G2597 Verb - Present Participle Active - Accusative Neuter Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction rest μένον G3306 Verb - Present Participle Active - Accusative Neuter Singular - ἐπ’ G1909 Preposition - αὐτόν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular is ἐστιν G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular - οὗτός G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular He G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular who will baptize βαπτίζων G907 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular with ἐν G1722 Preposition [the] Holy Ἁγίῳ G40 Adjective - Dative Neuter Singular Spirit Πνεύματι G4151 Noun - Dative Neuter Singular
Verse 34

Original words

I κἀγὼ G2504 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person Singular have seen ἑώρακα G3708 Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction testified μεμαρτύρηκα G3140 Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular that ὅτι G3754 Conjunction this οὗτός G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular is ἐστιν G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular the G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Son Υἱὸς G5207 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular - τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular of God Θεοῦ G2316 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular

BSB notes

  • SBL the Chosen One of God

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.