Focused Passage

Isaiah 40:12-31

Comfort, the Enduring Word, and the Incomparable God

Isaiah 40 moves from the LORD’s command to comfort His people after judgment, to the voice preparing the way of the LORD in the wilderness, to the contrast between fading flesh and the enduring word of God, to the heralding of the LORD’s coming as both mighty ruler and tender shepherd, to the incomparability of the Creator over nations, idols, rulers, stars, and weary people, and finally to the promise that those who hope in the LORD will renew their strength.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

12 Who has measured the waters in the hollow of his hand, or marked off the heavens with the span of his hand? Who has held the dust of the earth in a basket, or weighed the mountains on a scale and the hills with a balance?

13 Who has directed the Spirit of the LORD, or informed Him as His counselor?

14 Whom did He consult to enlighten Him, and who taught Him the paths of justice? Who imparted knowledge to Him and showed Him the way of understanding?

15 Surely the nations are like a drop in a bucket; they are considered a speck of dust on the scales; He lifts up the islands like fine dust.

16 Lebanon is not sufficient for fuel, nor its animals enough for a burnt offering.

17 All the nations are as nothing before Him; He regards them as nothingness and emptiness.

18 To whom will you liken God? To what image will you compare Him?

19 To an idol that a craftsman casts and a metalworker overlays with gold and fits with silver chains?

20 One lacking such an offering chooses wood that will not rot. He seeks a skilled craftsman to set up an idol that will not topple.

21 Do you not know? Have you not heard? Has it not been declared to you from the beginning? Have you not understood since the foundation of the earth?

22 He sits enthroned above the circle of the earth; its dwellers are like grasshoppers. He stretches out the heavens like a curtain, and spreads them out like a tent to dwell in.

23 He brings the princes to nothing and makes the rulers of the earth meaningless.

24 No sooner are they planted, no sooner are they sown, no sooner have their stems taken root in the ground, than He blows on them and they wither, and a whirlwind sweeps them away like stubble.

25 “To whom will you liken Me, or who is My equal?” asks the Holy One.

26 Lift up your eyes on high: Who created all these? He leads forth the starry host by number; He calls each one by name. Because of His great power and mighty strength, not one of them is missing.

27 Why do you say, O Jacob, and why do you assert, O Israel, “My way is hidden from the LORD, and my claim is ignored by my God”?

28 Do you not know? Have you not heard? The LORD is the everlasting God, the Creator of the ends of the earth. He will not grow tired or weary; His understanding is beyond searching out.

29 He gives power to the faint and increases the strength of the weak.

30 Even youths grow tired and weary, and young men stumble and fall.

31 But those who wait upon the LORD will renew their strength; they will mount up with wings like eagles; they will run and not grow weary, they will walk and not faint.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 12

Original words

Who מִֽי־ H4310 Interrogative has measured מָדַ֨ד H4058 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular the waters מַ֗יִם H4325 Noun - masculine plural in the hollow of his hand בְּשָׁעֳל֜וֹ H8168 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular or marked off תִּכֵּ֔ן H8505 Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular the heavens וְשָׁמַ֙יִם֙ H8064 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural with the span of his hand? בַּזֶּ֣רֶת H2239 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singular Who has held וְכָ֥ל H3557 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular the dust עֲפַ֣ר H6083 Noun - masculine singular construct of the earth הָאָ֑רֶץ H776 Article | Noun - feminine singular in a basket בַּשָּׁלִ֖שׁ H7991 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular or weighed וְשָׁקַ֤ל H8254 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular the mountains הָרִ֔ים H2022 Noun - masculine plural on a scale בַּפֶּ֙לֶס֙ H6425 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular and the hills וּגְבָע֖וֹת H1389 Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine plural with a balance בְּמֹאזְנָֽיִם׃ H3976 Preposition-b | Noun - md
Verse 13

Original words

Who מִֽי־ H4310 Interrogative has directed תִכֵּ֥ן H8505 Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular - אֶת־ H853 Direct object marker the Spirit ר֖וּחַ H7307 Noun - common singular construct of the LORD יְהוָ֑ה H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular . . . וְאִ֥ישׁ H376 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct or informed Him יוֹדִיעֶֽנּוּ׃ H3045 Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular [as] His counselor עֲצָת֖וֹ H6098 Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular

BSB notes

  • Or mind of the LORD; see also LXX.
  • Cited in Romans 11:34 and 1 Corinthians 2:16
Verse 14

Original words

Whom מִ֤י H4310 Interrogative did He consult נוֹעָץ֙ H3289 Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singular . . . אֶת־ H854 Preposition to enlighten Him וַיְבִינֵ֔הוּ H995 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular and who taught Him וַֽיְלַמְּדֵ֖הוּ H3925 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular the paths בְּאֹ֣רַח H734 Preposition-b | Noun - common singular construct of justice מִשְׁפָּ֑ט H4941 Noun - masculine singular Who imparted וַיְלַמְּדֵ֣הוּ H3925 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular knowledge to Him דַ֔עַת H1847 Noun - feminine singular and showed Him יוֹדִיעֶֽנּוּ׃ H3045 Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular the way וְדֶ֥רֶךְ H1870 Conjunctive waw | Noun - common singular construct of understanding תְּבוּנ֖וֹת H8394 Noun - feminine plural
Verse 15

Original words

Surely הֵ֤ן H2005 Interjection the nations גּוֹיִם֙ H1471 Noun - masculine plural are like a drop כְּמַ֣ר H4752 Preposition-k | Noun - masculine singular construct in a bucket מִדְּלִ֔י H1805 Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular they are considered נֶחְשָׁ֑בוּ H2803 Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common plural . . . הֵ֥ן H2005 Interjection a speck of dust וּכְשַׁ֥חַק H7834 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-k | Noun - masculine singular construct on the scales מֹאזְנַ֖יִם H3976 Noun - md He lifts up יִטּֽוֹל׃ H5190 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular the islands אִיִּ֖ים H339 Noun - masculine plural like fine dust כַּדַּ֥ק H1851 Preposition-k, Article | Adjective - masculine singular

BSB notes

  • Or coastlands
Verse 16

Original words

Lebanon וּלְבָנ֕וֹן H3844 Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - feminine singular [is] not אֵ֥ין H369 Adverb sufficient דֵּ֖י H1767 Noun - masculine singular construct for fuel בָּעֵ֑ר H1197 Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct nor its animals וְחַיָּת֔וֹ H2416 Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular . . . אֵ֥ין H369 Adverb enough דֵּ֖י H1767 Noun - masculine singular construct for a burnt offering עוֹלָֽה׃ס H5930 Noun - feminine singular
Verse 17

Original words

All כָּל־ H3605 Noun - masculine singular construct the nations הַגּוֹיִ֖ם H1471 Article | Noun - masculine plural are as nothing כְּאַ֣יִן H369 Preposition-k | Adverb before Him נֶגְדּ֑וֹ H5048 Preposition | third person masculine singular He regards them נֶחְשְׁבוּ־ H2803 Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common plural as nothingness מֵאֶ֥פֶס H657 Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular and emptiness וָתֹ֖הוּ H8414 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 18

Original words

To whom מִ֖י H4310 Interrogative will you liken תְּדַמְּי֣וּן H1819 Verb - Piel - Imperfect - second person masculine plural | Paragogic nun God אֵ֑ל H410 Noun - masculine singular - וְאֶל־ H413 Conjunctive waw | Preposition To what וּמַה־ H4100 Conjunctive waw | Interrogative image דְּמ֖וּת H1823 Noun - feminine singular will you compare תַּ֥עַרְכוּ H6186 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural Him לֽוֹ׃ Preposition | third person masculine singular
Verse 19

Original words

To an idol הַפֶּ֙סֶל֙ H6459 Article | Noun - masculine singular that a craftsman חָרָ֔שׁ H2796 Noun - masculine singular casts נָסַ֣ךְ H5258 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular and a metalworker וְצֹרֵ֖ף H6884 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular overlays יְרַקְּעֶ֑נּוּ H7554 Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular with gold בַּזָּהָ֣ב H2091 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular and fits with צוֹרֵֽף׃ H6884 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular silver כֶּ֖סֶף H3701 Noun - masculine singular chains וּרְתֻק֥וֹת H7577 Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine plural construct
Verse 20

Original words

One lacking הַֽמְסֻכָּ֣ן H5533 Article | Verb - Pual - Participle - masculine singular such an offering תְּרוּמָ֔ה H8641 Noun - feminine singular chooses יִבְחָ֑ר H977 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular wood עֵ֥ץ H6086 Noun - masculine singular that will not לֹֽא־ H3808 Adverb - Negative particle rot יִרְקַ֖ב H7537 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular He seeks יְבַקֶּשׁ־ H1245 Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singular a skilled חָכָם֙ H2450 Adjective - masculine singular craftsman חָרָ֤שׁ H2796 Noun - masculine singular to set up לְהָכִ֥ין H3559 Preposition-l | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct an idol פֶּ֖סֶל H6459 Noun - masculine singular that will not לֹ֥א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle topple יִמּֽוֹט׃ H4131 Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Verse 21

Original words

Do you not הֲל֤וֹא H3808 Adverb - Negative particle know תֵֽדְעוּ֙ H3045 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural Have you not הֲל֣וֹא H3808 Adverb - Negative particle heard תִשְׁמָ֔עוּ H8085 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural Has it not הֲל֛וֹא H3808 Adverb - Negative particle been declared to you הֻגַּ֥ד H5046 Verb - Hofal - Perfect - third person masculine singular from the beginning מֵרֹ֖אשׁ H7218 Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular Have you not הֲלוֹא֙ H3808 Adverb - Negative particle understood הֲבִ֣ינֹתֶ֔ם H995 Verb - Hifil - Perfect - second person masculine plural since the foundation מוֹסְד֖וֹת H4146 Noun - masculine plural construct of the earth הָאָֽרֶץ׃ H776 Article | Noun - feminine singular
Verse 22

Original words

He sits enthroned הַיֹּשֵׁב֙ H3427 Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular above עַל־ H5921 Preposition the circle ח֣וּג H2329 Noun - masculine singular construct of the earth הָאָ֔רֶץ H776 Article | Noun - feminine singular its dwellers וְיֹשְׁבֶ֖יהָ H3427 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | third person feminine singular are like grasshoppers כַּחֲגָבִ֑ים H2284 Preposition-k, Article | Noun - masculine plural He stretches out הַנּוֹטֶ֤ה H5186 Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular the heavens שָׁמַ֔יִם H8064 Noun - masculine plural like a curtain כַדֹּק֙ H1852 Preposition-k, Article | Noun - masculine singular and spreads them out וַיִּמְתָּחֵ֥ם H4969 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine plural like a tent כָּאֹ֖הֶל H168 Preposition-k, Article | Noun - masculine singular to dwell in לָשָֽׁבֶת׃ H3427 Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Verse 23

Original words

He brings הַנּוֹתֵ֥ן H5414 Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular the princes רוֹזְנִ֖ים H7336 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural to nothing לְאָ֑יִן H369 Preposition-l | Adverb and makes עָשָֽׂה׃ H6213 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular the rulers שֹׁ֥פְטֵי H8199 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct of the earth אֶ֖רֶץ H776 Noun - feminine singular meaningless כַּתֹּ֥הוּ H8414 Preposition-k, Article | Noun - masculine singular

BSB notes

  • Or judges
Verse 24

Original words

No sooner אַ֣ף H637 Conjunction . . . בַּל־ H1077 Adverb are they planted נִטָּ֗עוּ H5193 Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common plural no sooner אַ֚ף H637 Conjunction . . . בַּל־ H1077 Adverb are they sown זֹרָ֔עוּ H2232 Verb - Pual - Perfect - third person common plural no sooner אַ֛ף H637 Conjunction . . . בַּל־ H1077 Adverb have their stems גִּזְעָ֑ם H1503 Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine plural taken root שֹׁרֵ֥שׁ H8327 Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular in the ground בָּאָ֖רֶץ H776 Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singular than וְגַם־ H1571 Conjunction He blows נָשַׁ֤ף H5398 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular on them בָּהֶם֙ Preposition | third person masculine plural and they wither וַיִּבָ֔שׁוּ H3001 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural and a whirlwind וּסְעָרָ֖ה H5591 Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular sweeps them away תִּשָּׂאֵֽם׃ס H5375 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine singular | third person masculine plural like stubble כַּקַּ֥שׁ H7179 Preposition-k, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 25

Original words

To וְאֶל־ H413 Conjunctive waw | Preposition whom מִ֥י H4310 Interrogative will you liken Me תְדַמְּי֖וּנִי H1819 Verb - Piel - Imperfect - second person masculine plural | first person common singular or who is My equal וְאֶשְׁוֶ֑ה H7737 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative if contextual - first person common singular asks יֹאמַ֖ר H559 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular the Holy One קָדֽוֹשׁ׃ H6918 Adjective - masculine singular
Verse 26

Original words

Lift up שְׂאוּ־ H5375 Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural your eyes עֵינֵיכֶ֤ם H5869 Noun - cdc | second person masculine plural on high מָר֨וֹם H4791 Noun - masculine singular - וּרְאוּ֙ H7200 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural Who מִי־ H4310 Interrogative created בָרָ֣א H1254 Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular all these אֵ֔לֶּה H428 Pronoun - common plural He leads forth הַמּוֹצִ֥יא H3318 Article | Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine singular the starry host צְבָאָ֑ם H6635 Noun - common singular construct | third person masculine plural by number בְמִסְפָּ֖ר H4557 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular He calls יִקְרָ֔א H7121 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular each one לְכֻלָּם֙ H3605 Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine plural by name בְּשֵׁ֣ם H8034 Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular Because of His great מֵרֹ֤ב H7230 Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular construct power אוֹנִים֙ H202 Noun - masculine plural and mighty וְאַמִּ֣יץ H533 Conjunctive waw | Adjective - masculine singular construct strength כֹּ֔חַ H3581 Noun - masculine singular not לֹ֥א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle one of them אִ֖ישׁ H376 Noun - masculine singular is missing נֶעְדָּֽר׃ס H5737 Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Verse 27

Original words

Why לָ֤מָּה H4100 Interrogative do you say תֹאמַר֙ H559 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular O Jacob יַֽעֲקֹ֔ב H3290 Noun - proper - masculine singular and why do you assert וּתְדַבֵּ֖ר H1696 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Conjunctive imperfect - second person masculine singular O Israel יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל H3478 Noun - proper - masculine singular My way דַרְכִּי֙ H1870 Noun - common singular construct | first person common singular is hidden נִסְתְּרָ֤ה H5641 Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person feminine singular from the LORD מֵֽיְהוָ֔ה H3068 Preposition-m | Noun - proper - masculine singular and my claim מִשְׁפָּטִ֥י H4941 Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular is ignored יַעֲבֽוֹר׃ H5674 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular by my God וּמֵאֱלֹהַ֖י H430 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-m | Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singular
Verse 28

Original words

Do you not הֲל֨וֹא H3808 Adverb - Negative particle know יָדַ֜עְתָּ H3045 Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singular . . . אִם־ H518 Conjunction Have you not לֹ֣א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle heard שָׁמַ֗עְתָּ H8085 Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singular The LORD יְהוָה֙ H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular is the everlasting עוֹלָ֤ם׀ H5769 Noun - masculine singular God אֱלֹהֵ֨י H430 Noun - masculine plural construct the Creator בּוֹרֵא֙ H1254 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular of the ends קְצ֣וֹת H7098 Noun - feminine plural construct of the earth הָאָ֔רֶץ H776 Article | Noun - feminine singular He will not לֹ֥א H3808 Adverb - Negative particle grow tired יִיעַ֖ף H3286 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular . . . וְלֹ֣א H3808 Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle or weary יִיגָ֑ע H3021 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular His understanding לִתְבוּנָתֽוֹ׃ H8394 Preposition-l | Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular is beyond אֵ֥ין H369 Adverb searching out חֵ֖קֶר H2714 Noun - masculine singular
Verse 29

Original words

He gives נֹתֵ֥ן H5414 Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular power כֹּ֑חַ H3581 Noun - masculine singular to the faint לַיָּעֵ֖ף H3287 Preposition-l, Article | Adjective - masculine singular and increases יַרְבֶּֽה׃ H7235 Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular the strength עָצְמָ֥ה H6109 Noun - feminine singular of the weak וּלְאֵ֥ין H369 Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Adverb . . . אוֹנִ֖ים H202 Noun - masculine plural
Verse 30

Original words

Even youths נְעָרִ֖ים H5288 Noun - masculine plural grow tired וְיִֽעֲפ֥וּ H3286 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine plural and weary וְיִגָ֑עוּ H3021 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine plural and young men וּבַחוּרִ֖ים H970 Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural stumble כָּשׁ֥וֹל H3782 Verb - Qal - Infinitive absolute and fall יִכָּשֵֽׁלוּ׃ H3782 Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural
Verse 31

Original words

But those who wait וְקוֹיֵ֤ H6960 Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct upon the LORD יְהוָה֙ H3068 Noun - proper - masculine singular will renew יַחֲלִ֣יפוּ H2498 Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine plural their strength כֹ֔חַ H3581 Noun - masculine singular they will mount up יַעֲל֥וּ H5927 Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine plural with wings אֵ֖בֶר H83 Noun - masculine singular like eagles כַּנְּשָׁרִ֑ים H5404 Preposition-k, Article | Noun - masculine plural they will run יָר֙וּצוּ֙ H7323 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural and not וְלֹ֣א H3808 Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle grow weary יִיגָ֔עוּ H3021 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural they will walk יֵלְכ֖וּ H1980 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural and not וְלֹ֥א H3808 Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle faint יִיעָֽפוּ׃פ H3286 Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural

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