Focused Passage

John 18:12-27

The Arrested King: Betrayal, Sovereign Surrender, Denial, Trial, and the Kingdom Not of This World

Jesus sovereignly gives himself over to arrest, protects his disciples, rebukes violent resistance, submits to the Father’s cup, endures unjust priestly examination, is denied by Peter, testifies before Pilate to a kingdom not of this world, and is rejected in favor of Barabbas.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

12 Then the band of soldiers, with its commander and the officers of the Jews, arrested Jesus and bound Him.

13 They brought Him first to Annas, who was the father-in-law of Caiaphas, the high priest that year.

14 Caiaphas was the one who had advised the Jews that it would be better if one man died for the people.

15 Now Simon Peter and another disciple were following Jesus. Since that disciple was known to the high priest, he also went with Jesus into the courtyard of the high priest.

16 But Peter stood outside at the door. Then the disciple who was known to the high priest went out and spoke to the doorkeeper, and brought Peter in.

17 At this, the servant girl watching the door said to Peter, “Aren’t you also one of this man’s disciples?” “I am not,” he answered.

18 Because it was cold, the servants and officers were standing around a charcoal fire they had made to keep warm. And Peter was also standing with them, warming himself.

19 Meanwhile, the high priest questioned Jesus about His disciples and His teaching.

20 “I have spoken openly to the world,” Jesus answered. “I always taught in the synagogues and at the temple, where all the Jews come together. I said nothing in secret.

21 Why are you asking Me? Ask those who heard My message. Surely they know what I said.”

22 When Jesus had said this, one of the officers standing nearby slapped Him in the face and said, “Is this how You answer the high priest?”

23 Jesus replied, “If I said something wrong, testify as to what was wrong. But if I spoke correctly, why did you strike Me?”

24 Then Annas sent Him, still bound, to Caiaphas the high priest.

25 Simon Peter was still standing and warming himself. So they asked him, “Aren’t you also one of His disciples?” He denied it and said, “I am not.”

26 One of the high priest’s servants, a relative of the man whose ear Peter had cut off, asked, “Didn’t I see you with Him in the garden?”

27 Peter denied it once more, and immediately a rooster crowed.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 12

Original words

Then οὖν G3767 Conjunction the G3588 Article - Nominative Feminine Singular band of soldiers σπεῖρα G4686 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular [with] καὶ G2532 Conjunction [its] G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular commander χιλίαρχος G5506 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction the οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural officers ὑπηρέται G5257 Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural of the τῶν G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Plural Jews Ἰουδαίων G2453 Adjective - Genitive Masculine Plural arrested συνέλαβον G4815 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular Jesus Ἰησοῦν G2424 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction bound ἔδησαν G1210 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural Him αὐτὸν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular
Verse 13

Original words

- καὶ G2532 Conjunction They brought [Him] first ἤγαγον G71 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural . . . πρῶτον G4412 Adverb - Superlative to πρὸς G4314 Preposition Annas Ἅνναν G452 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular - γὰρ G1063 Conjunction who was ἦν G1510 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular [the] father-in-law πενθερὸς G3995 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular - τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular of Caiaphas Καϊάφα G2533 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular - ὃς G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular - ἦν G1510 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular [the] high priest ἀρχιερεὺς G749 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular - τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular [that] ἐκείνου G1565 Demonstrative Pronoun - Genitive Masculine Singular year ἐνιαυτοῦ G1763 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Verse 14

Original words

- δὲ G1161 Conjunction Caiaphas Καϊάφας G2533 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular was ἦν G1510 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular the [one] G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular who had advised συμβουλεύσας G4823 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular the τοῖς G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Plural Jews Ἰουδαίοις G2453 Adjective - Dative Masculine Plural that ὅτι G3754 Conjunction it would be better if συμφέρει G4851 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular one ἕνα G1520 Adjective - Accusative Masculine Singular man ἄνθρωπον G444 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular died ἀποθανεῖν G599 Verb - Aorist Infinitive Active for ὑπὲρ G5228 Preposition the τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular people λαοῦ G2992 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Verse 15

Original words

Now δὲ G1161 Conjunction Simon Σίμων G4613 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular Peter Πέτρος G4074 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction another ἄλλος G243 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular disciple μαθητής G3101 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular were following Ἠκολούθει G190 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular - τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Singular Jesus Ἰησοῦ G2424 Noun - Dative Masculine Singular - δὲ G1161 Conjunction Since G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular that ἐκεῖνος G1565 Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular disciple μαθητὴς G3101 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular was ἦν G1510 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular known γνωστὸς G1110 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular to the τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Singular high priest ἀρχιερεῖ G749 Noun - Dative Masculine Singular vvv καὶ G2532 Conjunction he also went συνεισῆλθεν G4897 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular - τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Singular with Jesus Ἰησοῦ G2424 Noun - Dative Masculine Singular into εἰς G1519 Preposition the τὴν G3588 Article - Accusative Feminine Singular courtyard αὐλὴν G833 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular of the τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular high priest ἀρχιερέως G749 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Verse 16

Original words

But δὲ G1161 Conjunction - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Peter Πέτρος G4074 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular stood εἱστήκει G2476 Verb - Pluperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular outside ἔξω G1854 Adverb at πρὸς G4314 Preposition the τῇ G3588 Article - Dative Feminine Singular door θύρᾳ G2374 Noun - Dative Feminine Singular Then οὖν G3767 Conjunction the G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular - ἄλλος G243 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular disciple μαθητὴς G3101 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular who was G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular known γνωστὸς G1110 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular to the τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular high priest ἀρχιερέως G749 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular went out ἐξῆλθεν G1831 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction spoke εἶπεν G2036 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular to the τῇ G3588 Article - Dative Feminine Singular doorkeeper θυρωρῷ G2377 Noun - Dative Feminine Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction brought εἰσήγαγεν G1521 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular Peter [in] Πέτρον G4074 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Verse 17

Original words

At this οὖν G3767 Conjunction the G3588 Article - Nominative Feminine Singular servant girl παιδίσκη G3814 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular - G3588 Article - Nominative Feminine Singular watching the door θυρωρός G2377 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular said Λέγει G3004 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular - τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Singular to Peter Πέτρῳ G4074 Noun - Dative Masculine Singular Aren’t εἶ G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular . . . Μὴ G3361 Adverb you σὺ G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 2nd Person Singular also καὶ G2532 Conjunction [one] of ἐκ G1537 Preposition - τῶν G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Plural - τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular this τούτου G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Genitive Masculine Singular man’s ἀνθρώπου G444 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular disciples μαθητῶν G3101 Noun - Genitive Masculine Plural I am εἰμί G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular not Οὐκ G3756 Adverb he ἐκεῖνος G1565 Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular answered Λέγει G3004 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Verse 18

Original words

- δὲ G1161 Conjunction Because ὅτι G3754 Conjunction it was ἦν G1510 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular cold ψῦχος G5592 Noun - Nominative Neuter Singular the οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural servants δοῦλοι G1401 Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural and καὶ G2532 Conjunction - οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural officers ὑπηρέται G5257 Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural were standing around Εἱστήκεισαν G2476 Verb - Pluperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural a charcoal fire ἀνθρακιὰν G439 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular they had made πεποιηκότες G4160 Verb - Perfect Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural - καὶ G2532 Conjunction to keep warm ἐθερμαίνοντο G2328 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Plural And δὲ G1161 Conjunction - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Peter Πέτρος G4074 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular was ἦν G1510 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular also καὶ G2532 Conjunction standing ἑστὼς G2476 Verb - Perfect Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular with μετ’ G3326 Preposition them αὐτῶν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Plural - καὶ G2532 Conjunction warming himself θερμαινόμενος G2328 Verb - Present Participle Middle - Nominative Masculine Singular
Verse 19

Original words

Meanwhile οὖν G3767 Conjunction the G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular high priest ἀρχιερεὺς G749 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular questioned ἠρώτησεν G2065 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular Jesus Ἰησοῦν G2424 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular about περὶ G4012 Preposition His αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular - τῶν G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Plural disciples μαθητῶν G3101 Noun - Genitive Masculine Plural and καὶ G2532 Conjunction - περὶ G4012 Preposition His αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular - τῆς G3588 Article - Genitive Feminine Singular teaching διδαχῆς G1322 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular
Verse 20

Original words

I Ἐγὼ G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person Singular have spoken λελάληκα G2980 Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular openly παρρησίᾳ G3954 Noun - Dative Feminine Singular to the τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Singular world κόσμῳ G2889 Noun - Dative Masculine Singular Jesus Ἰησοῦς G2424 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular answered Ἀπεκρίθη G611 Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular - αὐτῷ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular I ἐγὼ G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person Singular always πάντοτε G3842 Adverb taught ἐδίδαξα G1321 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular in ἐν G1722 Preposition [the] synagogues συναγωγῇ G4864 Noun - Dative Feminine Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction at ἐν G1722 Preposition the τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Neuter Singular temple ἱερῷ G2411 Noun - Dative Neuter Singular where ὅπου G3699 Adverb all πάντες G3956 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Plural the οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural Jews Ἰουδαῖοι G2453 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Plural come together συνέρχονται G4905 Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Plural - καὶ G2532 Conjunction I said ἐλάλησα G2980 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular nothing οὐδέν G3762 Adjective - Accusative Neuter Singular in ἐν G1722 Preposition secret κρυπτῷ G2927 Adjective - Dative Neuter Singular
Verse 21

Original words

Why τί G5101 Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Singular are you asking ἐρωτᾷς G2065 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular Me με G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 1st Person Singular Ask ἐρώτησον G2065 Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Singular those who τοὺς G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Plural heard ἀκηκοότας G191 Verb - Perfect Participle Active - Accusative Masculine Plural vvv τί G5101 Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Singular My message ἐλάλησα G2980 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular . . . αὐτοῖς G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural Surely ἴδε G2400 Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Singular they οὗτοι G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Plural know οἴδασιν G1492 Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural what G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Plural I ἐγώ G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person Singular said εἶπον G2036 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular
Verse 22

Original words

[When] δὲ G1161 Conjunction [Jesus] αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular had said εἰπόντος G2036 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Genitive Masculine Singular [this] Ταῦτα G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Plural one εἷς G1520 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular of the τῶν G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Plural officers ὑπηρετῶν G5257 Noun - Genitive Masculine Plural standing nearby παρεστηκὼς G3936 Verb - Perfect Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular vvv ἔδωκεν G1325 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular slapped [Him] in the face ῥάπισμα G4475 Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular . . . τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Singular . . . Ἰησοῦ G2424 Noun - Dative Masculine Singular [and] said εἰπών G2036 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular {Is} this how Οὕτως G3779 Adverb You answer ἀποκρίνῃ G611 Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 2nd Person Singular the τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Singular high priest ἀρχιερεῖ G749 Noun - Dative Masculine Singular
Verse 23

Original words

Jesus Ἰησοῦς G2424 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular replied Ἀπεκρίθη G611 Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular - αὐτῷ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular If Εἰ G1487 Conjunction I said ἐλάλησα G2980 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular [something] wrong κακῶς G2560 Adverb testify μαρτύρησον G3140 Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Singular as to περὶ G4012 Preposition what τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Neuter Singular was wrong κακοῦ G2556 Adjective - Genitive Neuter Singular But δὲ G1161 Conjunction if εἰ G1487 Conjunction [I spoke] correctly καλῶς G2573 Adverb why τί G5101 Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Singular did you strike δέρεις G1194 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular Me με G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 1st Person Singular
Verse 24

Original words

Then οὖν G3767 Conjunction - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Annas Ἅννας G452 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular sent Ἀπέστειλεν G649 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular Him αὐτὸν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular [ still ] bound δεδεμένον G1210 Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Accusative Masculine Singular to πρὸς G4314 Preposition Caiaphas Καϊάφαν G2533 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular the τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular high priest ἀρχιερέα G749 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Verse 25

Original words

Simon Σίμων G4613 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular Peter Πέτρος G4074 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular was Ἦν G1510 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular still δὲ G1161 Conjunction standing ἑστὼς G2476 Verb - Perfect Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction warming himself θερμαινόμενος G2328 Verb - Present Participle Middle - Nominative Masculine Singular So οὖν G3767 Conjunction they asked εἶπον G2036 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural him αὐτῷ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular Aren’t εἶ G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular . . . Μὴ G3361 Adverb you σὺ G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 2nd Person Singular also καὶ G2532 Conjunction [one] of ἐκ G1537 Preposition His αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular - τῶν G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Plural disciples μαθητῶν G3101 Noun - Genitive Masculine Plural He ἐκεῖνος G1565 Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular denied [it] Ἠρνήσατο G720 Verb - Aorist Indicative Middle - 3rd Person Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction said εἶπεν G2036 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular I am εἰμί G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular not Οὐκ G3756 Adverb
Verse 26

Original words

One εἷς G1520 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular of ἐκ G1537 Preposition the τῶν G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Plural vvv τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular high priest’s ἀρχιερέως G749 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular servants δούλων G1401 Noun - Genitive Masculine Plural - ὢν G1510 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular a relative συγγενὴς G4773 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular of [the man] whose οὗ G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Genitive Masculine Singular - τὸ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Singular ear ὠτίον G5621 Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular Peter Πέτρος G4074 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular had cut off ἀπέκοψεν G609 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular asked Λέγει G3004 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular Didn’t Οὐκ G3756 Adverb I ἐγώ G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person Singular see εἶδον G3708 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular you σε G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 2nd Person Singular with μετ’ G3326 Preposition Him αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular in ἐν G1722 Preposition the τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Singular garden κήπῳ G2779 Noun - Dative Masculine Singular
Verse 27

Original words

Peter Πέτρος G4074 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular denied [it] ἠρνήσατο G720 Verb - Aorist Indicative Middle - 3rd Person Singular vvv οὖν G3767 Conjunction once more Πάλιν G3825 Adverb and καὶ G2532 Conjunction immediately εὐθέως G2112 Adverb a rooster ἀλέκτωρ G220 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular crowed ἐφώνησεν G5455 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.