Focused Passage

John 18:12-27

The Arrested King: Betrayal, Sovereign Surrender, Denial, Trial, and the Kingdom Not of This World

Jesus sovereignly gives himself over to arrest, protects his disciples, rebukes violent resistance, submits to the Father’s cup, endures unjust priestly examination, is denied by Peter, testifies before Pilate to a kingdom not of this world, and is rejected in favor of Barabbas.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

12Then the band of soldiers, with its commander and the officers of the Jews, arrested Jesus and bound Him.

13They brought Him first to Annas, who was the father-in-law of Caiaphas, the high priest that year.

14Caiaphas was the one who had advised the Jews that it would be better if one man died for the people.

15Now Simon Peter and another disciple were following Jesus. Since that disciple was known to the high priest, he also went with Jesus into the courtyard of the high priest.

16But Peter stood outside at the door. Then the disciple who was known to the high priest went out and spoke to the doorkeeper, and brought Peter in.

17At this, the servant girl watching the door said to Peter, “Aren’t you also one of this man’s disciples?” “I am not,” he answered.

18Because it was cold, the servants and officers were standing around a charcoal fire they had made to keep warm. And Peter was also standing with them, warming himself.

19Meanwhile, the high priest questioned Jesus about His disciples and His teaching.

20“I have spoken openly to the world,” Jesus answered. “I always taught in the synagogues and at the temple, where all the Jews come together. I said nothing in secret.

21Why are you asking Me? Ask those who heard My message. Surely they know what I said.”

22When Jesus had said this, one of the officers standing nearby slapped Him in the face and said, “Is this how You answer the high priest?”

23Jesus replied, “If I said something wrong, testify as to what was wrong. But if I spoke correctly, why did you strike Me?”

24Then Annas sent Him, still bound, to Caiaphas the high priest.

25Simon Peter was still standing and warming himself. So they asked him, “Aren’t you also one of His disciples?” He denied it and said, “I am not.”

26One of the high priest’s servants, a relative of the man whose ear Peter had cut off, asked, “Didn’t I see you with Him in the garden?”

27Peter denied it once more, and immediately a rooster crowed.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 12

Original words

ThenοὖνG3767ConjunctiontheG3588Article - Nominative Feminine Singularband of soldiersσπεῖραG4686Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular[with]καὶG2532Conjunction[its]G3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularcommanderχιλίαρχοςG5506Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctiontheοἱG3588Article - Nominative Masculine PluralofficersὑπηρέταιG5257Noun - Nominative Masculine Pluralof theτῶνG3588Article - Genitive Masculine PluralJewsἸουδαίωνG2453Adjective - Genitive Masculine PluralarrestedσυνέλαβονG4815Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural-τὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine SingularJesusἸησοῦνG2424Noun - Accusative Masculine SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctionboundἔδησανG1210Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person PluralHimαὐτὸνG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular
Verse 13

Original words

-καὶG2532ConjunctionThey brought [Him] firstἤγαγονG71Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural. . .πρῶτονG4412Adverb - SuperlativetoπρὸςG4314PrepositionAnnasἍννανG452Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular-γὰρG1063Conjunctionwho wasἦνG1510Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular[the] father-in-lawπενθερὸςG3995Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular-τοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine Singularof CaiaphasΚαϊάφαG2533Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular-ὃςG3739Personal / Relative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular-ἦνG1510Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular[the] high priestἀρχιερεὺςG749Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular-τοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine Singular[that]ἐκείνουG1565Demonstrative Pronoun - Genitive Masculine SingularyearἐνιαυτοῦG1763Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Verse 14

Original words

-δὲG1161ConjunctionCaiaphasΚαϊάφαςG2533Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularwasἦνG1510Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singularthe [one]G3588Article - Nominative Masculine Singularwho had advisedσυμβουλεύσαςG4823Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine SingulartheτοῖςG3588Article - Dative Masculine PluralJewsἸουδαίοιςG2453Adjective - Dative Masculine PluralthatὅτιG3754Conjunctionit would be better ifσυμφέρειG4851Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularoneἕναG1520Adjective - Accusative Masculine SingularmanἄνθρωπονG444Noun - Accusative Masculine SingulardiedἀποθανεῖνG599Verb - Aorist Infinitive ActiveforὑπὲρG5228PrepositiontheτοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine SingularpeopleλαοῦG2992Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Verse 15

Original words

NowδὲG1161ConjunctionSimonΣίμωνG4613Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularPeterΠέτροςG4074Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctionanotherἄλλοςG243Adjective - Nominative Masculine SingulardiscipleμαθητήςG3101Noun - Nominative Masculine Singularwere followingἨκολούθειG190Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular-τῷG3588Article - Dative Masculine SingularJesusἸησοῦG2424Noun - Dative Masculine Singular-δὲG1161ConjunctionSinceG3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularthatἐκεῖνοςG1565Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine SingulardiscipleμαθητὴςG3101Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularwasἦνG1510Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularknownγνωστὸςG1110Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singularto theτῷG3588Article - Dative Masculine Singularhigh priestἀρχιερεῖG749Noun - Dative Masculine SingularvvvκαὶG2532Conjunctionhe also wentσυνεισῆλθενG4897Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular-τῷG3588Article - Dative Masculine Singularwith JesusἸησοῦG2424Noun - Dative Masculine SingularintoεἰςG1519PrepositiontheτὴνG3588Article - Accusative Feminine SingularcourtyardαὐλὴνG833Noun - Accusative Feminine Singularof theτοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine Singularhigh priestἀρχιερέωςG749Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Verse 16

Original words

ButδὲG1161Conjunction-G3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularPeterΠέτροςG4074Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularstoodεἱστήκειG2476Verb - Pluperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularoutsideἔξωG1854AdverbatπρὸςG4314PrepositiontheτῇG3588Article - Dative Feminine SingulardoorθύρᾳG2374Noun - Dative Feminine SingularThenοὖνG3767ConjunctiontheG3588Article - Nominative Masculine Singular-G3588Article - Nominative Masculine Singular-ἄλλοςG243Adjective - Nominative Masculine SingulardiscipleμαθητὴςG3101Noun - Nominative Masculine Singularwho wasG3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularknownγνωστὸςG1110Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singularto theτοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine Singularhigh priestἀρχιερέωςG749Noun - Genitive Masculine Singularwent outἐξῆλθενG1831Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctionspokeεἶπενG2036Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singularto theτῇG3588Article - Dative Feminine SingulardoorkeeperθυρωρῷG2377Noun - Dative Feminine SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctionbroughtεἰσήγαγενG1521Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular-τὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine SingularPeter [in]ΠέτρονG4074Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Verse 17

Original words

At thisοὖνG3767ConjunctiontheG3588Article - Nominative Feminine Singularservant girlπαιδίσκηG3814Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular-G3588Article - Nominative Feminine Singularwatching the doorθυρωρόςG2377Noun - Nominative Feminine SingularsaidΛέγειG3004Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular-τῷG3588Article - Dative Masculine Singularto PeterΠέτρῳG4074Noun - Dative Masculine SingularAren’tεἶG1510Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular. . .ΜὴG3361AdverbyouσὺG4771Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 2nd Person SingularalsoκαὶG2532Conjunction[one] ofἐκG1537Preposition-τῶνG3588Article - Genitive Masculine Plural-τοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine SingularthisτούτουG3778Demonstrative Pronoun - Genitive Masculine Singularman’sἀνθρώπουG444Noun - Genitive Masculine SingulardisciplesμαθητῶνG3101Noun - Genitive Masculine PluralI amεἰμίG1510Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person SingularnotΟὐκG3756AdverbheἐκεῖνοςG1565Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine SingularansweredΛέγειG3004Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Verse 18

Original words

-δὲG1161ConjunctionBecauseὅτιG3754Conjunctionit wasἦνG1510Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularcoldψῦχοςG5592Noun - Nominative Neuter SingulartheοἱG3588Article - Nominative Masculine PluralservantsδοῦλοιG1401Noun - Nominative Masculine PluralandκαὶG2532Conjunction-οἱG3588Article - Nominative Masculine PluralofficersὑπηρέταιG5257Noun - Nominative Masculine Pluralwere standing aroundΕἱστήκεισανG2476Verb - Pluperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plurala charcoal fireἀνθρακιὰνG439Noun - Accusative Feminine Singularthey had madeπεποιηκότεςG4160Verb - Perfect Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural-καὶG2532Conjunctionto keep warmἐθερμαίνοντοG2328Verb - Imperfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person PluralAndδὲG1161Conjunction-G3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularPeterΠέτροςG4074Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularwasἦνG1510Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularalsoκαὶG2532ConjunctionstandingἑστὼςG2476Verb - Perfect Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singularwithμετ’G3326PrepositionthemαὐτῶνG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Plural-καὶG2532Conjunctionwarming himselfθερμαινόμενοςG2328Verb - Present Participle Middle - Nominative Masculine Singular
Verse 19

Original words

MeanwhileοὖνG3767ConjunctiontheG3588Article - Nominative Masculine Singularhigh priestἀρχιερεὺςG749Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularquestionedἠρώτησενG2065Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular-τὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine SingularJesusἸησοῦνG2424Noun - Accusative Masculine SingularaboutπερὶG4012PrepositionHisαὐτοῦG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular-τῶνG3588Article - Genitive Masculine PluraldisciplesμαθητῶνG3101Noun - Genitive Masculine PluralandκαὶG2532Conjunction-περὶG4012PrepositionHisαὐτοῦG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular-τῆςG3588Article - Genitive Feminine SingularteachingδιδαχῆςG1322Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular
Verse 20

Original words

IἘγὼG1473Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person Singularhave spokenλελάληκαG2980Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 1st Person SingularopenlyπαρρησίᾳG3954Noun - Dative Feminine Singularto theτῷG3588Article - Dative Masculine SingularworldκόσμῳG2889Noun - Dative Masculine SingularJesusἸησοῦςG2424Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularansweredἈπεκρίθηG611Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular-αὐτῷG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person SingularIἐγὼG1473Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person SingularalwaysπάντοτεG3842AdverbtaughtἐδίδαξαG1321Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 1st Person SingularinἐνG1722Preposition[the] synagoguesσυναγωγῇG4864Noun - Dative Feminine SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctionatἐνG1722PrepositiontheτῷG3588Article - Dative Neuter SingulartempleἱερῷG2411Noun - Dative Neuter SingularwhereὅπουG3699AdverballπάντεςG3956Adjective - Nominative Masculine PluraltheοἱG3588Article - Nominative Masculine PluralJewsἸουδαῖοιG2453Adjective - Nominative Masculine Pluralcome togetherσυνέρχονταιG4905Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Plural-καὶG2532ConjunctionI saidἐλάλησαG2980Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 1st Person SingularnothingοὐδένG3762Adjective - Accusative Neuter SingularinἐνG1722PrepositionsecretκρυπτῷG2927Adjective - Dative Neuter Singular
Verse 21

Original words

WhyτίG5101Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Singularare you askingἐρωτᾷςG2065Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person SingularMeμεG1473Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 1st Person SingularAskἐρώτησονG2065Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Singularthose whoτοὺςG3588Article - Accusative Masculine PluralheardἀκηκοόταςG191Verb - Perfect Participle Active - Accusative Masculine PluralvvvτίG5101Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Accusative Neuter SingularMy messageἐλάλησαG2980Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular. . .αὐτοῖςG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person PluralSurelyἴδεG2400Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person SingulartheyοὗτοιG3778Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine PluralknowοἴδασινG1492Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person PluralwhatG3739Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Neuter PluralIἐγώG1473Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person SingularsaidεἶπονG2036Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular
Verse 22

Original words

[When]δὲG1161Conjunction[Jesus]αὐτοῦG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singularhad saidεἰπόντοςG2036Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Genitive Masculine Singular[this]ΤαῦταG3778Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Neuter PluraloneεἷςG1520Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singularof theτῶνG3588Article - Genitive Masculine PluralofficersὑπηρετῶνG5257Noun - Genitive Masculine Pluralstanding nearbyπαρεστηκὼςG3936Verb - Perfect Participle Active - Nominative Masculine SingularvvvἔδωκενG1325Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singularslapped [Him] in the faceῥάπισμαG4475Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular. . .τῷG3588Article - Dative Masculine Singular. . .ἸησοῦG2424Noun - Dative Masculine Singular[and] saidεἰπώνG2036Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular{Is} this howΟὕτωςG3779AdverbYou answerἀποκρίνῃG611Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 2nd Person SingulartheτῷG3588Article - Dative Masculine Singularhigh priestἀρχιερεῖG749Noun - Dative Masculine Singular
Verse 23

Original words

JesusἸησοῦςG2424Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularrepliedἈπεκρίθηG611Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular-αὐτῷG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person SingularIfΕἰG1487ConjunctionI saidἐλάλησαG2980Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular[something] wrongκακῶςG2560AdverbtestifyμαρτύρησονG3140Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Singularas toπερὶG4012PrepositionwhatτοῦG3588Article - Genitive Neuter Singularwas wrongκακοῦG2556Adjective - Genitive Neuter SingularButδὲG1161ConjunctionifεἰG1487Conjunction[I spoke] correctlyκαλῶςG2573AdverbwhyτίG5101Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Singulardid you strikeδέρειςG1194Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person SingularMeμεG1473Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 1st Person Singular
Verse 24

Original words

ThenοὖνG3767Conjunction-G3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularAnnasἍνναςG452Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularsentἈπέστειλενG649Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularHimαὐτὸνG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular[ still ] boundδεδεμένονG1210Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Accusative Masculine SingulartoπρὸςG4314PrepositionCaiaphasΚαϊάφανG2533Noun - Accusative Masculine SingulartheτὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine Singularhigh priestἀρχιερέαG749Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Verse 25

Original words

SimonΣίμωνG4613Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularPeterΠέτροςG4074Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularwasἮνG1510Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularstillδὲG1161ConjunctionstandingἑστὼςG2476Verb - Perfect Participle Active - Nominative Masculine SingularandκαὶG2532Conjunctionwarming himselfθερμαινόμενοςG2328Verb - Present Participle Middle - Nominative Masculine SingularSoοὖνG3767Conjunctionthey askedεἶπονG2036Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person PluralhimαὐτῷG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person SingularAren’tεἶG1510Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular. . .ΜὴG3361AdverbyouσὺG4771Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 2nd Person SingularalsoκαὶG2532Conjunction[one] ofἐκG1537PrepositionHisαὐτοῦG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular-τῶνG3588Article - Genitive Masculine PluraldisciplesμαθητῶνG3101Noun - Genitive Masculine PluralHeἐκεῖνοςG1565Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singulardenied [it]ἨρνήσατοG720Verb - Aorist Indicative Middle - 3rd Person SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctionsaidεἶπενG2036Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularI amεἰμίG1510Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person SingularnotΟὐκG3756Adverb
Verse 26

Original words

OneεἷςG1520Adjective - Nominative Masculine SingularofἐκG1537PrepositiontheτῶνG3588Article - Genitive Masculine PluralvvvτοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine Singularhigh priest’sἀρχιερέωςG749Noun - Genitive Masculine SingularservantsδούλωνG1401Noun - Genitive Masculine Plural-ὢνG1510Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singulara relativeσυγγενὴςG4773Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singularof [the man] whoseοὗG3739Personal / Relative Pronoun - Genitive Masculine Singular-τὸG3588Article - Accusative Neuter SingularearὠτίονG5621Noun - Accusative Neuter SingularPeterΠέτροςG4074Noun - Nominative Masculine Singularhad cut offἀπέκοψενG609Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularaskedΛέγειG3004Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularDidn’tΟὐκG3756AdverbIἐγώG1473Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person SingularseeεἶδονG3708Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 1st Person SingularyouσεG4771Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 2nd Person Singularwithμετ’G3326PrepositionHimαὐτοῦG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person SingularinἐνG1722PrepositiontheτῷG3588Article - Dative Masculine SingulargardenκήπῳG2779Noun - Dative Masculine Singular
Verse 27

Original words

PeterΠέτροςG4074Noun - Nominative Masculine Singulardenied [it]ἠρνήσατοG720Verb - Aorist Indicative Middle - 3rd Person SingularvvvοὖνG3767Conjunctiononce moreΠάλινG3825AdverbandκαὶG2532ConjunctionimmediatelyεὐθέωςG2112Adverba roosterἀλέκτωρG220Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularcrowedἐφώνησενG5455Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.