Focused Passage

John 19:31-42

The Crucified King: Behold the Man, Behold Your King, It Is Finished, and the Pierced Son

Jesus is mocked, presented, rejected, condemned, crucified as King, cared for his mother from the cross, fulfills Scripture in his thirst, finishes his work, gives up his spirit, is pierced rather than having his bones broken, and is honorably buried by Joseph and Nicodemus.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

31 It was the day of Preparation, and the next day was a High Sabbath. In order that the bodies would not remain on the cross during the Sabbath, the Jews asked Pilate to have the legs broken and the bodies removed.

32 So the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first man who had been crucified with Jesus, and those of the other.

33 But when they came to Jesus and saw that He was already dead, they did not break His legs.

34 Instead, one of the soldiers pierced His side with a spear, and immediately blood and water flowed out.

35 The one who saw it has testified to this, and his testimony is true. He knows that he is telling the truth, so that you also may believe.

36 Now these things happened so that the Scripture would be fulfilled: “Not one of His bones will be broken.”

37 And, as another Scripture says: “They will look on the One they have pierced.”

38 Afterward, Joseph of Arimathea, who was a disciple of Jesus (but secretly for fear of the Jews), asked Pilate to let him remove the body of Jesus. Pilate gave him permission, so he came and removed His body.

39 Nicodemus, who had previously come to Jesus at night, also brought a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about seventy-five pounds.

40 So they took the body of Jesus and wrapped it in linen cloths with the spices, according to the Jewish burial custom.

41 Now there was a garden in the place where Jesus was crucified, and in the garden a new tomb in which no one had yet been laid.

42 And because it was the Jewish day of Preparation and the tomb was nearby, they placed Jesus there.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 31

Original words

It was ἦν G1510 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular [the] day of Preparation Παρασκευὴ G3904 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular [and] γὰρ G1063 Conjunction [the next] ἐκείνου G1565 Demonstrative Pronoun - Genitive Neuter Singular day ἡμέρα G2250 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular was ἦν G1510 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular - G3588 Article - Nominative Feminine Singular a High μεγάλη G3173 Adjective - Nominative Feminine Singular - τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Neuter Singular Sabbath σαββάτου G4521 Noun - Genitive Neuter Singular In order that ἵνα G2443 Conjunction the τὰ G3588 Article - Nominative Neuter Plural bodies σώματα G4983 Noun - Nominative Neuter Plural vvv μὴ G3361 Adverb would not remain μείνῃ G3306 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 3rd Person Singular on ἐπὶ G1909 Preposition the τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular cross σταυροῦ G4716 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular during ἐν G1722 Preposition the τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Neuter Singular Sabbath σαββάτῳ G4521 Noun - Dative Neuter Singular - οὖν G3767 Conjunction the Οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural Jews Ἰουδαῖοι G2453 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Plural - ἐπεὶ G1893 Conjunction asked ἠρώτησαν G2065 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular Pilate Πιλᾶτον G4091 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular to have ἵνα G2443 Conjunction the τὰ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Plural legs σκέλη G4628 Noun - Accusative Neuter Plural broken κατεαγῶσιν G2608 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Passive - 3rd Person Plural and καὶ G2532 Conjunction [the bodies] αὐτῶν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Plural removed ἀρθῶσιν G142 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Passive - 3rd Person Plural
Verse 32

Original words

So οὖν G3767 Conjunction the οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural soldiers στρατιῶται G4757 Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural came ἦλθον G2064 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural and καὶ G2532 Conjunction - μὲν G3303 Conjunction broke κατέαξαν G2608 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural the τὰ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Plural legs σκέλη G4628 Noun - Accusative Neuter Plural of the τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular first [man] πρώτου G4413 Adjective - Genitive Masculine Singular who τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular had been crucified with συσταυρωθέντος G4957 Verb - Aorist Participle Passive - Genitive Masculine Singular [Jesus] αὐτῷ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction [those] of the τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular other ἄλλου G243 Adjective - Genitive Masculine Singular
Verse 33

Original words

But δὲ G1161 Conjunction when ὡς G5613 Adverb they came ἐλθόντες G2064 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural to ἐπὶ G1909 Preposition - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular Jesus Ἰησοῦν G2424 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular [and] saw that εἶδον G3708 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural He αὐτὸν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular was already ἤδη G2235 Adverb dead τεθνηκότα G2348 Verb - Perfect Participle Active - Accusative Masculine Singular vvv οὐ G3756 Adverb they did not break κατέαξαν G2608 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural His αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular - τὰ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Plural legs σκέλη G4628 Noun - Accusative Neuter Plural
Verse 34

Original words

Instead ἀλλ’ G235 Conjunction one εἷς G1520 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular of the τῶν G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Plural soldiers στρατιωτῶν G4757 Noun - Genitive Masculine Plural pierced ἔνυξεν G3572 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular His αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular - τὴν G3588 Article - Accusative Feminine Singular side πλευρὰν G4125 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular with a spear λόγχῃ G3057 Noun - Dative Feminine Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction immediately εὐθὺς G2112 Adverb blood αἷμα G129 Noun - Nominative Neuter Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction water ὕδωρ G5204 Noun - Nominative Neuter Singular flowed out ἐξῆλθεν G1831 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Verse 35

Original words

- καὶ G2532 Conjunction The [one who] G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular saw [it] ἑωρακὼς G3708 Verb - Perfect Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular has testified to this μεμαρτύρηκεν G3140 Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction his αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular - G3588 Article - Nominative Feminine Singular testimony μαρτυρία G3141 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular is ἐστιν G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular true ἀληθινὴ G228 Adjective - Nominative Feminine Singular - καὶ G2532 Conjunction He ἐκεῖνος G1565 Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular knows οἶδεν G1492 Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular that ὅτι G3754 Conjunction he is telling λέγει G3004 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular [the] truth ἀληθῆ G227 Adjective - Accusative Neuter Plural so that ἵνα G2443 Conjunction you ὑμεῖς G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 2nd Person Plural also καὶ G2532 Conjunction may believe πιστεύητε G4100 Verb - Present Subjunctive Active - 2nd Person Plural
Verse 36

Original words

Now γὰρ G1063 Conjunction these things ταῦτα G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Neuter Plural happened Ἐγένετο G1096 Verb - Aorist Indicative Middle - 3rd Person Singular so that ἵνα G2443 Conjunction the G3588 Article - Nominative Feminine Singular Scripture γραφὴ G1124 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular would be fulfilled πληρωθῇ G4137 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Passive - 3rd Person Singular Not one οὐ G3756 Adverb of His αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular bones Ὀστοῦν G3747 Noun - Nominative Neuter Singular will be broken συντριβήσεται G4937 Verb - Future Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular

BSB notes

  • Psalm 34:20; see also Exodus 12:46 and Numbers 9:12.
Verse 37

Original words

And καὶ G2532 Conjunction . . . πάλιν G3825 Adverb as another ἑτέρα G2087 Adjective - Nominative Feminine Singular Scripture γραφὴ G1124 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular says λέγει G3004 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular They will look Ὄψονται G3708 Verb - Future Indicative Middle - 3rd Person Plural on εἰς G1519 Preposition the [One] ὃν G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singular they have pierced ἐξεκέντησαν G1574 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural

BSB notes

  • Zechariah 12:10
Verse 38

Original words

Afterward δὲ G1161 Conjunction . . . Μετὰ G3326 Preposition . . . ταῦτα G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Plural Joseph Ἰωσὴφ G2501 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular of ἀπὸ G575 Preposition Arimathea Ἁριμαθαίας G707 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular who was ὢν G1510 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular a disciple μαθητὴς G3101 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular - τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular of Jesus Ἰησοῦ G2424 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular (but δὲ G1161 Conjunction secretly κεκρυμμένος G2928 Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine Singular for διὰ G1223 Preposition - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular fear φόβον G5401 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular of the τῶν G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Plural Jews) Ἰουδαίων G2453 Adjective - Genitive Masculine Plural asked ἠρώτησεν G2065 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular Pilate Πιλᾶτον G4091 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular to ἵνα G2443 Conjunction let him remove ἄρῃ G142 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 3rd Person Singular the τὸ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Singular body σῶμα G4983 Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular - τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular of Jesus Ἰησοῦ G2424 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular - καὶ G2532 Conjunction - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Pilate Πιλᾶτος G4091 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular gave him permission ἐπέτρεψεν G2010 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular so οὖν G3767 Conjunction he came ἦλθεν G2064 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction removed ἦρεν G142 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular His αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular - τὸ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Singular body σῶμα G4983 Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular
Verse 39

Original words

- δὲ G1161 Conjunction Nicodemus Νικόδημος G3530 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular who G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular had previously come ἐλθὼν G2064 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular . . . τὸ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Singular . . . πρῶτον G4413 Adjective - Accusative Neuter Singular to πρὸς G4314 Preposition [Jesus] αὐτὸν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular at night νυκτὸς G3571 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular also καὶ G2532 Conjunction vvv ἦλθεν G2064 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular brought φέρων G5342 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular a mixture μίγμα G3395 Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular of myrrh σμύρνης G4666 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction aloes ἀλόης G250 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular about ὡς G5613 Adverb seventy-five pounds ἑκατόν G1540 Adjective - Accusative Feminine Plural . . . λίτρας G3046 Noun - Accusative Feminine Plural

BSB notes

  • Greek about a hundred litras; that is, approximately 34 kilograms
Verse 40

Original words

So οὖν G3767 Conjunction they took ἔλαβον G2983 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural the τὸ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Singular body σῶμα G4983 Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular - τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular of Jesus Ἰησοῦ G2424 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction wrapped ἔδησαν G1210 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural it αὐτὸ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Neuter 3rd Person Singular in linen cloths ὀθονίοις G3608 Noun - Dative Neuter Plural with μετὰ G3326 Preposition the τῶν G3588 Article - Genitive Neuter Plural spices ἀρωμάτων G759 Noun - Genitive Neuter Plural according to καθὼς G2531 Adverb . . . ἐστὶν G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular vvv τοῖς G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Plural [the] Jewish Ἰουδαίοις G2453 Adjective - Dative Masculine Plural burial ἐνταφιάζειν G1779 Verb - Present Infinitive Active custom ἔθος G1485 Noun - Nominative Neuter Singular
Verse 41

Original words

Now δὲ G1161 Conjunction there was Ἦν G1510 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular a garden κῆπος G2779 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular in ἐν G1722 Preposition the τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Singular place τόπῳ G5117 Noun - Dative Masculine Singular where ὅπου G3699 Adverb [Jesus] was crucified ἐσταυρώθη G4717 Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction in ἐν G1722 Preposition the τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Singular garden κήπῳ G2779 Noun - Dative Masculine Singular a new καινόν G2537 Adjective - Nominative Neuter Singular tomb μνημεῖον G3419 Noun - Nominative Neuter Singular in ἐν G1722 Preposition which G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Dative Neuter Singular no one οὐδεὶς G3762 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular had yet been ἦν G1510 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular . . . οὐδέπω G3764 Adverb laid τεθειμένος G5087 Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine Singular
Verse 42

Original words

And οὖν G3767 Conjunction because it was διὰ G1223 Preposition the τὴν G3588 Article - Accusative Feminine Singular vvv τῶν G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Plural Jewish Ἰουδαίων G2453 Adjective - Genitive Masculine Plural day of Preparation Παρασκευὴν G3904 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular [and] ὅτι G3754 Conjunction the τὸ G3588 Article - Nominative Neuter Singular tomb μνημεῖον G3419 Noun - Nominative Neuter Singular was ἦν G1510 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular nearby ἐγγὺς G1451 Adverb they placed ἔθηκαν G5087 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular Jesus Ἰησοῦν G2424 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular there ἐκεῖ G1563 Adverb

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.