Focused Passage

John 19:31-42

The Crucified King: Behold the Man, Behold Your King, It Is Finished, and the Pierced Son

Jesus is mocked, presented, rejected, condemned, crucified as King, cared for his mother from the cross, fulfills Scripture in his thirst, finishes his work, gives up his spirit, is pierced rather than having his bones broken, and is honorably buried by Joseph and Nicodemus.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

31It was the day of Preparation, and the next day was a High Sabbath. In order that the bodies would not remain on the cross during the Sabbath, the Jews asked Pilate to have the legs broken and the bodies removed.

32So the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first man who had been crucified with Jesus, and those of the other.

33But when they came to Jesus and saw that He was already dead, they did not break His legs.

34Instead, one of the soldiers pierced His side with a spear, and immediately blood and water flowed out.

35The one who saw it has testified to this, and his testimony is true. He knows that he is telling the truth, so that you also may believe.

36Now these things happened so that the Scripture would be fulfilled: “Not one of His bones will be broken.”

37And, as another Scripture says: “They will look on the One they have pierced.”

38Afterward, Joseph of Arimathea, who was a disciple of Jesus (but secretly for fear of the Jews), asked Pilate to let him remove the body of Jesus. Pilate gave him permission, so he came and removed His body.

39Nicodemus, who had previously come to Jesus at night, also brought a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about seventy-five pounds.

40So they took the body of Jesus and wrapped it in linen cloths with the spices, according to the Jewish burial custom.

41Now there was a garden in the place where Jesus was crucified, and in the garden a new tomb in which no one had yet been laid.

42And because it was the Jewish day of Preparation and the tomb was nearby, they placed Jesus there.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 31

Original words

It wasἦνG1510Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular[the] day of PreparationΠαρασκευὴG3904Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular[and]γὰρG1063Conjunction[the next]ἐκείνουG1565Demonstrative Pronoun - Genitive Neuter SingulardayἡμέραG2250Noun - Nominative Feminine SingularwasἦνG1510Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular-G3588Article - Nominative Feminine Singulara HighμεγάληG3173Adjective - Nominative Feminine Singular-τοῦG3588Article - Genitive Neuter SingularSabbathσαββάτουG4521Noun - Genitive Neuter SingularIn order thatἵναG2443ConjunctiontheτὰG3588Article - Nominative Neuter PluralbodiesσώματαG4983Noun - Nominative Neuter PluralvvvμὴG3361Adverbwould not remainμείνῃG3306Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 3rd Person SingularonἐπὶG1909PrepositiontheτοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine SingularcrossσταυροῦG4716Noun - Genitive Masculine SingularduringἐνG1722PrepositiontheτῷG3588Article - Dative Neuter SingularSabbathσαββάτῳG4521Noun - Dative Neuter Singular-οὖνG3767ConjunctiontheΟἱG3588Article - Nominative Masculine PluralJewsἸουδαῖοιG2453Adjective - Nominative Masculine Plural-ἐπεὶG1893ConjunctionaskedἠρώτησανG2065Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural-τὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine SingularPilateΠιλᾶτονG4091Noun - Accusative Masculine Singularto haveἵναG2443ConjunctiontheτὰG3588Article - Accusative Neuter PlurallegsσκέληG4628Noun - Accusative Neuter PluralbrokenκατεαγῶσινG2608Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Passive - 3rd Person PluralandκαὶG2532Conjunction[the bodies]αὐτῶνG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person PluralremovedἀρθῶσινG142Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Passive - 3rd Person Plural
Verse 32

Original words

SoοὖνG3767ConjunctiontheοἱG3588Article - Nominative Masculine PluralsoldiersστρατιῶταιG4757Noun - Nominative Masculine PluralcameἦλθονG2064Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person PluralandκαὶG2532Conjunction-μὲνG3303ConjunctionbrokeκατέαξανG2608Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person PluraltheτὰG3588Article - Accusative Neuter PlurallegsσκέληG4628Noun - Accusative Neuter Pluralof theτοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine Singularfirst [man]πρώτουG4413Adjective - Genitive Masculine SingularwhoτοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine Singularhad been crucified withσυσταυρωθέντοςG4957Verb - Aorist Participle Passive - Genitive Masculine Singular[Jesus]αὐτῷG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person SingularandκαὶG2532Conjunction[those] of theτοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine SingularotherἄλλουG243Adjective - Genitive Masculine Singular
Verse 33

Original words

ButδὲG1161ConjunctionwhenὡςG5613Adverbthey cameἐλθόντεςG2064Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine PluraltoἐπὶG1909Preposition-τὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine SingularJesusἸησοῦνG2424Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular[and] saw thatεἶδονG3708Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person PluralHeαὐτὸνG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singularwas alreadyἤδηG2235AdverbdeadτεθνηκόταG2348Verb - Perfect Participle Active - Accusative Masculine SingularvvvοὐG3756Adverbthey did not breakκατέαξανG2608Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person PluralHisαὐτοῦG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular-τὰG3588Article - Accusative Neuter PlurallegsσκέληG4628Noun - Accusative Neuter Plural
Verse 34

Original words

Insteadἀλλ’G235ConjunctiononeεἷςG1520Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singularof theτῶνG3588Article - Genitive Masculine PluralsoldiersστρατιωτῶνG4757Noun - Genitive Masculine PluralpiercedἔνυξενG3572Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularHisαὐτοῦG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular-τὴνG3588Article - Accusative Feminine SingularsideπλευρὰνG4125Noun - Accusative Feminine Singularwith a spearλόγχῃG3057Noun - Dative Feminine SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctionimmediatelyεὐθὺςG2112AdverbbloodαἷμαG129Noun - Nominative Neuter SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctionwaterὕδωρG5204Noun - Nominative Neuter Singularflowed outἐξῆλθενG1831Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Verse 35

Original words

-καὶG2532ConjunctionThe [one who]G3588Article - Nominative Masculine Singularsaw [it]ἑωρακὼςG3708Verb - Perfect Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singularhas testified to thisμεμαρτύρηκενG3140Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctionhisαὐτοῦG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular-G3588Article - Nominative Feminine SingulartestimonyμαρτυρίαG3141Noun - Nominative Feminine SingularisἐστινG1510Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingulartrueἀληθινὴG228Adjective - Nominative Feminine Singular-καὶG2532ConjunctionHeἐκεῖνοςG1565Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine SingularknowsοἶδενG1492Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularthatὅτιG3754Conjunctionhe is tellingλέγειG3004Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular[the] truthἀληθῆG227Adjective - Accusative Neuter Pluralso thatἵναG2443ConjunctionyouὑμεῖςG4771Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 2nd Person PluralalsoκαὶG2532Conjunctionmay believeπιστεύητεG4100Verb - Present Subjunctive Active - 2nd Person Plural
Verse 36

Original words

NowγὰρG1063Conjunctionthese thingsταῦταG3778Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Neuter PluralhappenedἘγένετοG1096Verb - Aorist Indicative Middle - 3rd Person Singularso thatἵναG2443ConjunctiontheG3588Article - Nominative Feminine SingularScriptureγραφὴG1124Noun - Nominative Feminine Singularwould be fulfilledπληρωθῇG4137Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Passive - 3rd Person SingularNot oneοὐG3756Adverbof HisαὐτοῦG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person SingularbonesὈστοῦνG3747Noun - Nominative Neuter Singularwill be brokenσυντριβήσεταιG4937Verb - Future Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular

BSB notes

  • Psalm 34:20; see also Exodus 12:46 and Numbers 9:12.
Verse 37

Original words

AndκαὶG2532Conjunction. . .πάλινG3825Adverbas anotherἑτέραG2087Adjective - Nominative Feminine SingularScriptureγραφὴG1124Noun - Nominative Feminine SingularsaysλέγειG3004Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularThey will lookὌψονταιG3708Verb - Future Indicative Middle - 3rd Person PluralonεἰςG1519Prepositionthe [One]ὃνG3739Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singularthey have piercedἐξεκέντησανG1574Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural

BSB notes

  • Zechariah 12:10
Verse 38

Original words

AfterwardδὲG1161Conjunction. . .ΜετὰG3326Preposition. . .ταῦταG3778Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Neuter PluralJosephἸωσὴφG2501Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular-G3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularofἀπὸG575PrepositionArimatheaἉριμαθαίαςG707Noun - Genitive Feminine Singularwho wasὢνG1510Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singulara discipleμαθητὴςG3101Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular-τοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine Singularof JesusἸησοῦG2424Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular(butδὲG1161ConjunctionsecretlyκεκρυμμένοςG2928Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine SingularforδιὰG1223Preposition-τὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine SingularfearφόβονG5401Noun - Accusative Masculine Singularof theτῶνG3588Article - Genitive Masculine PluralJews)ἸουδαίωνG2453Adjective - Genitive Masculine PluralaskedἠρώτησενG2065Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular-τὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine SingularPilateΠιλᾶτονG4091Noun - Accusative Masculine SingulartoἵναG2443Conjunctionlet him removeἄρῃG142Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 3rd Person SingulartheτὸG3588Article - Accusative Neuter SingularbodyσῶμαG4983Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular-τοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine Singularof JesusἸησοῦG2424Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular-καὶG2532Conjunction-G3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularPilateΠιλᾶτοςG4091Noun - Nominative Masculine Singulargave him permissionἐπέτρεψενG2010Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularsoοὖνG3767Conjunctionhe cameἦλθενG2064Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctionremovedἦρενG142Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularHisαὐτοῦG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular-τὸG3588Article - Accusative Neuter SingularbodyσῶμαG4983Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular
Verse 39

Original words

-δὲG1161ConjunctionNicodemusΝικόδημοςG3530Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularwhoG3588Article - Nominative Masculine Singularhad previously comeἐλθὼνG2064Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular. . .τὸG3588Article - Accusative Neuter Singular. . .πρῶτονG4413Adjective - Accusative Neuter SingulartoπρὸςG4314Preposition[Jesus]αὐτὸνG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singularat nightνυκτὸςG3571Noun - Genitive Feminine SingularalsoκαὶG2532ConjunctionvvvἦλθενG2064Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularbroughtφέρωνG5342Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singulara mixtureμίγμαG3395Noun - Accusative Neuter Singularof myrrhσμύρνηςG4666Noun - Genitive Feminine SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctionaloesἀλόηςG250Noun - Genitive Feminine SingularaboutὡςG5613Adverbseventy-five poundsἑκατόνG1540Adjective - Accusative Feminine Plural. . .λίτραςG3046Noun - Accusative Feminine Plural

BSB notes

  • Greek about a hundred litras; that is, approximately 34 kilograms
Verse 40

Original words

SoοὖνG3767Conjunctionthey tookἔλαβονG2983Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person PluraltheτὸG3588Article - Accusative Neuter SingularbodyσῶμαG4983Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular-τοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine Singularof JesusἸησοῦG2424Noun - Genitive Masculine SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctionwrappedἔδησανG1210Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person PluralitαὐτὸG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Neuter 3rd Person Singularin linen clothsὀθονίοιςG3608Noun - Dative Neuter PluralwithμετὰG3326PrepositiontheτῶνG3588Article - Genitive Neuter PluralspicesἀρωμάτωνG759Noun - Genitive Neuter Pluralaccording toκαθὼςG2531Adverb. . .ἐστὶνG1510Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularvvvτοῖςG3588Article - Dative Masculine Plural[the] JewishἸουδαίοιςG2453Adjective - Dative Masculine PluralburialἐνταφιάζεινG1779Verb - Present Infinitive ActivecustomἔθοςG1485Noun - Nominative Neuter Singular
Verse 41

Original words

NowδὲG1161Conjunctionthere wasἮνG1510Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singulara gardenκῆποςG2779Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularinἐνG1722PrepositiontheτῷG3588Article - Dative Masculine SingularplaceτόπῳG5117Noun - Dative Masculine SingularwhereὅπουG3699Adverb[Jesus] was crucifiedἐσταυρώθηG4717Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctioninἐνG1722PrepositiontheτῷG3588Article - Dative Masculine SingulargardenκήπῳG2779Noun - Dative Masculine Singulara newκαινόνG2537Adjective - Nominative Neuter SingulartombμνημεῖονG3419Noun - Nominative Neuter SingularinἐνG1722PrepositionwhichG3739Personal / Relative Pronoun - Dative Neuter Singularno oneοὐδεὶςG3762Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singularhad yet beenἦνG1510Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular. . .οὐδέπωG3764AdverblaidτεθειμένοςG5087Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine Singular
Verse 42

Original words

AndοὖνG3767Conjunctionbecause it wasδιὰG1223PrepositiontheτὴνG3588Article - Accusative Feminine SingularvvvτῶνG3588Article - Genitive Masculine PluralJewishἸουδαίωνG2453Adjective - Genitive Masculine Pluralday of PreparationΠαρασκευὴνG3904Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular[and]ὅτιG3754ConjunctiontheτὸG3588Article - Nominative Neuter SingulartombμνημεῖονG3419Noun - Nominative Neuter SingularwasἦνG1510Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularnearbyἐγγὺςG1451Adverbthey placedἔθηκανG5087Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural-τὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine SingularJesusἸησοῦνG2424Noun - Accusative Masculine SingularthereἐκεῖG1563Adverb

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.